Correction: Cingiz et al. A Cross-Country Measurement of the EU Bioeconomy: An Input–Output Approach. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3033

In the original published article [1], the authors identified a coding error that affected the calculation of certain absolute values presented in the paper. While the relative comparisons and main conclusions of the paper remain unaffected, this correction provides the updated values:

1. 

Corrections from Table 2 to Equations (8) and (9):

In the original publication, values in Table 2 were reported in US Dollars instead of Euros, and there was a typo in the final demand. The corrected Table 2 presents values in Euros and includes the corrected final demand. The content from Table 2 (“Two industry Netherlands IO tables 2015”) through Equations (8) and (9), including the associated text, has been corrected as follows:

Table 2. Two industry Netherlands IO tables 2015.

	S1	F	Final Demand	Exports	Total Output
S1	3877.9	175.7	5948.7	11,939.6	29,416.5
F	155.3	5691.8	69,576.5	603.1	84,082.2
Imports	7573	533.7
Total Input	18,213.6	55,625
Value Added	11,202.8	28,457.2
Total Output	29,416.5	84,082.2

Table 2. Two industry Netherlands IO tables 2015.

	S1	F	Final Demand	Exports	Total Output
S1	3877.9	175.7	5948.7	11,939.6	29,416.5
F	155.3	5691.8	69,576.5	603.1	84,082.2
Imports	7573	533.7
Total Input	18,213.6	55,625
Value Added	11,202.8	28,457.2
Total Output	29,416.5	84,082.2

Note that input from construction to all the industries cannot be shown in the truncated IO table so we provide here, ${\sum }_k{I}_{construction, k}^{2015}=\mathrm{14,428}.$ Now we can calculate the downstream and upstream effects (all values are in million Euros.)

$$D_{construction}^{2015}={\displaystyle \frac{{\sum }_i\left(I_{ij}^t\right)}{I_{construction}^{2015}}}\times V_{construction}^{2015}={\displaystyle \frac{175.7}{\mathrm{55,625}}}\times \mathrm{28,457.2}=89.8$$

(8)

Assume there are fixed binary ratios between value added, output and input. Now we deduct the calculated downstream effect from the value added of construction, which gives us $\mathrm{28,457.2}\times (1-{\displaystyle \frac{175.7}{\mathrm{55,625}}})=\mathrm{28,367.3}$. Then the upstream calculation is as follows:

$$\begin{gathered} U_{construction}^{2015}={\displaystyle \frac{I_{construction,S1}^{2015}}{{\sum }_k{I}_{construction, k}^{2015}+F\left(construction,2015\right)+E\left(construction,2015\right)}}\times \\ (1-{\displaystyle \frac{175.7}{\mathrm{55,625}}})V_{construction}^{2015}={\displaystyle \frac{155.3}{\mathrm{14,428}+\mathrm{69,576.5}+603.1}} \mathrm{28,367.3}=52.1. \end{gathered}$$

(9)

2. 

Figures 10, 11, 15 and 16:

The affected values in Figures 10, 11, 15 and 16 caused by the coding error have been corrected. The corrected Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 15 and Figure 16 appear below.

Figure 10. Netherlands downstream value added between 2005 and 2015.

Figure 10. Netherlands downstream value added between 2005 and 2015.

Figure 11. Netherlands upstream value added between 2005 and 2015.

Figure 11. Netherlands upstream value added between 2005 and 2015.

Figure 15. EU Member States downstream bioeconomy value added 2005–2015.

Figure 15. EU Member States downstream bioeconomy value added 2005–2015.

Figure 16. EU Member States upstream bioeconomy value added 2005–2015.

Figure 16. EU Member States upstream bioeconomy value added 2005–2015.

3. 

Appendix A:

A new paragraph has been added below Appendix A:

“For updated figures of the Appendix A, please visit the dashboard website https://datam.jrc.ec.europa.eu/datam/mashup/BM_BIOECONOMIC_SHARES_2018_IO_TABLES/ (accessed on 8 May 2026).”

The link provided in the published article [1] includes the results using 2023 OECD IO Tables https://datam.jrc.ec.europa.eu/datam/mashup/BM_BIECONOMIC_SHARES/index.html (accessed on 8 May 2026).

The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated.