The Impact of the Thermal Comfort Models on the Prediction of Building Energy Consumption
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- The predicted mean vote (PMV) and the predicted percentage dissatisfied (PPD) models, which are also adopted by Comité European de Normalization (CEN) and by International Standardization Organization (ISO) standards.
- Adaptive thermal comfort models.
2. Methodology
2.1. The Mathematics Behind PMV
- ta: Air temperature [°C]
- V: Relative air velocity inside the room [m/s]
- fcl: Clothing factor, accounting for the relative increase in the clothed body surface over that of the unclothed body
- Icl: Clothing insulation [clo]
- Rcl: Clothing thermal insulation (m2 K/W)
- hc: Convective heat transfer coefficient (W/m2)
- e: 10
- W: External work (assumed = 0 W/m2)
- tr: Mean radiant temperature [°C]
- Met: Metabolic index [58.2 W/m2] or [met]
- tcl: Surface temperature of clothing [°C]
- pa: Partial pressure of water [KPa].
2.2. Adaptive Thermal Comfort
- To: The average of the outdoor air temperature for the previous 30 days (°C).
- Tc: Comfortable temperature (°C).
2.3. Full-Scale Test Modules
- Door; heavily insulated door in the southern wall, to eliminate any heat losses and allow easy access to the module.
- Window; in the northern wall of each module is a 6.38-mm laminated clear glass window, in a light-colored aluminum frame.
- Roof; 10 mm plasterboard ceiling with R3.5 glass wool batt insulation (thermal resistance of 3.5 m2·K/W) between rafters. Concrete and clay tiled roof with sarking insulation.
- Slab; concrete covers the whole building floor, with 100-mm thickness.
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Unit | Range of PMV/PPD (ISO Standard 7730) | Note |
---|---|---|---|
Metabolic rate | Met (W/m2) | 0.8–4.0 | 1 for seated and 1.7 for cooking |
Clothing insulation | Clo (m2 K/W) | 0.0–2.0 | 0.5 for the hot days and 1.3 for the cold |
Mean radiant temperature | °C | 10.0–30.0 | Close to the outside air temperature |
Air temperature | °C | 10.0–30.0 | Recorded inside each module |
Air velocity | m/s | 0.0–1.0 | Main driver for air is natural circulation |
Air humidity | % | 55–80 | Recorded at 9 a.m. and 3 p.m. |
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Albatayneh, A.; Alterman, D.; Page, A.; Moghtaderi, B. The Impact of the Thermal Comfort Models on the Prediction of Building Energy Consumption. Sustainability 2018, 10, 3609. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103609
Albatayneh A, Alterman D, Page A, Moghtaderi B. The Impact of the Thermal Comfort Models on the Prediction of Building Energy Consumption. Sustainability. 2018; 10(10):3609. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103609
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlbatayneh, Aiman, Dariusz Alterman, Adrian Page, and Behdad Moghtaderi. 2018. "The Impact of the Thermal Comfort Models on the Prediction of Building Energy Consumption" Sustainability 10, no. 10: 3609. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103609