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Sustainability
Volume 18
Issue 1
10.3390/su18010129
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

The Influence of Land Use on Seasonal Variation in Soil Properties, Microbial Activity, and Bioactive Acid Accumulation in Taraxacum officinale and Plantago major

by
Monika Gąsecka
1,*,
Zuzanna Magdziak
1,
Agnieszka Mocek-Płóciniak
2,
Ewa Błońska
3 and
Jarosław Lasota
3
1
Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland
2
Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Szydłowska 50, 60-656 Poznań, Poland
3
Department of Ecology and Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Krakow, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2026, 18(1), 129; https://doi.org/10.3390/su18010129
Submission received: 13 November 2025 / Revised: 10 December 2025 / Accepted: 13 December 2025 / Published: 22 December 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Pollution, Soil Ecology and Sustainable Land Use)
Versions Notes

Abstract

(1) Background: Plantago major and Taraxacum officinale exhibit high tolerance to soil pollution and are recognised as bioindicators of soil quality. The objectives of the study were to investigate (i) the physicochemical and microbiological properties of rhizosphere soil beneath P. major and T. officinale in different land uses, (ii) the accumulation of elements, phenolic and organic acids in soil as well as in the plants, and (iii) the relationships between these parameters. (2) Methods: Samples were collected from three locations: the sediment retention area, the post-mining area, and the recreational area in May and September. (3) Results: Significant seasonal differences were observed in soil parameters, enzymatic activity, microbial abundance, and the contents of elements, organic acids, and phenolic acids between plant species and sampling areas, with changes reaching several hundred per cent. Correlations were found between dehydrogenase and organic matter, S, Al, Co, Cr, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P; and phosphatases and Al, Co, Cr, Fe, Mg, Ni, and Mn; as well as between total phenolic content and phosphatases; syringic acid and dehydrogenase; and alkaline phosphatase and lactic and citric acids. (4) Conclusions: The results suggest that plant–soil interactions, in relation to land use, influence rhizosphere biochemistry, thereby impacting soil health and supporting ecosystem recovery.
Keywords: heavy metal; phenolic acids; organic acids; enzymatic activity; correlations heavy metal; phenolic acids; organic acids; enzymatic activity; correlations

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MDPI and ACS Style

Gąsecka, M.; Magdziak, Z.; Mocek-Płóciniak, A.; Błońska, E.; Lasota, J. The Influence of Land Use on Seasonal Variation in Soil Properties, Microbial Activity, and Bioactive Acid Accumulation in Taraxacum officinale and Plantago major. Sustainability 2026, 18, 129. https://doi.org/10.3390/su18010129

AMA Style

Gąsecka M, Magdziak Z, Mocek-Płóciniak A, Błońska E, Lasota J. The Influence of Land Use on Seasonal Variation in Soil Properties, Microbial Activity, and Bioactive Acid Accumulation in Taraxacum officinale and Plantago major. Sustainability. 2026; 18(1):129. https://doi.org/10.3390/su18010129

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gąsecka, Monika, Zuzanna Magdziak, Agnieszka Mocek-Płóciniak, Ewa Błońska, and Jarosław Lasota. 2026. "The Influence of Land Use on Seasonal Variation in Soil Properties, Microbial Activity, and Bioactive Acid Accumulation in Taraxacum officinale and Plantago major" Sustainability 18, no. 1: 129. https://doi.org/10.3390/su18010129

APA Style

Gąsecka, M., Magdziak, Z., Mocek-Płóciniak, A., Błońska, E., & Lasota, J. (2026). The Influence of Land Use on Seasonal Variation in Soil Properties, Microbial Activity, and Bioactive Acid Accumulation in Taraxacum officinale and Plantago major. Sustainability, 18(1), 129. https://doi.org/10.3390/su18010129

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