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Volume 10
Issue 12
10.3390/genes10121049
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Review

Exploring Mammalian Genome within Phase-Separated Nuclear Bodies: Experimental Methods and Implications for Gene Expression

by
Annick Lesne
1,2,*,
Marie-Odile Baudement
1,3,
Cosette Rebouissou
1 and
Thierry Forné
1,*
1
IGMM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, F-34293 Montpellier, France
2
Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée, LPTMC, F-75252 Paris, France
3
Centre for Integrative Genetics (CIGENE), Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1430 Ås, Norway
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Genes 2019, 10(12), 1049; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes10121049
Received: 6 November 2019 / Revised: 11 December 2019 / Accepted: 13 December 2019 / Published: 17 December 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Disentangling Mechanisms of Genomic Regulation of Cell Functions at the Gene Level)
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Abstract

The importance of genome organization at the supranucleosomal scale in the control of gene expression is increasingly recognized today. In mammals, Topologically Associating Domains (TADs) and the active/inactive chromosomal compartments are two of the main nuclear structures that contribute to this organization level. However, recent works reviewed here indicate that, at specific loci, chromatin interactions with nuclear bodies could also be crucial to regulate genome functions, in particular transcription. They moreover suggest that these nuclear bodies are membrane-less organelles dynamically self-assembled and disassembled through mechanisms of phase separation. We have recently developed a novel genome-wide experimental method, High-salt Recovered Sequences sequencing (HRS-seq), which allows the identification of chromatin regions associated with large ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes and nuclear bodies. We argue that the physical nature of such RNP complexes and nuclear bodies appears to be central in their ability to promote efficient interactions between distant genomic regions. The development of novel experimental approaches, including our HRS-seq method, is opening new avenues to understand how self-assembly of phase-separated nuclear bodies possibly contributes to mammalian genome organization and gene expression. View Full-Text
Keywords: phase separation; nuclear bodies; self-assembly; genome organization; gene expression phase separation; nuclear bodies; self-assembly; genome organization; gene expression
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MDPI and ACS Style

Lesne, A.; Baudement, M.-O.; Rebouissou, C.; Forné, T. Exploring Mammalian Genome within Phase-Separated Nuclear Bodies: Experimental Methods and Implications for Gene Expression. Genes 2019, 10, 1049. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes10121049

AMA Style

Lesne A, Baudement M-O, Rebouissou C, Forné T. Exploring Mammalian Genome within Phase-Separated Nuclear Bodies: Experimental Methods and Implications for Gene Expression. Genes. 2019; 10(12):1049. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes10121049

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lesne, Annick, Marie-Odile Baudement, Cosette Rebouissou, and Thierry Forné. 2019. "Exploring Mammalian Genome within Phase-Separated Nuclear Bodies: Experimental Methods and Implications for Gene Expression" Genes 10, no. 12: 1049. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes10121049

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