Soil Enzymatic Activities and Microbial Community Structure in Soils Polluted with Tetracycline Antibiotics

Santás-Miguel, Vanesa; Díaz-Raviña, Montserrat; Martín, Angela; García-Campos, Elena; Barreiro, Ana; Núñez-Delgado, Avelino; Álvarez-Rodríguez, Esperanza; Arias-Estévez, Manuel; Fernández-Calviño, David

doi:10.3390/agronomy11050906

Open AccessArticle

Soil Enzymatic Activities and Microbial Community Structure in Soils Polluted with Tetracycline Antibiotics

by

Vanesa Santás-Miguel

¹,

Montserrat Díaz-Raviña

²,

Angela Martín

²,

Elena García-Campos

²

,

Ana Barreiro

²,

Avelino Núñez-Delgado

³

,

Esperanza Álvarez-Rodríguez

³

,

Manuel Arias-Estévez

¹

and

David Fernández-Calviño

^1,*

¹

Área de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, Campus As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain

²

Departamento de Bioquímica del Suelo, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia (IIAG-CSIC), Apartado 122, Avda Vigo s/n, 15780 Santiago de Compostela, Spain

³

Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Escola Politécnica Superior de Enxeñaría, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Agronomy 2021, 11(5), 906; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11050906

Submission received: 30 March 2021 / Revised: 19 April 2021 / Accepted: 30 April 2021 / Published: 5 May 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Healthy in Agro-ecosystems)

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Abstract

A laboratory experiment was performed to examine the medium-term influence of three tetracycline antibiotics (chlortetracycline, CTC; tetracycline, TC and oxytetracycline, OTC) at different concentrations in four agricultural soils with similar pH and different soil organic content. After a 42-days incubation period, three different soil enzymes (β-glucosidase, urease, and phosphomonoesterase) were estimated, as well as the phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs). A residual effect was observed on all microbial parameters measured in the four soils affecting to the soil enzymes activity and soil microbial communities structure (PLFA pattern). A different microbial sensitivity to antibiotics was detected depending on both, soil type and the microbial property considered. Specifically, in general, no antibiotic effect or even a slight positive effect was observed for phosphomonoesterase and β-glucosidase enzyme activities, respectively, while a negative effect was detected for urease activity values, particularly at higher doses of the antibiotics in a soil with a low organic matter content. The principal component analysis performed with the PLFAs data obtained for all soil samples showed different microbial communities depending mainly on soil type, followed by the antibiotic added to the soil (CTC, TC or OTC) and, in a lesser extent, by its concentration. In general, the PLFA patterns showed similar microbial communities structure due to OTC and TC addition in comparison to the microbial communities structure of soil treated with CTC. These results could be environmentally relevant, especially as regards potential effects of antibiotics on the soil microbiome and hence on health risk assessment of these antibiotics in soils.

Keywords: agricultural soils; veterinary antibiotics contamination; oxytetracycline; chlortetracycline; soil enzymes; PLFAs

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MDPI and ACS Style

Santás-Miguel, V.; Díaz-Raviña, M.; Martín, A.; García-Campos, E.; Barreiro, A.; Núñez-Delgado, A.; Álvarez-Rodríguez, E.; Arias-Estévez, M.; Fernández-Calviño, D. Soil Enzymatic Activities and Microbial Community Structure in Soils Polluted with Tetracycline Antibiotics. Agronomy 2021, 11, 906. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11050906

AMA Style

Santás-Miguel V, Díaz-Raviña M, Martín A, García-Campos E, Barreiro A, Núñez-Delgado A, Álvarez-Rodríguez E, Arias-Estévez M, Fernández-Calviño D. Soil Enzymatic Activities and Microbial Community Structure in Soils Polluted with Tetracycline Antibiotics. Agronomy. 2021; 11(5):906. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11050906

Chicago/Turabian Style

Santás-Miguel, Vanesa, Montserrat Díaz-Raviña, Angela Martín, Elena García-Campos, Ana Barreiro, Avelino Núñez-Delgado, Esperanza Álvarez-Rodríguez, Manuel Arias-Estévez, and David Fernández-Calviño. 2021. "Soil Enzymatic Activities and Microbial Community Structure in Soils Polluted with Tetracycline Antibiotics" Agronomy 11, no. 5: 906. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11050906

APA Style

Santás-Miguel, V., Díaz-Raviña, M., Martín, A., García-Campos, E., Barreiro, A., Núñez-Delgado, A., Álvarez-Rodríguez, E., Arias-Estévez, M., & Fernández-Calviño, D. (2021). Soil Enzymatic Activities and Microbial Community Structure in Soils Polluted with Tetracycline Antibiotics. Agronomy, 11(5), 906. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11050906

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Soil Enzymatic Activities and Microbial Community Structure in Soils Polluted with Tetracycline Antibiotics

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