Perinatal Undernutrition, Metabolic Hormones, and Lung Development
Laboratory of Endocrinology (LabEndo), The Biomedical Research Centre (CINBIO), University of Vigo, Campus Universitario de Vigo (CUVI), 36310 Vigo, Spain
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Nutrients 2019, 11(12), 2870; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11122870
Received: 1 November 2019
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Revised: 18 November 2019
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Accepted: 20 November 2019
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Published: 23 November 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Respiratory Disease and Nutrition)
Maternal and perinatal undernutrition affects the lung development of litters and it may produce long-lasting alterations in respiratory health. This can be demonstrated using animal models and epidemiological studies. During pregnancy, maternal diet controls lung development by direct and indirect mechanisms. For sure, food intake and caloric restriction directly influence the whole body maturation and the lung. In addition, the maternal food intake during pregnancy controls mother, placenta, and fetal endocrine systems that regulate nutrient uptake and distribution to the fetus and pulmonary tissue development. There are several hormones involved in metabolic regulations, which may play an essential role in lung development during pregnancy. This review focuses on the effect of metabolic hormones in lung development and in how undernutrition alters the hormonal environment during pregnancy to disrupt normal lung maturation. We explore the role of GLP-1, ghrelin, and leptin, and also retinoids and cholecalciferol as hormones synthetized from diet precursors. Finally, we also address how metabolic hormones altered during pregnancy may affect lung pathophysiology in the adulthood.
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Keywords:
lung development; undernutrition; lung diseases; ghrelin; leptin; GLP-1; retinoids; cholecalciferol; fetal growth restriction; respiratory distress syndrome
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MDPI and ACS Style
Fandiño, J.; Toba, L.; González-Matías, L.C.; Diz-Chaves, Y.; Mallo, F. Perinatal Undernutrition, Metabolic Hormones, and Lung Development. Nutrients 2019, 11, 2870. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11122870
AMA Style
Fandiño J, Toba L, González-Matías LC, Diz-Chaves Y, Mallo F. Perinatal Undernutrition, Metabolic Hormones, and Lung Development. Nutrients. 2019; 11(12):2870. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11122870
Chicago/Turabian StyleFandiño, Juan, Laura Toba, Lucas C. González-Matías, Yolanda Diz-Chaves, and Federico Mallo. 2019. "Perinatal Undernutrition, Metabolic Hormones, and Lung Development" Nutrients 11, no. 12: 2870. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11122870
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