The Association between Sleep Duration and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration with Obesity in an Elderly Korean Population: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Subjects and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Participant Selection
2.2. Data Collection
2.3. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. General Characteristics
3.2. Obesity-Related Variables and Dietary Macronutrient Consumption by 25 (OH) D Concentration
3.3. Effect of 25 (OH) D Concentration and Sleep Duration on Obesity and Dietary Macronutrient Consumption
3.4. Combined Effect of 25 (OH) D Concentration and Sleep Duration on Obesity Risk According to Dietary Macronutrient Consumption
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sufficient ≥50 nmol/L (n = 1515) | Insufficient <50 nmol/L (n = 2242) | p-Value * | |
---|---|---|---|
Gender, men | 50.3 | 40.3 | <0.001 |
Age, years | 71.63 ± 0.17 | 71.60 ± 0.14 | 0.871 |
Education level, ≥high school | 20.3 | 21.2 | 0.923 |
Living together | 70.8 | 64.7 | <0.001 |
Income, 10,000 won/month | 253.41 ± 40.32 | 207.56 ± 9.67 | 0.268 |
Subjective stress, high | 18.4 | 21.6 | 0.051 |
Regular alcohol drinker | 40.5 | 34.6 | 0.006 |
Current smoker | 12.8 | 13.2 | 0.745 |
Supplement consumption, yes | 50.9 | 42.5 | <0.001 |
Regular physical activity | 46.9 | 46.2 | 0.718 |
Sufficient ≥50 nmol/L (n = 1515) | Insufficient <50 nmol/L (n = 2242) | p-Value * | |
---|---|---|---|
Sleep duration (h) | 6.67 ± 0.05 | 6.50 ± 0.04 | 0.005 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.65 ± 0.10 | 24.08 ± 0.09 | 0.001 |
WC (cm) | 83.59 ± 0.36 | 84.60 ± 0.26 | 0.014 |
SBP (mmHg) | 130.25 ± 0.63 | 130.89 ± 0.49 | 0.393 |
DBP (mmHg) | 74.78 ± 0.34 | 74.60 ± 0.29 | 0.683 |
FG (mg/dL) | 102.49 ± 0.64 | 104.68 ± 0.67 | 0.016 |
TG (mg/dL) | 136.12 ± 2.76 | 144.81 ± 2.50 | 0.019 |
TC (mg/dL) | 190.47 ± 1.22 | 190.20 ± 0.99 | 0.863 |
HDL-C (mg/dL) | 52.32 ± 0.40 | 52.35 ± 0.35 | 0.947 |
LDL-C (mg/dL) | 111.72 ± 1.20 | 109.61 ± 0.97 | 0.171 |
Dietary consumption | |||
Energy (kcal) | 1742.42 ± 19.13 | 1655.51 ± 15.56 | <0.001 |
%_CHO | 74.00 ± 0.37 | 74.28 ± 0.28 | 0.743 |
%_PRO | 12.73 ± 0.12 | 12.63 ± 0.10 | 0.501 |
%_FAT | 13.27 ± 0.33 | 13.15 ± 0.25 | 0.759 |
Sufficient ≥50 nmol/L | Insufficient <50 nmol/L | p-Value * | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
≥7 h/day (n = 833) | <7 h/day (n = 682) | ≥7 h/day (n = 833) | <7 h/day (n = 682) | ||
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.52 ± 0.13 | 23.81 ± 0.15 | 24.01 ± 0.11 | 24.14 ± 0.13 | 0.004 |
WC (cm) | 83.47 ± 0.41 | 83.75 ± 0.46 | 84.35 ± 0.34 | 84.83 ± 0.35 | 0.063 |
SBP (mmHg) | 130.45 ± 0.82 | 130.01 ± 0.82 | 130.78 ± 0.67 | 130.99 ± 0.64 | 0.073 |
DBP (mmHg) | 75.01 ± 0.44 | 74.50 ± 0.48 | 74.34 ± 0.38 | 74.86 ± 0.36 | 0.544 |
FG (mg/dL) | 102.05 ± 0.81 | 103.04 ± 1.00 | 105.21 ± 0.98 | 104.16 ± 0.88 | 0.075 |
TG (mg/dL) | 138.63 ± 4.18 | 133.23 ± 3.84 | 147.86 ± 3.49 | 141.82 ± 3.60 | 0.041 |
TC (mg/dL) | 191.21 ± 1.65 | 189.60 ± 1.71 | 190.08 ± 1.40 | 190.30 ± 1.40 | 0.915 |
HDL-C (mg/dL) | 52.45 ± 0.56 | 52.16 ± 0.55 | 51.93 ± 0.46 | 52.75 ± 0.53 | 0.682 |
Dietary consumption | |||||
Energy (kcal) | 1795.42 ± 23.36 | 1681.40 ± 28.13 | 1626.95 ± 21.46 | 1681.69 ± 20.60 | <0.001 |
%_CHO | 73.79 ± 0.51 | 74.25 ± 0.49 | 74.65 ± 0.40 | 73.83 ± 0.37 | 0.364 |
%_PRO | 12.74 ± 0.16 | 12.73 ± 0.17 | 12.72 ± 0.13 | 12.53 ± 0.13 | 0.6 |
%_FAT | 13.48 ± 0.44 | 13.03 ± 0.44 | 12.63 ± 0.34 | 13.64 ± 0.34 | 0.138 |
Vitamin D ≥50 nmol/L | Vitamin D <50 nmol/L | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sleep Duration ≥7 h | Sleep Duration <7 h | Sleep Duration ≥7 h | Sleep Duration <7 h | |||
Energy | Low | Reference | 1.398 | 1.399 | 1.473 | 0.129 |
(0.899–2.174) | (0.936–2.091) | (0.989–2.193) | ||||
High | Reference | 0.958 | 1.22 | 1.339 | 0.231 | |
(0.676–1.359) | (0.874–1.702) | (0.943–1.900) | ||||
CHO | Low | Reference | 0.949 | 1.216 | 1.268 | 0.333 |
(0.646–1.393) | (0.854–1.731) | (0.888–1.811) | ||||
High | Reference | 1.43 | 1.41 | 1.522 | 0.109 | |
(0.933–2.192) | (0.990–2.008) | (1.080–2.146) | ||||
Protein | Low | Reference | 1.59 | 1.645 | 1.668 | 0.201 |
(1.041–2.430) * | (1.155–2.344) * | (1.156–2.406) * | ||||
High | Reference | 0.858 | 1.066 | 1.187 | 0.316 | |
(0.576–1.278) | (0.740–1.535) | (0.831–1.696) | ||||
Fat | Low | Reference | 1.357 | 1.244 | 1.372 | 0.345 |
(0.883–2.085) | (0.873–1.774) | (0.964–1.954) | ||||
High | Reference | 0.971 | 1.351 | 1.374 | 0.999 | |
(0.650–1.450) | (0.957–1.907) | (0.970–1.945) |
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Doo, M. The Association between Sleep Duration and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration with Obesity in an Elderly Korean Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2018, 10, 575. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10050575
Doo M. The Association between Sleep Duration and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration with Obesity in an Elderly Korean Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients. 2018; 10(5):575. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10050575
Chicago/Turabian StyleDoo, Miae. 2018. "The Association between Sleep Duration and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration with Obesity in an Elderly Korean Population: A Cross-Sectional Study" Nutrients 10, no. 5: 575. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10050575