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Volume 18
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10.3390/en18153985
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Article

Insulation Condition Assessment of High-Voltage Single-Core Cables Via Zero-Crossing Frequency Analysis of Impedance Phase Angle

by
Fang Wang
1,
Zeyang Tang
2,
Zaixin Song
3,
Enci Zhou
1,
Mingzhen Li
1,3,* and
Xinsong Zhang
1
1
School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
2
State Grid Hubei Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430077, China
3
Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2025, 18(15), 3985; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18153985
Submission received: 4 June 2025 / Revised: 6 July 2025 / Accepted: 23 July 2025 / Published: 25 July 2025
(This article belongs to the Section F: Electrical Engineering)
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Abstract

To address the limitations of low detection efficiency and poor spatial resolution of traditional cable insulation diagnosis methods, a novel cable insulation diagnosis method based on impedance spectroscopy has been proposed. An impedance spectroscopy analysis model of the frequency response of high-voltage single-core cables under different aging conditions has been established. The initial classification of insulation condition is achieved based on the impedance phase deviation between the test cable and the reference cable. Under localized aging conditions, the impedance phase spectroscopy is more than twice as sensitive to dielectric changes as the amplitude spectroscopy. Leveraging this advantage, a multi-parameter diagnostic framework is developed that integrates key spectral features such as the first phase angle zero-crossing frequency, initial phase, and resonance peak amplitude. The proposed method enables quantitative estimation of aging severity, spatial extent, and location. This technique offers a non-invasive, high-resolution solution for advanced cable health diagnostics and provides a foundation for practical deployment of power system asset management.
Keywords: high-voltage single-core cables; condition assessment; aging diagnosis; impedance spectroscopy; localized aging detection high-voltage single-core cables; condition assessment; aging diagnosis; impedance spectroscopy; localized aging detection

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wang, F.; Tang, Z.; Song, Z.; Zhou, E.; Li, M.; Zhang, X. Insulation Condition Assessment of High-Voltage Single-Core Cables Via Zero-Crossing Frequency Analysis of Impedance Phase Angle. Energies 2025, 18, 3985. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18153985

AMA Style

Wang F, Tang Z, Song Z, Zhou E, Li M, Zhang X. Insulation Condition Assessment of High-Voltage Single-Core Cables Via Zero-Crossing Frequency Analysis of Impedance Phase Angle. Energies. 2025; 18(15):3985. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18153985

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang, Fang, Zeyang Tang, Zaixin Song, Enci Zhou, Mingzhen Li, and Xinsong Zhang. 2025. "Insulation Condition Assessment of High-Voltage Single-Core Cables Via Zero-Crossing Frequency Analysis of Impedance Phase Angle" Energies 18, no. 15: 3985. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18153985

APA Style

Wang, F., Tang, Z., Song, Z., Zhou, E., Li, M., & Zhang, X. (2025). Insulation Condition Assessment of High-Voltage Single-Core Cables Via Zero-Crossing Frequency Analysis of Impedance Phase Angle. Energies, 18(15), 3985. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18153985

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