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Nutrients
Volume 16
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10.3390/nu16020318
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Article

A Five-Week Periodized Carbohydrate Diet Does Not Improve Maximal Lactate Steady-State Exercise Capacity and Substrate Oxidation in Well-Trained Cyclists compared to a High-Carbohydrate Diet

by
Gorka Prieto-Bellver
1,
Javier Diaz-Lara
1,*,
David J. Bishop
2,
José Fernández-Sáez
3,
Javier Abián-Vicén
1,
Iñigo San-Millan
4 and
Jordan Santos-Concejero
5
1
Performance and Sport Rehabilitation Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
2
Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Footscray VIC 3011, Australia
3
Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 43500 Tortosa, Spain
4
Department of Human Physiology and Nutrition, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO 80918, USA
5
Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2024, 16(2), 318; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020318
Submission received: 30 December 2023 / Revised: 15 January 2024 / Accepted: 19 January 2024 / Published: 21 January 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Dietary Intake on Athletic Performance)
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Abstract

There is a growing interest in studies involving carbohydrate (CHO) manipulation and subsequent adaptations to endurance training. This study aimed to analyze whether a periodized carbohydrate feeding strategy based on a daily training session has any advantages compared to a high-carbohydrate diet in well-trained cyclists. Seventeen trained cyclists (VO2peak = 70.8 ± 6.5 mL·kg−1·min−1) were divided into two groups, a periodized (PCHO) group and a high-carbohydrate (HCHO) group. Both groups performed the same training sessions for five weeks. In the PCHO group, 13 training sessions were performed with low carbohydrate availability. In the HCHO group, all sessions were completed following previous carbohydrate intake to ensure high pre-exercise glycogen levels. In both groups, there was an increase in the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) (PCHO: 244.1 ± 29.9 W to 253.2 ± 28.4 W; p = 0.008; HCHO: 235.8 ± 21.4 W to 246.9 ± 16.7 W; p = 0.012) but not in the time to exhaustion at MLSS intensity. Both groups increased the percentage of muscle mass (PCHO: p = 0.021; HCHO: p = 0.042) and decreased the percent body fat (PCHO: p = 0.021; HCHO: p = 0.012). We found no differences in carbohydrate or lipid oxidation, heart rate, and post-exercise lactate concentration. Periodizing the CHO intake in well-trained cyclists during a 5-week intervention did not elicit superior results to an energy intake-matched high-carbohydrate diet in any of the measured outcomes.
Keywords: train low; carbohydrates; fat oxidation; performance; cycling; body composition train low; carbohydrates; fat oxidation; performance; cycling; body composition

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MDPI and ACS Style

Prieto-Bellver, G.; Diaz-Lara, J.; Bishop, D.J.; Fernández-Sáez, J.; Abián-Vicén, J.; San-Millan, I.; Santos-Concejero, J. A Five-Week Periodized Carbohydrate Diet Does Not Improve Maximal Lactate Steady-State Exercise Capacity and Substrate Oxidation in Well-Trained Cyclists compared to a High-Carbohydrate Diet. Nutrients 2024, 16, 318. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020318

AMA Style

Prieto-Bellver G, Diaz-Lara J, Bishop DJ, Fernández-Sáez J, Abián-Vicén J, San-Millan I, Santos-Concejero J. A Five-Week Periodized Carbohydrate Diet Does Not Improve Maximal Lactate Steady-State Exercise Capacity and Substrate Oxidation in Well-Trained Cyclists compared to a High-Carbohydrate Diet. Nutrients. 2024; 16(2):318. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020318

Chicago/Turabian Style

Prieto-Bellver, Gorka, Javier Diaz-Lara, David J. Bishop, José Fernández-Sáez, Javier Abián-Vicén, Iñigo San-Millan, and Jordan Santos-Concejero. 2024. "A Five-Week Periodized Carbohydrate Diet Does Not Improve Maximal Lactate Steady-State Exercise Capacity and Substrate Oxidation in Well-Trained Cyclists compared to a High-Carbohydrate Diet" Nutrients 16, no. 2: 318. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020318

APA Style

Prieto-Bellver, G., Diaz-Lara, J., Bishop, D. J., Fernández-Sáez, J., Abián-Vicén, J., San-Millan, I., & Santos-Concejero, J. (2024). A Five-Week Periodized Carbohydrate Diet Does Not Improve Maximal Lactate Steady-State Exercise Capacity and Substrate Oxidation in Well-Trained Cyclists compared to a High-Carbohydrate Diet. Nutrients, 16(2), 318. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020318

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