Urinary Incontinence and Quality of Life in Women of Central Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Study Design
2.1. Targeted Population
2.2. Ethical Considerations
2.3. Methodology
2.4. Data Processing and Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Participant’s Demographic
3.2. Participant’s Gynecological History
3.3. UI Prevalence
3.4. Risk Factors Associated with UI
3.5. Effect of UI on the QoL
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
References
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The Variables | Frequency N | Percentage (%) |
---|---|---|
Part 1: The Sociodemographic Data | ||
Age | ||
20–30 | 40 | 31.3 |
30–40 | 58 | 45.3 |
40–50 | 25 | 19.5 |
50–60 | 4 | 3.1 |
Above 60 | 1 | 0.8 |
Marital status | ||
Married | 124 | 96.9 |
Single | 4 | 3.1 |
Education level | ||
Master’s degree | 4 | 3.1 |
Bachelor of Science | 75 | 58.6 |
Diploma | 30 | 23.4 |
High school | 18 | 14.1 |
Other | 1 | 0.8 |
Body mass index | ||
Obese (30 and above) | 50 | 39.1 |
Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 59 | 56.1 |
Healthy (18.5–24.5) | 18 | 14.1 |
Underweight (below 18.5) | 1 | 0.8 |
Smoking | ||
No | 116 | 90.6 |
Yes | 12 | 9.4 |
Income salary | ||
<500 JOD | 46 | 35.9 |
>1000 JOD | 32 | 25.0 |
500–1000 | 50 | 39.1 |
Part 2: The gynecologically data | ||
Number of vaginal births | ||
0 | 33 | 25.8 |
1 | 9 | 7.0 |
2 | 25 | 19.5 |
3 | 31 | 24.2 |
4 | 24 | 18.8 |
5 | 6 | 4.7 |
Number of Cesarean deliveries | ||
0 | 81 | 63.3 |
1 | 29 | 22.7 |
2 | 10 | 7.8 |
3 | 5 | 3.9 |
4 | 0 | 0 |
5 | 3 | 2.3 |
Numbers of miscarriages | ||
0 | 73 | 57.0 |
1 | 26 | 20.3 |
2 | 21 | 16.4 |
3 | 7 | 5.5 |
4 | 1 | 0.8 |
The Variables | Percentage of Responses (Frequency) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Part 3: Prevalence of UI | Never | Little | Medium | A Lot |
1. Do you have increase in urination frequency? | 14.8% (19) | 33.6% (43) | 34.4% (44) | 17.2% (22) |
2. Do you feel the urge to urinate? | 19.5% (25) | 35.2% (45) | 33.6% (43) | 10.9% (14) |
3. Do you have incontinence during high physical effort (such as coughing, sneezing, movement)? | 19.5% (25) | 38.3% (49) | 31.3% (40) | 10.9% (14) |
4. Do you have mild incontinence (few drops of urine)? | 24.2% (31) | 36.7% (47) | 29.7% (38) | 9.4% (12) |
5. Do you have urine sack (difficulty in emptying the bladder)? | 29.7% (38) | 33.6% (43) | 28.1% (36) | 8.6% (11) |
6. Do you have lower back pain/ bottom vulva pain? | 14.1% (18) | 41.4% (53) | 31.3% (40) | 11.7% (15) |
Score Grid | Total frequency (N) | Percentage (%) | ||
0–6 (mild UI) | 69 | 54.33 | ||
7–12 (moderate UI) | 45 | 35.43 | ||
13–18 (severe UI) | 13 | 10.24 |
The Variables | Percentage of Responses (Frequency) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Part 4: Impact of UI on QoL | Never | Little | Medium | A Lot |
7. Does the incontinence affect your ability to do chores (cooking, house cleaning, washing cloths)? | 23.4% (30) | 33.6% (43) | 33.6% (43) | 9.4% (12) |
8. Does the incontinence affect your physical activities that need body movement like swimming or walking or praying or shopping? | 22.7% (29) | 42.2% (54) | 28.1% (36) | 7% (9) |
9. Does the incontinence affect the sedentary recreation activities? | 28.1% (36) | 38.3% (49) | 27.3% (35) | 6.3% (8) |
10. Does the incontinence affect your ability to ride a car or bus for more than 20 min? | 20.3% (26) | 38.3% (49) | 31.3% (40) | 10.2% (13) |
11. Does your incontinence affect your social outdoor participation? | 24.2% (31) | 35.2% (45) | 34.4% (44) | 6.3% (8) |
12. Do you feel depresses due to incontinence? | 25% (32) | 39.8% (51) | 28.9% (37) | 6.3% (8) |
Score Grid | Total frequency (N) | Percentage (%) | ||
0–6 (null-mild effect) | 74 | 58.27 | ||
7–12 (moderate effect) | 46 | 36.22 | ||
13–18 (severe effect) | 8 | 6.30 |
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Abu-Huwaij, R.; Al-Shalabi, R.; Alkhader, E.; Almasri, F.N. Urinary Incontinence and Quality of Life in Women of Central Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Study. Clin. Pract. 2024, 14, 1921-1930. https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract14050152
Abu-Huwaij R, Al-Shalabi R, Alkhader E, Almasri FN. Urinary Incontinence and Quality of Life in Women of Central Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Study. Clinics and Practice. 2024; 14(5):1921-1930. https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract14050152
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbu-Huwaij, Rana, Rolla Al-Shalabi, Enas Alkhader, and Farah N. Almasri. 2024. "Urinary Incontinence and Quality of Life in Women of Central Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Study" Clinics and Practice 14, no. 5: 1921-1930. https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract14050152