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Micromachines
Volume 14
Issue 2
10.3390/mi14020298
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Article

Triboelectric-Electromagnetic Hybrid Wind-Energy Harvester with a Low Startup Wind Speed in Urban Self-Powered Sensing

by
Gang Li
,
Juan Cui
*,
Tingshan Liu
,
Yongqiu Zheng
,
Congcong Hao
,
Xiaojian Hao
and
Chenyang Xue
Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science & Dynamic Measurement, School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Micromachines 2023, 14(2), 298; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14020298
Submission received: 9 January 2023 / Revised: 17 January 2023 / Accepted: 18 January 2023 / Published: 23 January 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Flexible and Wearable Sensors)
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Abstract

Wind energy as a renewable energy source is easily available and widely distributed in cities. However, current wind-energy harvesters are inadequate at capturing energy from low-speed winds in urban areas, thereby limiting their application in distributed self-powered sensor networks. A triboelectric–electromagnetic hybrid harvester with a low startup wind speed (LSWS-TEH) is proposed that also provides output power within a wide range of wind speeds. An engineering-implementable propeller design method is developed to reduce the startup wind speed of the harvester. A mechanical analysis of the aerodynamics of the rotating propeller is performed, and optimal propeller parameter settings are found that greatly improved its aerodynamic torque. By combining the high-voltage output of the triboelectric nanogenerator under low-speed winds with the high-power output of the electromagnetic generator under high-speed winds, the harvester can maintain direct current output over a wide wind-speed range after rectification. Experiments show that the harvester activates at wind speeds as low as 1.2 m/s, powers a sensor with multiple integrated components in 1.7 m/s wind speeds, and drives a Bluetooth temperature and humidity sensor in 2.7 m/s wind speeds. The proposed small, effective, inexpensive hybrid energy harvester provides a promising way for self-powered requirements in smart city settings.
Keywords: hybrid nanogenerators; triboelectric nanogenerator; electromagnetic generator; wind-energy harvesting; low startup wind speed; self-powered sensor hybrid nanogenerators; triboelectric nanogenerator; electromagnetic generator; wind-energy harvesting; low startup wind speed; self-powered sensor

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MDPI and ACS Style

Li, G.; Cui, J.; Liu, T.; Zheng, Y.; Hao, C.; Hao, X.; Xue, C. Triboelectric-Electromagnetic Hybrid Wind-Energy Harvester with a Low Startup Wind Speed in Urban Self-Powered Sensing. Micromachines 2023, 14, 298. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14020298

AMA Style

Li G, Cui J, Liu T, Zheng Y, Hao C, Hao X, Xue C. Triboelectric-Electromagnetic Hybrid Wind-Energy Harvester with a Low Startup Wind Speed in Urban Self-Powered Sensing. Micromachines. 2023; 14(2):298. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14020298

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li, Gang, Juan Cui, Tingshan Liu, Yongqiu Zheng, Congcong Hao, Xiaojian Hao, and Chenyang Xue. 2023. "Triboelectric-Electromagnetic Hybrid Wind-Energy Harvester with a Low Startup Wind Speed in Urban Self-Powered Sensing" Micromachines 14, no. 2: 298. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14020298

APA Style

Li, G., Cui, J., Liu, T., Zheng, Y., Hao, C., Hao, X., & Xue, C. (2023). Triboelectric-Electromagnetic Hybrid Wind-Energy Harvester with a Low Startup Wind Speed in Urban Self-Powered Sensing. Micromachines, 14(2), 298. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14020298

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