Energy Generation from Horse Husbandry Residues by Anaerobic Digestion, Combustion, and an Integrated Approach
Department of Grassland Science and Renewable Plant Resources, Universität Kassel, Steinstrasse 19, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany
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Academic Editor: Marc Rosen
Sustainability 2017, 9(3), 358; https://doi.org/10.3390/su9030358
Received: 21 October 2016
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Accepted: 17 February 2017
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Published: 28 February 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomass Energy Conversion)
Horse-related activities often occur close to urban areas, where acreage for horse manure disposal is scarce, and subsequently alternative recovery options are necessary. Anaerobic digestion, direct combustion, and the integrated generation of solid fuel and biogas from biomass (IFBB) process are potential techniques focusing on energy provision. In this study, samples of horse faeces were analysed for chemical composition as pure feedstock and in mixture with straw or wood shavings, as well as for energy yield by biogas production or from combustion of solid fuel. It was observed that chemical properties of faeces, in a mixture with wood shavings, were promising for direct combustion, but achieved low methane yields. The methane yield of pure faeces and the straw mixture was 222.33 ± 13.60 and 233.01 ± 31.32 lN·kg-1 volatile solids (VS)added, respectively. The IFBB process divided the biomass into a press cake with reduced mineral concentration and a press fluid. Methane yields of press fluids were low (108.2 lN·kg-1 VSadded, on average). The chemical composition of the press cake allowed for combustion and led to a higher gross energy potential than anaerobic digestion (two-fold higher for pure manure and the mixture with straw, and five-fold higher for the mixture with shavings). Consequently, the gross energy potential of IFBB is higher compared to anaerobic digestion, however it should be noted that local conditions might favour the implementation of anaerobic digestion.
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Keywords:
bioenergy; IFBB; horse faeces; stall waste; horse manure; equine waste
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MDPI and ACS Style
Nitsche, M.; Hensgen, F.; Wachendorf, M. Energy Generation from Horse Husbandry Residues by Anaerobic Digestion, Combustion, and an Integrated Approach. Sustainability 2017, 9, 358. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9030358
AMA Style
Nitsche M, Hensgen F, Wachendorf M. Energy Generation from Horse Husbandry Residues by Anaerobic Digestion, Combustion, and an Integrated Approach. Sustainability. 2017; 9(3):358. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9030358
Chicago/Turabian StyleNitsche, Meike, Frank Hensgen, and Michael Wachendorf. 2017. "Energy Generation from Horse Husbandry Residues by Anaerobic Digestion, Combustion, and an Integrated Approach" Sustainability 9, no. 3: 358. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9030358
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