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Article

Cell Viability of Porous Poly(d,l-lactic acid)/Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes/Nanohydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering

by
Thiago Domingues Stocco
1,2,†,
Eliane Antonioli
3,†,
Conceição de Maria Vaz Elias
4,
Bruno Vinícius Manzolli Rodrigues
4,
Idália Aparecida Waltrick de Brito Siqueira
5,†,
Mario Ferretti
3,
Fernanda Roberta Marciano
4 and
Anderson Oliveira Lobo
6,*
1
Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo 13083-887, Brazil
2
Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Santo Amaro, São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
3
Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-000, Brazil
4
Scientifical and Technological Institute, Brasil University, São Paulo 08230-030, Brazil
5
Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12231-280, Brazil
6
LIMAV-Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials, UFPI-Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Piauí, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Materials 2019, 12(6), 849; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12060849
Submission received: 20 February 2019 / Revised: 8 March 2019 / Accepted: 9 March 2019 / Published: 13 March 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Modification of Functional Scaffolds and Biomaterials)
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Abstract

Treatment of articular cartilage lesions remains an important challenge. Frequently the bone located below the cartilage is also damaged, resulting in defects known as osteochondral lesions. Tissue engineering has emerged as a potential approach to treat cartilage and osteochondral defects. The principal challenge of osteochondral tissue engineering is to create a scaffold with potential to regenerate both cartilage and the subchondral bone involved, considering the intrinsic properties of each tissue. Recent nanocomposites based on the incorporation of nanoscale fillers into polymer matrix have shown promising results for the treatment of osteochondral defects. In this present study, it was performed using the recently developed methodologies (electrodeposition and immersion in simulated body fluid) to obtain porous superhydrophilic poly(d,l-lactic acid)/vertically aligned carbon nanotubes/nanohydroxyapatite (PDLLA/VACNT-O:nHAp) nanocomposite scaffolds, to analyze cell behavior and gene expression of chondrocytes, and then assess the applicability of this nanobiomaterial for osteochondral regenerative medicine. The results demonstrate that PDLLA/VACNT-O:nHAp nanocomposite supports chondrocytes adhesion and decreases type I Collagen mRNA expression. Therefore, these findings suggest the possibility of novel nanobiomaterial as a scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering applications.
Keywords: osteochondral regeneration; nanocomposites; porous scaffolds; carbon nanotubes; PDLLA; hydroxyapatite; chondrocyte osteochondral regeneration; nanocomposites; porous scaffolds; carbon nanotubes; PDLLA; hydroxyapatite; chondrocyte
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MDPI and ACS Style

Stocco, T.D.; Antonioli, E.; Elias, C.d.M.V.; Rodrigues, B.V.M.; Siqueira, I.A.W.d.B.; Ferretti, M.; Marciano, F.R.; Lobo, A.O. Cell Viability of Porous Poly(d,l-lactic acid)/Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes/Nanohydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering. Materials 2019, 12, 849. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12060849

AMA Style

Stocco TD, Antonioli E, Elias CdMV, Rodrigues BVM, Siqueira IAWdB, Ferretti M, Marciano FR, Lobo AO. Cell Viability of Porous Poly(d,l-lactic acid)/Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes/Nanohydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering. Materials. 2019; 12(6):849. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12060849

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stocco, Thiago Domingues, Eliane Antonioli, Conceição de Maria Vaz Elias, Bruno Vinícius Manzolli Rodrigues, Idália Aparecida Waltrick de Brito Siqueira, Mario Ferretti, Fernanda Roberta Marciano, and Anderson Oliveira Lobo. 2019. "Cell Viability of Porous Poly(d,l-lactic acid)/Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes/Nanohydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering" Materials 12, no. 6: 849. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12060849

APA Style

Stocco, T. D., Antonioli, E., Elias, C. d. M. V., Rodrigues, B. V. M., Siqueira, I. A. W. d. B., Ferretti, M., Marciano, F. R., & Lobo, A. O. (2019). Cell Viability of Porous Poly(d,l-lactic acid)/Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes/Nanohydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering. Materials, 12(6), 849. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12060849

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