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Article

Calibration and Testing of Discrete Element Simulation Parameters for the Presoaked Cyperus esculentus L. Rubber Interface Using EDEM

Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Agronomy 2025, 15(10), 2440; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15102440
Submission received: 29 September 2025 / Revised: 17 October 2025 / Accepted: 20 October 2025 / Published: 21 October 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Precision and Digital Agriculture)

Abstract

To address the challenges in precision seeding of Cyperus esculentus L. seeds caused by their irregular shape and uneven surface, this study investigates the effect of soaking pretreatment on seed germination and adopts rubber-based seed suction holes to improve adsorption performance. Subsequently, calibration and experiments on discrete element simulation parameters were carried out. Initially, by setting four soaking time gradients (0, 24, 48, and 72 h), the optimal soaking duration was determined. Furthermore, through free-fall collision tests, static friction tests, and rolling friction tests, combined with the Plackett–Burman design, steepest ascent experiments, and Box–Behnken response surface methodology, the contact parameters between seeds and between seeds and rubber suction holes were calibrated and optimized. The results showed that the static friction coefficient (D) between seeds, the rolling friction coefficient (E) between seeds, and the rolling friction coefficient (H) between seeds and rubber have significant effects on the stacking angle. The optimal parameter combination obtained was D = 0.592, E = 0.325, H = 0.171. Validation tests on the dynamic stacking angle demonstrated that the relative error between the simulated and physical test values was only 1.89%, confirming the accuracy of the parameters. This study provides reliable parameter references for the design and simulation optimization of precision seed metering devices for C. esculentus after soaking pretreatment.
Keywords: presoaking; Cyperus esculentus; parameter calibration; Plackett Burman design; dynamic stacking angle; discrete element method (EDEM) presoaking; Cyperus esculentus; parameter calibration; Plackett Burman design; dynamic stacking angle; discrete element method (EDEM)

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MDPI and ACS Style

Liu, Z.; Yan, J.; Liu, F.; Wang, L. Calibration and Testing of Discrete Element Simulation Parameters for the Presoaked Cyperus esculentus L. Rubber Interface Using EDEM. Agronomy 2025, 15, 2440. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15102440

AMA Style

Liu Z, Yan J, Liu F, Wang L. Calibration and Testing of Discrete Element Simulation Parameters for the Presoaked Cyperus esculentus L. Rubber Interface Using EDEM. Agronomy. 2025; 15(10):2440. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15102440

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liu, Zhenyu, Jianguo Yan, Fei Liu, and Lijuan Wang. 2025. "Calibration and Testing of Discrete Element Simulation Parameters for the Presoaked Cyperus esculentus L. Rubber Interface Using EDEM" Agronomy 15, no. 10: 2440. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15102440

APA Style

Liu, Z., Yan, J., Liu, F., & Wang, L. (2025). Calibration and Testing of Discrete Element Simulation Parameters for the Presoaked Cyperus esculentus L. Rubber Interface Using EDEM. Agronomy, 15(10), 2440. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15102440

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