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Volume 10
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10.3390/catal10091045
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Article

High Performance and Sustainable Copper-Modified Hydroxyapatite Catalysts for Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Furfural

by
Balla Putrakumar
1,*,
Prem Kumar Seelam
2,*,
Ginjupalli Srinivasarao
3,
Karthikeyan Rajan
1,
Rajendiran Rajesh
4,
K. Ramachandra Rao
5 and
Tongxiang Liang
1,*
1
College of Rare Earths (CoRE), Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
2
Environmental and Chemical Engineering Research Unit, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, 90014 Oulu, Finland
3
Department of Basic Science and Humanities, Swarnandhra College of Engineering and Technology, Narasapur 534280, India
4
Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
5
Crystal Growth & Nano Research Centre, Department of Physics, Government College (Autonomous), Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh 533105, India
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Catalysts 2020, 10(9), 1045; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10091045
Submission received: 30 July 2020 / Revised: 19 August 2020 / Accepted: 24 August 2020 / Published: 11 September 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives in Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis, Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation, and Catalytic Fast Hydropyrolysis)
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Abstract

Designing and developing non-noble metal-based heterogeneous catalysts have a substantial importance in biomass conversion. Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV) reaction is a significant pathway for eco-friendly catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) of biomass derived furfural into furfuryl alcohol. In this work, a series of copper-supported hydroxyapatite (HAp) catalysts with different copper loadings (2–20 wt.%) were prepared by a facile impregnation method and tested in the reduction of furfural to furfuryl alcohol using 2-propanol as a hydrogen donor. The structural and chemical properties of the synthesised catalysts were analysed by using various techniques (XRD, N2 sorption, SEM, TEM, UV-DRS, ICP, FTIR, TPR, TPD-CO2 and N2O titration). The effect of copper loading was found to be significant on the total performance of the catalysts. The results demonstrate that 5CuHAp catalyst possess highly dispersed copper particles and high basicity compared to all other catalysts. Overall, 5CuHAp exhibited highest conversion (96%) and selectivity (100%) at 140 °C at 4 h time on stream. The optimised reaction conditions were also determined to gain the high activity.
Keywords: catalytic hydrogen transfer; furfural; furfuryl alcohol; copper catalytic hydrogen transfer; furfural; furfuryl alcohol; copper
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MDPI and ACS Style

Putrakumar, B.; Seelam, P.K.; Srinivasarao, G.; Rajan, K.; Rajesh, R.; Rao, K.R.; Liang, T. High Performance and Sustainable Copper-Modified Hydroxyapatite Catalysts for Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Furfural. Catalysts 2020, 10, 1045. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10091045

AMA Style

Putrakumar B, Seelam PK, Srinivasarao G, Rajan K, Rajesh R, Rao KR, Liang T. High Performance and Sustainable Copper-Modified Hydroxyapatite Catalysts for Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Furfural. Catalysts. 2020; 10(9):1045. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10091045

Chicago/Turabian Style

Putrakumar, Balla, Prem Kumar Seelam, Ginjupalli Srinivasarao, Karthikeyan Rajan, Rajendiran Rajesh, K. Ramachandra Rao, and Tongxiang Liang. 2020. "High Performance and Sustainable Copper-Modified Hydroxyapatite Catalysts for Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Furfural" Catalysts 10, no. 9: 1045. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10091045

APA Style

Putrakumar, B., Seelam, P. K., Srinivasarao, G., Rajan, K., Rajesh, R., Rao, K. R., & Liang, T. (2020). High Performance and Sustainable Copper-Modified Hydroxyapatite Catalysts for Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Furfural. Catalysts, 10(9), 1045. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10091045

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