Next Article in Journal
The Impact of 3D Nichoids and Matrix Stiffness on Primary Malignant Mesothelioma Cells
Next Article in Special Issue
Cross-Species Comparison of the Pan-RAF Inhibitor LY3009120’s Anti-Tumor Effects in Equine, Canine, and Human Malignant Melanoma Cell Lines
Previous Article in Journal
NF-κB: Governing Macrophages in Cancer
Previous Article in Special Issue
Sequence Analysis of Six Candidate Genes in Miniature Schnauzers with Primary Hypertriglyceridemia
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
Genes
Volume 15
Issue 2
10.3390/genes15020198
genes-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Article

Association of FGF4L1 Retrogene Insertion with Prolapsed Gland of the Nictitans (Cherry Eye) in Dogs

by
Jamie Freyer
1,*,
Julia D. Labadie
1,
Jason T. Huff
1,
Michael Denyer
2,
Oliver P. Forman
2,
Rebecca Chodroff Foran
1 and
Jonas Donner
3
1
Wisdom Panel, Mars Petcare Science and Diagnostics, Portland, OR 97209, USA
2
Wisdom Panel, Mars Petcare Science and Diagnostics, Waltham on the Wolds, Leicestershire LE14 4RS, UK
3
Wisdom Panel, Mars Petcare Science and Diagnostics, 00581 Helsinki, Finland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Genes 2024, 15(2), 198; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15020198
Submission received: 19 December 2023 / Revised: 26 January 2024 / Accepted: 30 January 2024 / Published: 1 February 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Companion Animal Genetics and Genomics)
Browse Figures
Versions Notes

Abstract

Cherry eye is the common name for prolapse of the nictitans gland, a tear-producing gland situated under the third eyelid of dogs. Cherry eye is characterized by a red fleshy protuberance in the corner of the eye, resembling a cherry. This protrusion is a displacement of the normal gland of the third eyelid, thought to be caused by a defect in the connective tissue that secures the gland in place. Options for treatment may include anti-inflammatory medications in mild cases, but surgical replacement of the gland is usually indicated. Cherry eye is most often seen in dogs under the age of two years, with certain breeds having a higher incidence, suggesting a potential genetic association. Integration of panel genetic testing into routine clinical practice allows for the generation of large numbers of genotyped individuals paired with clinical records and enables the investigation of common disorders using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach at scale. In this investigation, several thousand cases and controls for cherry eye in both purebred dogs and mixed breeds are used for a large-scale GWAS, revealing a single peak of genome-wide significance on canine chromosome 18, directly at the location of the previously identified FGF4 insertion known to cause chondrodysplasia in several breeds.
Keywords: cherry eye; prolapsed nictitans; third eyelid gland; canine; GWAS; genetics; FGF4; FGF4L1; chondrodysplasia cherry eye; prolapsed nictitans; third eyelid gland; canine; GWAS; genetics; FGF4; FGF4L1; chondrodysplasia

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Freyer, J.; Labadie, J.D.; Huff, J.T.; Denyer, M.; Forman, O.P.; Chodroff Foran, R.; Donner, J. Association of FGF4L1 Retrogene Insertion with Prolapsed Gland of the Nictitans (Cherry Eye) in Dogs. Genes 2024, 15, 198. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15020198

AMA Style

Freyer J, Labadie JD, Huff JT, Denyer M, Forman OP, Chodroff Foran R, Donner J. Association of FGF4L1 Retrogene Insertion with Prolapsed Gland of the Nictitans (Cherry Eye) in Dogs. Genes. 2024; 15(2):198. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15020198

Chicago/Turabian Style

Freyer, Jamie, Julia D. Labadie, Jason T. Huff, Michael Denyer, Oliver P. Forman, Rebecca Chodroff Foran, and Jonas Donner. 2024. "Association of FGF4L1 Retrogene Insertion with Prolapsed Gland of the Nictitans (Cherry Eye) in Dogs" Genes 15, no. 2: 198. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15020198

APA Style

Freyer, J., Labadie, J. D., Huff, J. T., Denyer, M., Forman, O. P., Chodroff Foran, R., & Donner, J. (2024). Association of FGF4L1 Retrogene Insertion with Prolapsed Gland of the Nictitans (Cherry Eye) in Dogs. Genes, 15(2), 198. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15020198

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop