Quantification and Optimization of Standard-of-Care Therapy to Delay the Emergence of Resistant Bone Metastatic Prostate Cancer
1
Integrated Mathematical Oncology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
2
School of Arts, University of Roehampton, London SW15 5PU, UK
3
Department of Computer Science, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
4
Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
5
Department of Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
6
Department of Medical Oncology Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
7
Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
8
Division of Medical Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84122, USA
9
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
10
Genitourinary Oncology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contribute equally.
Academic Editor: Sonia Vallet
Cancers 2021, 13(4), 677; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13040677
Received: 18 December 2020
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Revised: 28 January 2021
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Accepted: 2 February 2021
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Published: 8 February 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Understanding the Evolutionary Dynamics and Ecology of Cancer in Treatment Resistance)
Simple Summary
Using a first-principles approach, we demonstrate how standard-of-care therapies for bone metastatic prostate cancer (BMPCa) patients can be optimized with the use of routine measurements to significantly delay the evolution of resistant disease, potentially extending overall patient survival.
Background: Bone metastatic prostate cancer (BMPCa), despite the initial responsiveness to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), inevitably becomes resistant. Recent clinical trials with upfront treatment of ADT combined with chemotherapy or novel hormonal therapies (NHTs) have extended overall patient survival. These results indicate that there is significant potential for the optimization of standard-of-care therapies to delay the emergence of progressive metastatic disease. Methods: Here, we used data extracted from human bone metastatic biopsies pre- and post-abiraterone acetate/prednisone to generate a mathematical model of bone metastatic prostate cancer that can unravel the treatment impact on disease progression. Intra-tumor heterogeneity in regard to ADT and chemotherapy resistance was derived from biopsy data at a cellular level, permitting the model to track the dynamics of resistant phenotypes in response to treatment from biological first-principles without relying on data fitting. These cellular data were mathematically correlated with a clinical proxy for tumor burden, utilizing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) production as an example. Results: Using this correlation, our model recapitulated the individual patient response to applied treatments in a separate and independent cohort of patients (n = 24), and was able to estimate the initial resistance to the ADT of each patient. Combined with an intervention-decision algorithm informed by patient-specific prediction of initial resistance, we propose to optimize the sequence of treatments for each patient with the goal of delaying the evolution of resistant disease and limit cancer cell growth, offering evidence for an improvement against retrospective data. Conclusions: Our results show how minimal but widely available patient information can be used to model and track the progression of BMPCa in real time, offering a clinically relevant insight into the patient-specific evolutionary dynamics of the disease and suggesting new therapeutic options for intervention. Trial registration: NCT # 01953640. Funding: Funded by an NCI U01 (NCI) U01CA202958-01 and a Moffitt Team Science Award. CCL and DB were partly funded by an NCI PSON U01 (U01CA244101). AA was partly funded by a Department of Defense Prostate Cancer Research Program (W81XWH-15-1-0184) fellowship. LC was partly funded by a postdoctoral fellowship (PF-13-175-01-CSM) from the American Cancer Society.
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Keywords:
computational model; mathematical oncology; androgen therapy resistance; bone metastatic prostate cancer; personalized treatment
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MDPI and ACS Style
Araujo, A.; Cook, L.M.; Frieling, J.S.; Tan, W.; Copland, J.A., II; Kohli, M.; Gupta, S.; Dhillon, J.; Pow-Sang, J.; Lynch, C.C.; Basanta, D. Quantification and Optimization of Standard-of-Care Therapy to Delay the Emergence of Resistant Bone Metastatic Prostate Cancer. Cancers 2021, 13, 677. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13040677
AMA Style
Araujo A, Cook LM, Frieling JS, Tan W, Copland JA II, Kohli M, Gupta S, Dhillon J, Pow-Sang J, Lynch CC, Basanta D. Quantification and Optimization of Standard-of-Care Therapy to Delay the Emergence of Resistant Bone Metastatic Prostate Cancer. Cancers. 2021; 13(4):677. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13040677
Chicago/Turabian StyleAraujo, Arturo, Leah M. Cook, Jeremy S. Frieling, Winston Tan, John A. Copland II, Manish Kohli, Shilpa Gupta, Jasreman Dhillon, Julio Pow-Sang, Conor C. Lynch, and David Basanta. 2021. "Quantification and Optimization of Standard-of-Care Therapy to Delay the Emergence of Resistant Bone Metastatic Prostate Cancer" Cancers 13, no. 4: 677. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13040677
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