Inflammaging, an Imbalanced Immune Response That Needs to Be Restored for Cancer Prevention and Treatment in the Elderly
Abstract
:1. Introduction: Immunosenescence and Inflammation during Aging, and its Consequences in Cancer and Other Age-Related Diseases
2. Variation of T-reg Cells and Th17 Cells during Aging and Their Impact on the Development of Inflammaging
2.1. Changes in the T-reg Cell Compartment during Aging and Impact in Inflammation and Cancer
2.2. Th17 Compartment and Its Delicate Balance with T-reg Cells
2.3. Changes in the Th17 Compartment during Aging and Implications for Autoimmunity and Cancer
3. Variation of NK Cells during Aging and Cancer and Their Impact on the Development of Inflammation
3.1. Immunoregulatory Activity of CD56bright NK Cells
3.2. Variation of NK Cells in Aging and Cancer
4. Impact of NLRP3 and Granzymes in Pyroptosis during the Immune Response and the Development of Inflammation
4.1. Impact of NLRP3 in Inflammatory Diseases
4.2. Impact of NLRP3 in Immunosenescence and Adoptive Cellular Immunotherapy in Cancer
4.3. Impact of Inflammatory Granzymes Released by Immune Cells on Inflammaging and the Immune Response
5. Association of Intrinsic and External Triggers of Inflammation with Cancer
5.1. Diet
5.2. Air Pollution
5.3. Genomic Instability
6. Preclinical Studies That Associate Inflammation with the Development of Different Typesof Cancer
7. Summary
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Age-Related Diseases | Mediators | References |
---|---|---|
Atherosclerosis | Secretion of IL1β, IL18 and IL6 among others | [7,40] |
Cardiovascular diseases | CRP and IL6 in blood | [7] |
Frailty, Sarcopenia | Inflammatory markers in blood, IL6 | [41] |
Decline of innate and adaptive immune system | Immunosenescence | [8,9] |
Type 2 diabetes | Secretion of IL1β among others | [34,42,43] |
Cancer | CRP, IL6, immunosenescence | [7,25,26,35,36,44,45] |
Osteoporosis, bone remodeling | IL1, IL6, TNFα | [46] |
Neurodegenerative disease | Immune cells infiltration | [33] |
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Serrano-López, J.; Martín-Antonio, B. Inflammaging, an Imbalanced Immune Response That Needs to Be Restored for Cancer Prevention and Treatment in the Elderly. Cells 2021, 10, 2562. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10102562
Serrano-López J, Martín-Antonio B. Inflammaging, an Imbalanced Immune Response That Needs to Be Restored for Cancer Prevention and Treatment in the Elderly. Cells. 2021; 10(10):2562. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10102562
Chicago/Turabian StyleSerrano-López, Juana, and Beatriz Martín-Antonio. 2021. "Inflammaging, an Imbalanced Immune Response That Needs to Be Restored for Cancer Prevention and Treatment in the Elderly" Cells 10, no. 10: 2562. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10102562