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Volume 10
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10.3390/agronomy10040589
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Article

Soil Nutrients Effects on the Performance of Durum Wheat Inoculated with Entomopathogenic Fungi

by
Adrián González-Guzmán
*,
Daniel Sacristán
,
Antonio Rafael Sánchez-Rodríguez
,
Vidal Barrón
,
José Torrent
and
María Carmen del Campillo
Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio C4, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Agronomy 2020, 10(4), 589; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040589
Submission received: 17 March 2020 / Revised: 9 April 2020 / Accepted: 16 April 2020 / Published: 20 April 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Healthy in Agro-ecosystems)
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Abstract

Entomopathogenic fungi (EFs) are widely used as biological control agents. However, some strains of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium brunneum can also promote plant growth and increase nutrient uptake. We examined the effects of soil properties on the performance of Triticum durum inoculated by seed dressing with these EFs and grown on 12 agricultural soils. The plants were supplied with all nutrients except P and Zn (essential for yield and the grain quality of wheat). Fungal inoculation increased the grain yield and harvest index significantly with B. bassiana (17% and 14%, respectively) but not with M. brunneum (6% and 6%, respectively). The increase in grain yield was positively and moderately correlated with the soil available phosphorus (POlsen) in plants inoculated with B. bassiana and with the soil content in poorly crystalline Fe oxides with M. brunneum. In addition, the increase in aerial dry matter resulting from inoculation with B. bassiana was negatively correlated with soil available Zn. Furthermore, the observed increase in grain yields due to fungal inoculation resulted in P and Zn grain dilution (grain nutrient concentrations decrease). Inoculation with B. bassiana increased grain Zn uptake and the proportion of Zn in grain relative to that in aerial dry matter. Success in the mutualistic relationship between EF and wheat plants depends on the fungal strain and soil properties.
Keywords: grain yield; growth promotion; phosphorus; plant–soil–fungus interaction; zinc grain yield; growth promotion; phosphorus; plant–soil–fungus interaction; zinc

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MDPI and ACS Style

González-Guzmán, A.; Sacristán, D.; Sánchez-Rodríguez, A.R.; Barrón, V.; Torrent, J.; del Campillo, M.C. Soil Nutrients Effects on the Performance of Durum Wheat Inoculated with Entomopathogenic Fungi. Agronomy 2020, 10, 589. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040589

AMA Style

González-Guzmán A, Sacristán D, Sánchez-Rodríguez AR, Barrón V, Torrent J, del Campillo MC. Soil Nutrients Effects on the Performance of Durum Wheat Inoculated with Entomopathogenic Fungi. Agronomy. 2020; 10(4):589. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040589

Chicago/Turabian Style

González-Guzmán, Adrián, Daniel Sacristán, Antonio Rafael Sánchez-Rodríguez, Vidal Barrón, José Torrent, and María Carmen del Campillo. 2020. "Soil Nutrients Effects on the Performance of Durum Wheat Inoculated with Entomopathogenic Fungi" Agronomy 10, no. 4: 589. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040589

APA Style

González-Guzmán, A., Sacristán, D., Sánchez-Rodríguez, A. R., Barrón, V., Torrent, J., & del Campillo, M. C. (2020). Soil Nutrients Effects on the Performance of Durum Wheat Inoculated with Entomopathogenic Fungi. Agronomy, 10(4), 589. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040589

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