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Volume 15
Issue 6
10.3390/ma15062335
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Article

Immobilization of Hexavalent Chromium Using Self-Compacting Soil Technology

by
Zymantas Rudzionis
1,*,
Arunas Aleksandras Navickas
1,
Gediminas Stelmokaitis
1 and
Remigijus Ivanauskas
2
1
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentų Str. 48, 51367 Kaunas, Lithuania
2
Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2022, 15(6), 2335; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15062335
Submission received: 28 January 2022 / Revised: 16 March 2022 / Accepted: 18 March 2022 / Published: 21 March 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Novel Sustainable Binders, Concretes and Composites)
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Abstract

A study of immobilization of hexavalent chromium in the form of Na2CrO4 salt by self-compacting soils (SCS) is presented. Carbofill E additive was used as SCS binder. The efficiency of immobilization of Cr (VI) was evaluated by washing out chromium compounds from SCS samples. The influence of the nature of the soil and the content of Carbofill E and Na2CrO4 in the SCS samples on the efficiency of Cr (VI) immobilization was studied. It was found that the nature of the soil and the content of Carbofill E in the SCS samples affect the immobilization of Cr (VI). Moreover, increasing the Carbofill E content in SCS samples further increases Cr (VI) immobilization. X-ray diffraction studies of the samples with immobilized hexavalent chromium showed that part of the sample transforms from a readily soluble form of salt into oxide forms of chromium and calcium-chromium, which are practically insoluble in water.
Keywords: immobilization; hexavalent chromium; self-compacting soil immobilization; hexavalent chromium; self-compacting soil

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MDPI and ACS Style

Rudzionis, Z.; Navickas, A.A.; Stelmokaitis, G.; Ivanauskas, R. Immobilization of Hexavalent Chromium Using Self-Compacting Soil Technology. Materials 2022, 15, 2335. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15062335

AMA Style

Rudzionis Z, Navickas AA, Stelmokaitis G, Ivanauskas R. Immobilization of Hexavalent Chromium Using Self-Compacting Soil Technology. Materials. 2022; 15(6):2335. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15062335

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rudzionis, Zymantas, Arunas Aleksandras Navickas, Gediminas Stelmokaitis, and Remigijus Ivanauskas. 2022. "Immobilization of Hexavalent Chromium Using Self-Compacting Soil Technology" Materials 15, no. 6: 2335. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15062335

APA Style

Rudzionis, Z., Navickas, A. A., Stelmokaitis, G., & Ivanauskas, R. (2022). Immobilization of Hexavalent Chromium Using Self-Compacting Soil Technology. Materials, 15(6), 2335. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15062335

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