A Liquid Inorganic Electrolyte Showing an Unusually High Lithium Ion Transference Number: A Concentrated Solution of LiAlCl4 in Sulfur Dioxide

Hartl, Robert; Fleischmann, Matthias; Gschwind, Ruth M.; Winter, Martin; Gores, Heiner Jakob

doi:10.3390/en6094448

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A Liquid Inorganic Electrolyte Showing an Unusually High Lithium Ion Transference Number: A Concentrated Solution of LiAlCl₄ in Sulfur Dioxide

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Workgroup Electrochemistry and Electrolytes, Institute of Theoretical and Physical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany

Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany

Electrochemical Energy Technology (MEET) Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 46, 48149 Münster, Germany

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Energies 2013, 6(9), 4448-4464; https://doi.org/10.3390/en6094448

Received: 25 June 2013 / Revised: 5 August 2013 / Accepted: 21 August 2013 / Published: 29 August 2013

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Li-ion Batteries and Energy Storage Devices)

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Abstract

We report on studies of an inorganic electrolyte: LiAlCl₄ in liquid sulfur dioxide. Concentrated solutions show a very high conductivity when compared with typical electrolytes for lithium ion batteries that are based on organic solvents. Our investigations include conductivity measurements and measurements of transference numbers via nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and by a classical direct method, Hittorf’s method. For the use of Hittorf’s method, it is necessary to measure the concentration of the electrolyte in a selected cell compartment before and after electrochemical polarization very precisely. This task was finally performed by potentiometric titration after hydrolysis of the salt. The Haven ratio was determined to estimate the association behavior of this very concentrated electrolyte solution. The measured unusually high transference number of the lithium cation of the studied most concentrated solution, a molten solvate LiAlCl₄ × 1.6SO₂, makes this electrolyte a promising alternative for lithium ion cells with high power ability. View Full-Text

Keywords: lithium ion transference number; lithium tetrachloroaluminate; sulfur dioxide; Hittorf’s method; diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY)-NMR

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Hartl, R.; Fleischmann, M.; Gschwind, R.M.; Winter, M.; Gores, H.J. A Liquid Inorganic Electrolyte Showing an Unusually High Lithium Ion Transference Number: A Concentrated Solution of LiAlCl₄ in Sulfur Dioxide. Energies 2013, 6, 4448-4464. https://doi.org/10.3390/en6094448

AMA Style

Hartl R, Fleischmann M, Gschwind RM, Winter M, Gores HJ. A Liquid Inorganic Electrolyte Showing an Unusually High Lithium Ion Transference Number: A Concentrated Solution of LiAlCl₄ in Sulfur Dioxide. Energies. 2013; 6(9):4448-4464. https://doi.org/10.3390/en6094448

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hartl, Robert, Matthias Fleischmann, Ruth M. Gschwind, Martin Winter, and Heiner J. Gores. 2013. "A Liquid Inorganic Electrolyte Showing an Unusually High Lithium Ion Transference Number: A Concentrated Solution of LiAlCl₄ in Sulfur Dioxide" Energies 6, no. 9: 4448-4464. https://doi.org/10.3390/en6094448

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A Liquid Inorganic Electrolyte Showing an Unusually High Lithium Ion Transference Number: A Concentrated Solution of LiAlCl₄ in Sulfur Dioxide

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