Anti-MOG Positive Bilateral Optic Neuritis and Brainstem Encephalitis Secondary to COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Case Presentation
3. Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Author (Year) | Age (Years)/Ethnicity/Sex (Male/Female) | Method of COVID-19 Diagnosis | COVID-19 Symptoms | Hospitalization (Yes/No) | Time of Onset of Neurological Manifestations from COVID-19 Diagnosis | Neurological Manifestations | MOG-Antibody Method of Detection | Treatment | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
de Ruijter et al. (2020) | 15/Caucasian/Male | not confirmed | fever, nausea and cough | NM | Few weeks | Subacute vision loss with photopsias and frontal continuous headache | NM | IVMP 1 g/day for three days | Symptoms resolved |
Zhou et al. (2020) | 26/Hispanic/Male | nasal and oropharyngeal swabs (RT-PCR) | dry cough | Yes | Few days | Bilateral, subacute, sequential vision loss first affecting the left eye, then the right eye 3 days later | MOG-IgG cell-based assays | IVMP 1 g/day for five days | Visual acuity improved rapidly |
Sawalha et al. (2020) | 44/Hispanic/Male | nasopharyngeal swabs (RNA PCR) and serum (IgG abs) | shortness of breath and cough | No | Two weeks | Right eye pain that had progressed to his left eye along with bilateral blurring of vision leading to a complete vision loss | NM | IVMP 1 g/day for five days | Complete restoration of vision in the left eye with remarkable but not complete vision recovery in the right eye |
Zoric et al. (2021) | 63/NM/Male | serology was positive for IgM and IgG antibodies against the virus | fatigue, shortness of breath, dry cough and fever | Yes | Four weeks | Right eye blurred vision | Indirect immunofluorescence (MOG antibodies) | IVMP 1 g/day for five days with prednisone tapering therapy for two weeks | Visual acuity was improved, and disk edema was resolved entirely |
Khan et al. (2021) | 11/NM/Male | nasopharyngeal swab was positive by CBNAAT | redness and ophthalmodynia in both eyes four days after a brief febrile illness | Yes | Two weeks | Loss of vision in the right eye | NM | Pulse methylprednisolone with oral steroids continued and tapered over 12 weeks | Visual acuity was improved |
Kogure et al. (2021) | 47/Japanese/Male | nasal and oropharyngeal swabs (PCR) | asymptomatic | Yes | N/A | Left eye pain and an upper-visual-field defect | MOG-immunoglobulin G (MOG-IgG) testing in blood | IVMP 1 g/day for a total of 3 days, followed by an oral prednisolone tape | Visual acuity subsequently improved |
Peters et al. (2021) | 23/NM/Male | nasopharyngeal PCR testing | asymptomatic | Yes | N/A | Progressive headache associated with dysesthesias fatigue, inattention, cognitive slowing, fevers, generalized seizures | MOG-IgG via FACS | IVMP 1 g/day for five days | Cognitive improvement |
Durovic et al. (2021) | 22/NM/Male | PCR testing | severe headache, fever, neck stiffness, general weakness, and a loss of smell and taste | Ten days | Headache, neck rigidity | Serum MOG-IgG (live-cell assay) * | IVMP 1 g/day for five days | Symptoms resolved |
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Tsouris, Z.; Provatas, A.; Bakirtzis, C.; Aloizou, A.-M.; Siokas, V.; Tsimourtou, V.; Grigoriadis, N.; Hadjigeorgiou, G.M.; Dardiotis, E. Anti-MOG Positive Bilateral Optic Neuritis and Brainstem Encephalitis Secondary to COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report. Neurol. Int. 2022, 14, 991-996. https://doi.org/10.3390/neurolint14040078
Tsouris Z, Provatas A, Bakirtzis C, Aloizou A-M, Siokas V, Tsimourtou V, Grigoriadis N, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Dardiotis E. Anti-MOG Positive Bilateral Optic Neuritis and Brainstem Encephalitis Secondary to COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report. Neurology International. 2022; 14(4):991-996. https://doi.org/10.3390/neurolint14040078
Chicago/Turabian StyleTsouris, Zisis, Antonios Provatas, Christos Bakirtzis, Athina-Maria Aloizou, Vasileios Siokas, Vana Tsimourtou, Nikolaos Grigoriadis, Georgios M. Hadjigeorgiou, and Efthimios Dardiotis. 2022. "Anti-MOG Positive Bilateral Optic Neuritis and Brainstem Encephalitis Secondary to COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report" Neurology International 14, no. 4: 991-996. https://doi.org/10.3390/neurolint14040078
APA StyleTsouris, Z., Provatas, A., Bakirtzis, C., Aloizou, A. -M., Siokas, V., Tsimourtou, V., Grigoriadis, N., Hadjigeorgiou, G. M., & Dardiotis, E. (2022). Anti-MOG Positive Bilateral Optic Neuritis and Brainstem Encephalitis Secondary to COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report. Neurology International, 14(4), 991-996. https://doi.org/10.3390/neurolint14040078