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Article

Quality Control, Phytochemical Profile, and Antibacterial Effect of Origanum compactum Benth. Essential Oil from Morocco

by
Mouhcine Hayani
1,
Noureddine Bencheikh
2,
Atika Ailli
1,
Mohamed Bouhrim
2,*,
Amine Elbouzidi
3,
Hayat Ouassou
2,
Loubna Kharchoufa
2,
Abdellah Baraich
2,
Aziza Atbir
1,
Fatima Zahra Ayyad
1,
Aziz Drioiche
1,
Mohamed Addi
3,
Christophe Hano
4 and
Touriya Zair
1,*
1
Research Team on the Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, B.P. 298, Meknes 11201, Morocco
2
Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, B.P. 717, Oujda 60040, Morocco
3
Laboratory for Agricultural Productions Improvement, Biotechnology, and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohammed Premier, B.P. 524, Oujda 60000, Morocco
4
Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRAE USC1328, Campus Eure et Loir, Orleans University, 45067 Orleans, France
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Plant Biol. 2022, 13(4), 546-560; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijpb13040044
Submission received: 20 October 2022 / Revised: 18 November 2022 / Accepted: 21 November 2022 / Published: 24 November 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Effects of Biotic and Abiotic Stressors on Plant Secondary Metabolites)
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Abstract

Origanum compactum Benth (O. compactum) is widely used traditionally in Morocco to treat a broad range of illnesses, including infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical composition, quality control, and antibacterial activity of O. compactum leaf and flower essential oil. First, a quality control study on soil and irrigation water was performed to determine whether there was any risk of heavy metals endangering human health or causing stress to the plants studied. Laboratory examination of the environmental quality of the researched species revealed an almost absolute absence of metals that could endanger human health or any abiotic stressor. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation. Chemical characterization was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The yield of essential oil (EO) obtained by hydrodistillation of O. compactum leaves and flowers and moisture content were 4.27% and 12.20%, respectively. GC/MS identified 35 volatile compounds in the studied EO majorly composed of thymol (38.59%) followed by carvacrol (26.65%), o-cymene (14.33), and γ-terpinene (11.22%). The antibacterial activity of O. compactum leaf and flower essential oil was evaluated using the solid-state diffusion method against five Gram-negative bacterial strains and a Gram-positive strain. The results show that the essential oil of O. compactum leaves and flowers has a considerable inhibitory effect against E. coli with an MIC = 0.35 µg/mL, E. pseudocoloides (MIC = 0.35 µg/mL), E. vekanda (MIC = 0.35 µg/mL), K. pneumoniae (MIC = 0.7 µg/mL), P. aeruginosa (MIC = 0.35 µg/mL), and S. aureus (MIC = 0.35 µg/mL).
Keywords: Origanum compactum L.; essential oil; quality control; phytochemical; antibacterial activity Origanum compactum L.; essential oil; quality control; phytochemical; antibacterial activity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hayani, M.; Bencheikh, N.; Ailli, A.; Bouhrim, M.; Elbouzidi, A.; Ouassou, H.; Kharchoufa, L.; Baraich, A.; Atbir, A.; Ayyad, F.Z.; et al. Quality Control, Phytochemical Profile, and Antibacterial Effect of Origanum compactum Benth. Essential Oil from Morocco. Int. J. Plant Biol. 2022, 13, 546-560. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijpb13040044

AMA Style

Hayani M, Bencheikh N, Ailli A, Bouhrim M, Elbouzidi A, Ouassou H, Kharchoufa L, Baraich A, Atbir A, Ayyad FZ, et al. Quality Control, Phytochemical Profile, and Antibacterial Effect of Origanum compactum Benth. Essential Oil from Morocco. International Journal of Plant Biology. 2022; 13(4):546-560. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijpb13040044

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hayani, Mouhcine, Noureddine Bencheikh, Atika Ailli, Mohamed Bouhrim, Amine Elbouzidi, Hayat Ouassou, Loubna Kharchoufa, Abdellah Baraich, Aziza Atbir, Fatima Zahra Ayyad, and et al. 2022. "Quality Control, Phytochemical Profile, and Antibacterial Effect of Origanum compactum Benth. Essential Oil from Morocco" International Journal of Plant Biology 13, no. 4: 546-560. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijpb13040044

APA Style

Hayani, M., Bencheikh, N., Ailli, A., Bouhrim, M., Elbouzidi, A., Ouassou, H., Kharchoufa, L., Baraich, A., Atbir, A., Ayyad, F. Z., Drioiche, A., Addi, M., Hano, C., & Zair, T. (2022). Quality Control, Phytochemical Profile, and Antibacterial Effect of Origanum compactum Benth. Essential Oil from Morocco. International Journal of Plant Biology, 13(4), 546-560. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijpb13040044

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