Towards Room Temperature Phase Transition of W-Doped VO2 Thin Films Deposited by Pulsed Laser Deposition: Thermochromic, Surface, and Structural Analysis

Bleu, Yannick; Bourquard, Florent; Barnier, Vincent; Loir, Anne-Sophie; Garrelie, Florence; Donnet, Christophe

doi:10.3390/ma16010461

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Towards Room Temperature Phase Transition of W-Doped VO₂ Thin Films Deposited by Pulsed Laser Deposition: Thermochromic, Surface, and Structural Analysis

by

Yannick Bleu

^1,*

,

Florent Bourquard

¹,

Vincent Barnier

²

,

Anne-Sophie Loir

¹

,

Florence Garrelie

¹

and

Christophe Donnet

¹

Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet-Saint-Étienne, CNRS, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, Laboratoire Hubert Curien, UMR 5516, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France

²

Mines Saint-Etienne, Université de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5307 LGF, Centre SMS, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Materials 2023, 16(1), 461; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16010461

Submission received: 5 December 2022 / Revised: 21 December 2022 / Accepted: 30 December 2022 / Published: 3 January 2023

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural, Morphological, and Optical Properties of Functional Thin Films)

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Abstract

Vanadium dioxide (VO₂) with an insulator-to-metal (IMT) transition (∼68 °C) is considered a very attractive thermochromic material for smart window applications. Indeed, tailoring and understanding the thermochromic and surface properties at lower temperatures can enable room-temperature applications. The effect of W doping on the thermochromic, surface, and nanostructure properties of VO₂ thin film was investigated in the present proof. W-doped VO₂ thin films with different W contents were deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) using V/W (+O₂) and V₂O₅/W multilayers. Rapid thermal annealing at 400–450 °C under oxygen flow was performed to crystallize the as-deposited films. The thermochromic, surface chemistry, structural, and morphological properties of the thin films obtained were investigated. The results showed that the V⁵⁺ was more surface sensitive and W distribution was homogeneous in all samples. Moreover, the V₂O₅ acted as a W diffusion barrier during the annealing stage, whereas the V+O₂ environment favored W surface diffusion. The phase transition temperature gradually decreased with increasing W content with a high efficiency of −26 °C per at. % W. For the highest doping concentration of 1.7 at. %, VO₂ showed room-temperature transition (26 °C) with high luminous transmittance (62%), indicating great potential for optical applications.

Keywords: vanadium dioxide; W doping; phase transition temperature; luminous transmittance; ARXPS

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bleu, Y.; Bourquard, F.; Barnier, V.; Loir, A.-S.; Garrelie, F.; Donnet, C. Towards Room Temperature Phase Transition of W-Doped VO₂ Thin Films Deposited by Pulsed Laser Deposition: Thermochromic, Surface, and Structural Analysis. Materials 2023, 16, 461. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16010461

AMA Style

Bleu Y, Bourquard F, Barnier V, Loir A-S, Garrelie F, Donnet C. Towards Room Temperature Phase Transition of W-Doped VO₂ Thin Films Deposited by Pulsed Laser Deposition: Thermochromic, Surface, and Structural Analysis. Materials. 2023; 16(1):461. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16010461

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bleu, Yannick, Florent Bourquard, Vincent Barnier, Anne-Sophie Loir, Florence Garrelie, and Christophe Donnet. 2023. "Towards Room Temperature Phase Transition of W-Doped VO₂ Thin Films Deposited by Pulsed Laser Deposition: Thermochromic, Surface, and Structural Analysis" Materials 16, no. 1: 461. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16010461

APA Style

Bleu, Y., Bourquard, F., Barnier, V., Loir, A.-S., Garrelie, F., & Donnet, C. (2023). Towards Room Temperature Phase Transition of W-Doped VO₂ Thin Films Deposited by Pulsed Laser Deposition: Thermochromic, Surface, and Structural Analysis. Materials, 16(1), 461. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16010461

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Towards Room Temperature Phase Transition of W-Doped VO₂ Thin Films Deposited by Pulsed Laser Deposition: Thermochromic, Surface, and Structural Analysis

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