Material Flow Analysis in Indentation by Two-Dimensional Digital Image Correlation and Finite Elements Method
Department of Civil, Material and Manufacturing Engineering. EII, University of Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
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Materials 2017, 10(6), 674; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10060674
Received: 15 May 2017
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Revised: 14 June 2017
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Accepted: 16 June 2017
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Published: 21 June 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanoindentation in Materials)
The present work shows the material flow analysis in indentation by the numerical two dimensional Finite Elements (FEM) method and the experimental two-dimensional Digital Image Correlation (DIC) method. To achieve deep indentation without cracking, a ductile material, 99% tin, is used. The results obtained from the DIC technique depend predominantly on the pattern conferred to the samples. Due to the absence of a natural pattern, black and white spray painting is used for greater contrast. The stress-strain curve of the material has been obtained and introduced in the Finite Element simulation code used, DEFORM™, allowing for accurate simulations. Two different 2D models have been used: a plain strain model to obtain the load curve and a plain stress model to evaluate the strain maps on the workpiece surface. The indentation displacement load curve has been compared between the FEM and the experimental results, showing a good correlation. Additionally, the strain maps obtained from the material surface with FEM and DIC are compared in order to validate the numerical model. The Von Mises strain results between both of them present a 10–20% difference. The results show that FEM is a good tool for simulating indentation processes, allowing for the evaluation of the maximum forces and deformations involved in the forming process. Additionally, the non-contact DIC technique shows its potential by measuring the superficial strain maps, validating the FEM results.
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Keywords:
incremental forming; indentation; Digital Image Correlation; Finite Elements Method; experimental methodology
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MDPI and ACS Style
Bermudo, C.; Sevilla, L.; Castillo López, G. Material Flow Analysis in Indentation by Two-Dimensional Digital Image Correlation and Finite Elements Method. Materials 2017, 10, 674. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10060674
AMA Style
Bermudo C, Sevilla L, Castillo López G. Material Flow Analysis in Indentation by Two-Dimensional Digital Image Correlation and Finite Elements Method. Materials. 2017; 10(6):674. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10060674
Chicago/Turabian StyleBermudo, Carolina, Lorenzo Sevilla, and Germán Castillo López. 2017. "Material Flow Analysis in Indentation by Two-Dimensional Digital Image Correlation and Finite Elements Method" Materials 10, no. 6: 674. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10060674
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