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Article

Morphological and Ecogeographic Study of the Diversity of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Ecuador

by
Álvaro Monteros-Altamirano
1,
Cesar Tapia
1,
Nelly Paredes
2,
Valeria Alulema
3,
Marcelo Tacán
1,
Alberto Roura
1,
Luis Lima
2 and
Marten Sørensen
4,*
1
INIAP, Estación Experimental Santa Catalina, Panamericana sur km 1, Quito 171107, Ecuador
2
INIAP, Estación Experimental Central de la Amazonía, Vía Sacha San Carlos km 3 de la Entrada a la Parker, Orellana 170518, Ecuador
3
INBIOMED (Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina), UCE (Universidad Central del Ecuador), Quito 170201, Ecuador
4
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Sobi/Plen-KU, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 3, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Agronomy 2021, 11(9), 1844; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091844
Submission received: 17 July 2021 / Revised: 9 September 2021 / Accepted: 9 September 2021 / Published: 14 September 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Using Our Agrobiodiversity: Plant-Based Solutions to Feed the World)
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Abstract

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a crop of nutritional and economic importance worldwide, cultivated in more than 100 tropical and subtropical countries including Ecuador, where it is traditionally cultivated in the three continental regions: Amazonia, the Coast and in the valleys of the Sierra. The purpose of this study is to characterize 195 accessions from INIAP’s Ecuadorian cassava collection through (1) morphological characterization with qualitative and quantitative descriptors; and (2) ecogeographic characterization to know the climatic, geophysical, and edaphic conditions in which cassava grows and which environments are frequent or marginal for its cultivation. For the morphological characterization, 27 morphological descriptors were used (18 qualitative and nine quantitative), and for the ecogeographic characterization, 55 variables (41 climatic, two geophysical and 12 edaphic). Four morphological groups and three ecogeographic groups were identified. Morphological variability was evidenced mainly in descriptors related to the leaves, stems, and inflorescences. In addition, it was possible to identify accessions that appear capable of growing under extreme conditions of drought and poor soils. These accessions could be used for improvement.
Keywords: variability; adaptation; GIS variability; adaptation; GIS

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MDPI and ACS Style

Monteros-Altamirano, Á.; Tapia, C.; Paredes, N.; Alulema, V.; Tacán, M.; Roura, A.; Lima, L.; Sørensen, M. Morphological and Ecogeographic Study of the Diversity of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Ecuador. Agronomy 2021, 11, 1844. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091844

AMA Style

Monteros-Altamirano Á, Tapia C, Paredes N, Alulema V, Tacán M, Roura A, Lima L, Sørensen M. Morphological and Ecogeographic Study of the Diversity of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Ecuador. Agronomy. 2021; 11(9):1844. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091844

Chicago/Turabian Style

Monteros-Altamirano, Álvaro, Cesar Tapia, Nelly Paredes, Valeria Alulema, Marcelo Tacán, Alberto Roura, Luis Lima, and Marten Sørensen. 2021. "Morphological and Ecogeographic Study of the Diversity of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Ecuador" Agronomy 11, no. 9: 1844. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091844

APA Style

Monteros-Altamirano, Á., Tapia, C., Paredes, N., Alulema, V., Tacán, M., Roura, A., Lima, L., & Sørensen, M. (2021). Morphological and Ecogeographic Study of the Diversity of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Ecuador. Agronomy, 11(9), 1844. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091844

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