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Article

Biomimetic Scaffolds Obtained by Electrospinning of Collagen-Based Materials: Strategies to Hinder the Protein Denaturation

by
Giorgia Montalbano
1,†,
Clarissa Tomasina
2,†,
Sonia Fiorilli
1,
Sandra Camarero-Espinosa
2,3,4,
Chiara Vitale-Brovarone
1,* and
Lorenzo Moroni
2
1
Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
2
Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ET Maastricht, The Netherlands
3
POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
4
IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Equal contribution.
Materials 2021, 14(16), 4360; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14164360
Submission received: 2 July 2021 / Revised: 28 July 2021 / Accepted: 2 August 2021 / Published: 4 August 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fiber Spinning: Materials & Techniques)
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Abstract

The use of biomaterials and scaffolds to boost bone regeneration is increasingly gaining interest as a complementary method to the standard surgical and pharmacological treatments in case of severe injuries and pathological conditions. In this frame, the selection of biomaterials and the accurate assessment of the manufacturing procedures are considered key factors in the design of constructs able to resemble the features of the native tissue and effectively induce specific cell responses. Accordingly, composite scaffolds based on type-I-collagen can mimic the composition of bone extracellular matrix (ECM), while electrospinning technologies can be exploited to produce nanofibrous matrices to resemble its architectural organization. However, the combination of collagen and electrospinning reported several complications due to the frequent denaturation of the protein and the variability of results according to collagen origin, concentration, and solvent. In this context, the strategies optimized in this study enabled the preparation of collagen-based electrospun scaffolds characterized by about 100 nm fibers, preserving the physico-chemical properties of the protein thanks to the use of an acetic acid-based solvent. Moreover, nanoparticles of mesoporous bioactive glasses were combined with the optimized collagen formulation, proving the successful design of composite scaffolds resembling the morphological features of bone ECM at the nanoscale.
Keywords: biomimetic scaffolds; electrospinning; type I collagen; hybrid formulations; bone tissue engineering biomimetic scaffolds; electrospinning; type I collagen; hybrid formulations; bone tissue engineering
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MDPI and ACS Style

Montalbano, G.; Tomasina, C.; Fiorilli, S.; Camarero-Espinosa, S.; Vitale-Brovarone, C.; Moroni, L. Biomimetic Scaffolds Obtained by Electrospinning of Collagen-Based Materials: Strategies to Hinder the Protein Denaturation. Materials 2021, 14, 4360. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14164360

AMA Style

Montalbano G, Tomasina C, Fiorilli S, Camarero-Espinosa S, Vitale-Brovarone C, Moroni L. Biomimetic Scaffolds Obtained by Electrospinning of Collagen-Based Materials: Strategies to Hinder the Protein Denaturation. Materials. 2021; 14(16):4360. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14164360

Chicago/Turabian Style

Montalbano, Giorgia, Clarissa Tomasina, Sonia Fiorilli, Sandra Camarero-Espinosa, Chiara Vitale-Brovarone, and Lorenzo Moroni. 2021. "Biomimetic Scaffolds Obtained by Electrospinning of Collagen-Based Materials: Strategies to Hinder the Protein Denaturation" Materials 14, no. 16: 4360. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14164360

APA Style

Montalbano, G., Tomasina, C., Fiorilli, S., Camarero-Espinosa, S., Vitale-Brovarone, C., & Moroni, L. (2021). Biomimetic Scaffolds Obtained by Electrospinning of Collagen-Based Materials: Strategies to Hinder the Protein Denaturation. Materials, 14(16), 4360. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14164360

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