Crystallization of Slag Films of CaO-Al2O3-BaO-CaF2-Li2O-Based Mold Fluxes for High-Aluminum Steels’ Continuous Casting

Long, Xiao; Long, Shaolei; Luo, Wenbo; Li, Xiang; Tu, Changping; Na, Yunhao; Xu, Jinxin

doi:10.3390/ma16051903

Open AccessArticle

Crystallization of Slag Films of CaO-Al₂O₃-BaO-CaF₂-Li₂O-Based Mold Fluxes for High-Aluminum Steels’ Continuous Casting

by

Xiao Long

^*

,

Shaolei Long

,

Wenbo Luo

^*,

Xiang Li

,

Changping Tu

,

Yunhao Na

and

Jinxin Xu

School of Materials and Energy Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang 550003, China

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Materials 2023, 16(5), 1903; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16051903

Submission received: 1 December 2022 / Revised: 2 January 2023 / Accepted: 24 February 2023 / Published: 25 February 2023

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metallurgical Process Simulation and Optimization—2nd Volume)

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Abstract

In this study, solidified films of CaO-Al₂O₃-BaO-CaF₂-Li₂O-based mold fluxes with different contents of Al₂O₃ addition were acquired by immersing an improved water-cooled copper probe in bulk molten slags. This probe can obtain films with representative structures. Different slag temperatures and probe immersion times were employed to investigate the crystallization process. The crystals in the solidified films were identified using X-ray diffraction, the morphologies of the crystals were observed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and the kinetic conditions, especially the activation energy of devitrified crystallization in glassy slags, were calculated and discussed based on the differential scanning calorimetry. The results indicated that after adding extra Al₂O₃, the growing speed and thickness of the solidified films increased, and more time was required for the film thickness to reach a steady state. In addition, fine spinel (MgAl₂O₄) precipitated in the films at the early stage of solidification after adding 10 wt% of extra Al₂O₃. Together with LiAlO₂, spinel (MgAl₂O₄) acted as nuclei for the precipitation of BaAl₂O₄. The apparent activation energy of initial devitrified crystallization decreased from 314.16 KJ/mol (original slag) to 297.32 KJ/mol (5 wt% Al₂O₃ added) and 269.46 KJ/mol (10 wt% Al₂O₃ added). The crystallization ratio of the films also increased after adding extra Al₂O₃.

Keywords: mold flux; CaO-Al₂O₃-based; slag film; crystallization

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MDPI and ACS Style

Long, X.; Long, S.; Luo, W.; Li, X.; Tu, C.; Na, Y.; Xu, J. Crystallization of Slag Films of CaO-Al₂O₃-BaO-CaF₂-Li₂O-Based Mold Fluxes for High-Aluminum Steels’ Continuous Casting. Materials 2023, 16, 1903. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16051903

AMA Style

Long X, Long S, Luo W, Li X, Tu C, Na Y, Xu J. Crystallization of Slag Films of CaO-Al₂O₃-BaO-CaF₂-Li₂O-Based Mold Fluxes for High-Aluminum Steels’ Continuous Casting. Materials. 2023; 16(5):1903. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16051903

Chicago/Turabian Style

Long, Xiao, Shaolei Long, Wenbo Luo, Xiang Li, Changping Tu, Yunhao Na, and Jinxin Xu. 2023. "Crystallization of Slag Films of CaO-Al₂O₃-BaO-CaF₂-Li₂O-Based Mold Fluxes for High-Aluminum Steels’ Continuous Casting" Materials 16, no. 5: 1903. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16051903

APA Style

Long, X., Long, S., Luo, W., Li, X., Tu, C., Na, Y., & Xu, J. (2023). Crystallization of Slag Films of CaO-Al₂O₃-BaO-CaF₂-Li₂O-Based Mold Fluxes for High-Aluminum Steels’ Continuous Casting. Materials, 16(5), 1903. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16051903

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Crystallization of Slag Films of CaO-Al₂O₃-BaO-CaF₂-Li₂O-Based Mold Fluxes for High-Aluminum Steels’ Continuous Casting

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