Deletion or Inhibition of NOD1 Favors Plaque Stability and Attenuates Atherothrombosis in Advanced Atherogenesis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Human Samples
2.2. Animal Procedures
2.3. Cell Procedures
2.4. Histological Analysis and Lesion Quantification
2.5. Immunostaining
2.6. Western Blot Analysis
2.7. qRT-PCR
2.8. Quantification and Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. NOD1 in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Macrophages Plays a Key Role in Murine and Human Atherosclerosis Plaque Formation
3.2. NOD1 Deficiency Modulates Structural and Compositional Features of Vulnerable Plaques
3.3. Nod1 Inactivation Increases SMC Proliferation and Reduces Macrophage Apoptosis
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
Abbreviations | Acronyms |
ACS | Acute coronary syndrome |
BMDM | Bone-marrow derived macrophage |
FC | Fibrous cap |
HE | Haematoxylin-eosin |
HFD | High-fat diet |
iE-DAP | γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelic acid |
NC | Necrotic core |
ORO | Oil Red O |
oxLDL | Oxidized low-density lipoprotein |
SMC | Smooth muscle cell |
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González-Ramos, S.; Fernández-García, V.; Recalde, M.; Rodríguez, C.; Martínez-González, J.; Andrés, V.; Martín-Sanz, P.; Boscá, L. Deletion or Inhibition of NOD1 Favors Plaque Stability and Attenuates Atherothrombosis in Advanced Atherogenesis. Cells 2020, 9, 2067. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9092067
González-Ramos S, Fernández-García V, Recalde M, Rodríguez C, Martínez-González J, Andrés V, Martín-Sanz P, Boscá L. Deletion or Inhibition of NOD1 Favors Plaque Stability and Attenuates Atherothrombosis in Advanced Atherogenesis. Cells. 2020; 9(9):2067. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9092067
Chicago/Turabian StyleGonzález-Ramos, Silvia, Victoria Fernández-García, Miriam Recalde, Cristina Rodríguez, José Martínez-González, Vicente Andrés, Paloma Martín-Sanz, and Lisardo Boscá. 2020. "Deletion or Inhibition of NOD1 Favors Plaque Stability and Attenuates Atherothrombosis in Advanced Atherogenesis" Cells 9, no. 9: 2067. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9092067