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Volume 15
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10.3390/ma15010031
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Review

Current Advances in the Regeneration of Degenerated Articular Cartilage: A Literature Review on Tissue Engineering and Its Recent Clinical Translation

by
Farah Daou
1,
Andrea Cochis
1,
Massimiliano Leigheb
1,2 and
Lia Rimondini
1,*
1
Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy
2
Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, “Maggiore della Carità” Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2022, 15(1), 31; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010031
Submission received: 4 November 2021 / Revised: 15 December 2021 / Accepted: 17 December 2021 / Published: 21 December 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biomaterials for Medical Applications)
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Abstract

Functional ability is the basis of healthy aging. Articular cartilage degeneration is amongst the most prevalent degenerative conditions that cause adverse impacts on the quality of life; moreover, it represents a key predisposing factor to osteoarthritis (OA). Both the poor capacity of articular cartilage for self-repair and the unsatisfactory outcomes of available clinical interventions make innovative tissue engineering a promising therapeutic strategy for articular cartilage repair. Significant progress was made in this field; however, a marked heterogeneity in the applied biomaterials, biofabrication, and assessments is nowadays evident by the huge number of research studies published to date. Accordingly, this literature review assimilates the most recent advances in cell-based and cell-free tissue engineering of articular cartilage and also focuses on the assessments performed via various in vitro studies, ex vivo models, preclinical in vivo animal models, and clinical studies in order to provide a broad overview of the latest findings and clinical translation in the context of degenerated articular cartilage and OA.
Keywords: cartilage regeneration; tissue engineering; biomaterials; clinical translation cartilage regeneration; tissue engineering; biomaterials; clinical translation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Daou, F.; Cochis, A.; Leigheb, M.; Rimondini, L. Current Advances in the Regeneration of Degenerated Articular Cartilage: A Literature Review on Tissue Engineering and Its Recent Clinical Translation. Materials 2022, 15, 31. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010031

AMA Style

Daou F, Cochis A, Leigheb M, Rimondini L. Current Advances in the Regeneration of Degenerated Articular Cartilage: A Literature Review on Tissue Engineering and Its Recent Clinical Translation. Materials. 2022; 15(1):31. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010031

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daou, Farah, Andrea Cochis, Massimiliano Leigheb, and Lia Rimondini. 2022. "Current Advances in the Regeneration of Degenerated Articular Cartilage: A Literature Review on Tissue Engineering and Its Recent Clinical Translation" Materials 15, no. 1: 31. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010031

APA Style

Daou, F., Cochis, A., Leigheb, M., & Rimondini, L. (2022). Current Advances in the Regeneration of Degenerated Articular Cartilage: A Literature Review on Tissue Engineering and Its Recent Clinical Translation. Materials, 15(1), 31. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010031

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