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Remote Sensing
Volume 13
Issue 21
10.3390/rs13214491
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Article

Clouds’ Microphysical Properties and Their Relationship with Lightning Activity in Northeast Brazil

by
Lizandro Pereira de Abreu
1,2,*,
Weber Andrade Gonçalves
2,3,
Enrique Vieira Mattos
4,
Pedro Rodrigues Mutti
2,3,
Daniele Torres Rodrigues
2,5 and
Marcos Paulo Araújo da Silva
6
1
Instituto Federal do Piauí (IFPI), Campus Corrente, Rua 06, S/N, Nova Corrente, Corrente 64980-000, Brazil
2
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Climáticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
3
Departamento de Ciências Atmosféricas e Climáticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
4
Instituto de Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI), Av. BPS, 1303, Itajubá 37500-903, Brazil
5
Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Av. Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella, Ininga, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil
6
CommSensLab-UPC, Department of Signal Theory and Communications (TSC), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Campus Nord, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Filomena Romano
Remote Sens. 2021, 13(21), 4491; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214491
Received: 31 August 2021 / Revised: 9 October 2021 / Accepted: 10 October 2021 / Published: 8 November 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Satellite Microwave Remote Sensing for Severe Storms Detection)
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Abstract

The Northeast region of Brazil (NEB) has a high rate of deaths from lightning strikes (18% of the country’s total). The region has states, such as Piauí, with high mortality rates (1.8 deaths per million), much higher than the national rate (0.8) and the NEB rate (0.5). In this sense, the present work analyzes the microphysical characteristics of clouds with and without the occurrence of total lightning. For this purpose, data from the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS), TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI) and Precipitation Radar (PR), aboard the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite from 1998 to 2013 were used. The TRMM data were analyzed to establish a relationship between the occurrence of lightning and the clouds’ microphysical characteristics, comparing them as a function of lightning occurrence classes, spatial location and atmospheric profiles. A higher lightning occurrence is associated with higher values of ice water path (>38.9 kg m−2), rain water path (>2 kg m−2), convective precipitation (>5 mm h−1) and surface precipitation (>7 mm h−1), in addition to slightly higher freezing level height values. Reflectivity observations (>36 dBZ) demonstrated typical convective profile curves, with higher values associated with classes with higher lightning densities (class with more than 6.8 flash km−2 year−1). View Full-Text
Keywords: LIS; TRMM; cloud microphysics; thunderclouds; remote sensing LIS; TRMM; cloud microphysics; thunderclouds; remote sensing
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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MDPI and ACS Style

de Abreu, L.P.; Gonçalves, W.A.; Mattos, E.V.; Mutti, P.R.; Rodrigues, D.T.; da Silva, M.P.A. Clouds’ Microphysical Properties and Their Relationship with Lightning Activity in Northeast Brazil. Remote Sens. 2021, 13, 4491. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214491

AMA Style

de Abreu LP, Gonçalves WA, Mattos EV, Mutti PR, Rodrigues DT, da Silva MPA. Clouds’ Microphysical Properties and Their Relationship with Lightning Activity in Northeast Brazil. Remote Sensing. 2021; 13(21):4491. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214491

Chicago/Turabian Style

de Abreu, Lizandro Pereira, Weber Andrade Gonçalves, Enrique Vieira Mattos, Pedro Rodrigues Mutti, Daniele Torres Rodrigues, and Marcos Paulo Araújo da Silva. 2021. "Clouds’ Microphysical Properties and Their Relationship with Lightning Activity in Northeast Brazil" Remote Sensing 13, no. 21: 4491. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214491

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