Model-Based Selection of Cost-Effective Low Impact Development Strategies to Control Water Balance
Graz University of Technology, Institute of Urban Water Management and Landscape Water Engineering, Stremayrgasse 10/I, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Sustainability 2019, 11(8), 2440; https://doi.org/10.3390/su11082440
Received: 4 April 2019 / Revised: 16 April 2019 / Accepted: 18 April 2019 / Published: 25 April 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nature-Based Solutions for Restoration of Ecosystems and Sustainable Urban Development)
Urbanization induces an increase of runoff volume and decrease of evapotranspiration and groundwater recharge. Low impact development (LID) strategies aim to mitigate these adverse impacts. Hydrologic simulation is a reasonable option to assess the LID performance with respect to the water balance and is applicable to planning purposes. Current LID design approaches are based on design storm events and focus on the runoff volume and peak, neglecting evapotranspiration and groundwater recharge. This contribution presents a model-based design approach for the selection of cost-effective LID strategies. The method is based on monitored precipitation time series and considers the complete water balance and life-cycle-costs, as well as the demand for land. The efficiency of LID strategies (ELID) is introduced as an evaluation measure which also accounts for emphasizing different goals. The results show that there exist several pareto-optimal LID strategies providing a reasonable basis for decision-making. Additionally, the application of LID treatment trains emerges as an option of high potential.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Leimgruber, J.; Krebs, G.; Camhy, D.; Muschalla, D. Model-Based Selection of Cost-Effective Low Impact Development Strategies to Control Water Balance. Sustainability 2019, 11, 2440. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11082440
AMA Style
Leimgruber J, Krebs G, Camhy D, Muschalla D. Model-Based Selection of Cost-Effective Low Impact Development Strategies to Control Water Balance. Sustainability. 2019; 11(8):2440. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11082440
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeimgruber, Johannes, Gerald Krebs, David Camhy, and Dirk Muschalla. 2019. "Model-Based Selection of Cost-Effective Low Impact Development Strategies to Control Water Balance" Sustainability 11, no. 8: 2440. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11082440
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