A Comprehensive Review of Power System Stabilizers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Classic Solutions for PSSs
3. Artificial-Intelligence-Based PSSs
4. Modern Control Systems in PSs
5. PSSs in Networks with Renewable Sources
6. Use of New Optimization Methods for Tuning PSSs
7. Discussion and Problems
8. Conclusions
- Performing transient analyses only for the simplest systems and network systems (e.g., for the SKIB system) without verifying the results in a more complex system;
- Basing only on standard parameters of mathematical models of PS elements without referring to the problems of estimating reliable parameters of these models;
- Narrow conclusions only in the context of the research carried out without reference to technical problems occurring in real systems;
- Presentation of only a narrow part of the obtained results;
- Omitting technically important problems in scientific research, including interactions between different waveforms occurring in a real system;
- Presentation of unusual behaviors of a system that, without any additional explanation, may be considered factual errors.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Power System (Test System) | Number of Papers | References | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
In General | In Chapters | |||
SMIB (single-machine infinity bus) | 79 | Ch. 2 | 10 | [14,20,21,29,30,31,32,33,34,38] |
Ch. 3 | 21 | [51,55,56,57,58,60,61,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,78,80,81,83] | ||
Ch. 4 | 23 | [7,80,84,86,88,89,91,92,93,96,98,99,102,103,104,105,106,118,122,125,126,127,129,130] | ||
Ch. 5 | 3 | [135,139,142] | ||
Ch. 6 | 22 | [133,150,151,152,156,163,164,166,168,173,175,179,182,183,184,185,186,187,188,189,190,191] | ||
4M2A (two-area four-machine) power system | 58 | Ch. 2 | 6 | [13,16,18,19,23,49] |
Ch. 3 | 14 | [52,53,54,56,57,59,63,74,75,76,78,80,81,82] | ||
Ch. 4 | 16 | [87,88,94,95,97,101,106,107,109,110,114,115,116,125,131,132] | ||
Ch. 5 | 3 | [133,138,139] | ||
Ch. 6 | 19 | [133,150,153,155,170,171,176,177,189,190,195,196,197,198,199,200,201,202,203] | ||
New England 10 (10-machine, 39-bus power system) | 26 | Ch. 2 | 2 | [10,40] |
Ch. 3 | 2 | [82,83] | ||
Ch. 4 | 5 | [85,107,108,113,116] | ||
Ch. 5 | 1 | [133] | ||
Ch. 6 | 16 | [133,157,158,161,162,169,174,176,178,199,201,202,204,205,206,209] | ||
New England 16 (16-machine, 68-bus power system) | 8 | Ch. 3 | 1 | [79] |
Ch. 4 | 3 | [111,112,124] | ||
Ch. 5 | 1 | [137] | ||
Ch. 6 | 3 | [159,172,203] | ||
WSCC (three-machine power system) | 23 | Ch. 2 | 3 | [17,35,36] |
Ch. 3 | 2 | [79,83] | ||
Ch. 4 | 6 | [85,117,120,121,123,128] | ||
Ch. 5 | 3 | [134,141,147] | ||
Ch. 6 | 9 | [151,158,160,161,167,191,192,193,194] | ||
NORDIC (20-machine multivoltage power system) | 2 | Ch. 2 | 2 | [9,42] |
IEEE 14 (5-machine power system) | 5 | Ch. 2 | 3 | [10,26,28] |
Ch. 5 | 2 | [141,147] | ||
Other | 32 | Ch. 2 | 10 | [12,13,15,24,25,27,37,40,41,49] |
Ch. 3 | 4 | [53,58,62,77] | ||
Ch. 4 | 6 | [87,90,95,104,119,124] | ||
Ch. 5 | 5 | [136,143,144,145,146] | ||
Ch. 6 | 7 | [154,165,200,206,207,208,209] |
PSS | Number of Papers | References | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
In General | In Chapters | |||
PSS1A (lead-lag PSS) | 70 | Ch. 2 | 19 | [13,14,15,16,18,19,20,21,22,25,26,28,31,33,35,36,40,44,49] |
Ch. 4 | 9 | [108,120,121,124,126,128,129,130,131] | ||
Ch. 6 | 42 | [133,150,151,152,155,156,159,160,161,162,163,164,166,167,168,169,170,171,172,174,176,177,182,184,188,189,190,191,192,193,194,195,196,197,198,200,201,202,203,204,205,206] | ||
PSS2A | 8 | Ch. 2 | 5 | [21,24,29,34,41] |
Ch. 6 | 3 | [154,165,180] | ||
PSS2B | 3 | Ch. 2 | 2 | [26,43] |
Ch. 6 | 1 | [199] | ||
PSS3B | 5 | Ch. 2 | 3 | [27,30,37] |
Ch. 6 | 2 | [175,207] | ||
PSS4B/PSS4C | 12 | Ch. 2 | 5 | [19,23,26,40,49] |
Ch. 4 | 5 | [93,95,100,104,106] | ||
Ch. 6 | 2 | [158,209] | ||
PID-PSS | 11 | Ch. 2 | 1 | [20] |
Ch. 3 | 6 | [54,59,60,61,62,63] | ||
Ch. 4 | 1 | [84] | ||
Ch. 6 | 3 | [149,153,183] | ||
Other | 17 | Ch. 2 | 3 | [17,38,39] |
Ch. 4 | 10 | [86,92,97,98,99,101,103,105,115,125] | ||
Ch. 6 | 4 | [157,185,186,208] |
Tools | Number of Papers | References | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
In General | In Chapters | |||
Matlab | 66 | Ch. 2 | 9 | [14,15,16,18,20,22,30,32,36] |
Ch. 3 | 22 | [51,52,53,55,56,57,59,60,61,63,64,65,66,68,69,71,74,75,76,78,79,80,83] | ||
Ch. 4 | 13 | [80,85,90,91,96,105,106,110,116,118,122,128,129] | ||
Ch. 5 | 5 | [133,138,139,144,148] | ||
Ch. 6 | 17 | [153,155,156,157,165,166,168,170,174,182,184,187,188,189,193,196,204] | ||
DigSILENT PowerFactory | 1 | Ch. 2 | 1 | [39] |
ETAP | 2 | Ch. 2 | 1 | [40] |
Ch. 5 | 1 | [147] | ||
PSCAD | Ch. 2 | 1 | [27] | |
Power World Simulator | 1 | Ch. 2 | 1 | [35] |
PSASP7 | 1 | Ch. 2 | 1 | [29] |
PSS-E | 4 | Ch. 2 | 2 | [25,46] |
Ch. 6 | 2 | [190,207] | ||
Scilab | 1 | Ch. 2 | 1 | [31] |
NEPLAN | 1 | Ch. 3 | 1 | [55] |
MiPower | 1 | Ch. 5 | 1 | [141] |
References
- Kundur, P.; Balu, N.J.; Lauby, M.G. Power System Stability and Control; McGraw-Hill: New York, NY, USA, 1994; Volume 7. [Google Scholar]
- Machowski, J.; Bialek, J.; Bumby, J. Power System Dynamics. Stability and Control; John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, NY, USA, 2008. [Google Scholar]
- Paszek, S.; Boboń, A.; Berhausen, S.; Majka, Ł.; Nocoń, A.; Pruski, P. Synchronous Generators and Excitation Systems Operating in a Power System—Measurement Methods and Modeling; Springer: Cham, Germany, 2020. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Paszek, S.; Nocoń, A. Optimisation and Polyoptimisation of Power System Stabilizer Parameters; Lambert Academic Publishing: Saarbrücken, Germany, 2014. [Google Scholar]
- Paszek, S.; Nocoń, A. Parameter polyoptimization of PSS2A power system stabilizers operating in a multi-machine power system including the uncertainty of model parameters. Appl. Math. Comput. 2015, 267, 750–757. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Nocoń, A.; Paszek, S. Synthesis of generator voltage regulator when applying polyoptimisation. Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci. Tech. Sci. 2007, 55, 43–48. [Google Scholar]
- Erceg, I.; Sumina, D.; Tusun, S.; Kutija, M. Power system stabilizer based on pointwise min-norm control law. Electr. Power Syst. Res. 2017, 143, 215–224. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ilić, D.M.; Carvalho, M.S.P. From hierarchical control to flexible interactive electricity services: A path to decarbonisation. Electr. Power Syst. Res. 2022, 212, 108554. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Munkhchuluun, E.; Meegahapola, L.; Vahidnia, A. Long-term voltage stability with large-scale solar-photovoltaic (PV) generation. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2020, 117, 105663. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Farmer, W.J.; Rix, A.J. Impact of continuous stochastic and spatially distributed perturbations on power system frequency stability. Electr. Power Syst. Res. 2021, 201, 107536. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kumar, C.; Ghosh, S.; Sahay, S.; Singh, A.P.; Modi, A.; Banerjee, S. Experience of PSS Tuning in Indian Power System. In Proceedings of the 21st National Power Systems Conference (NPSC), Gandhinagar, India, 17–19 December 2020; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Paszek, S. Optimisation of pss parameters. J. Electr. Eng. Slovak Cent. IEE 2001, 52, 30–35. [Google Scholar]
- Islam, N.N.; Hannan, M.A.; Shareef, H.; Azah, M. An application of backtracking search algorithm in designing power system stabilizers for large multi-machine system. Neurocomputing 2017, 237, 175–184. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yang, W.; Norrlund, P.; Chung, C.Y.; Yang, J.; Lundin, U. Eigen-analysis of hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling mechanism for small signal stability of hydropower plant. Renew. Energy 2018, 115, 1014–1025. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Liu, Z.; Yao, W.; Wen, J. Enhancement of Power System Stability Using a Novel Power System Stabilizer with Large Critical Gain. Energies 2017, 10, 449. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Elliott, R.T.; Arabshahi, P.; Kirschen, D.S. A Generalized PSS Architecture for Balancing Transient and Small-Signal Response. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 2020, 35, 1446–1456. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Abou-El-Soud, A.; Elbanna, S.H.A.; Sabry, W. A Strong Action Power System Stabilizer Application in a Multi-machine Power System Containing a Nuclear Power Plant. In Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Electrical Machines, Drives and Power Systems (ELMA), Varna, Bulgaria, 6–8 June 2019; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Naik, J.S.; Thirumalaivasan, R.; Janaki, M. Analysis of Multi-Machine Power System with PSS using Participation Factor Method. In Proceedings of the Innovations in Power and Advanced Computing Technologies (i-PACT), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 27–29 November 2021; pp. 1–7. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kumar, A.; Bhadu, M.; Kumawat, H.C.; Bishnoi, S.K.; Swami, K. Analysis of Sampling Frequency of Discrete mode Stabilizer in Modern Power System. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computing, Power and Communication Technologies (GUCON), New Delhi, India, 2–4 October 2020; pp. 14–20. [Google Scholar]
- Kumbhar, S.V.; Mohale, V.P. Comparative Study of the Effect of Power System Stabilizer on a Single Machine Infinite Bus. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Smart Electronics and Communication (ICOSEC), Trichy, India, 10–12 September 2020; pp. 1288–1292. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sorrentino, E.; León, F. Comparison among typical input signals of different types of Power System Stabilizers (PSS). In Proceedings of the IEEE ANDESCON, Quito, Ecuador, 13–16 October 2020; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rahman, M.L.; Shatil, M.A.H. Design and Implementation of a Synchronous Generator with Rotor Angle Stability Control for Damping Interarea Oscillations of Interconnected Power Systems via PSS. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Sustainable Development (ICICT4SD), Dhaka, Bangladesh, 27–28 February 2021; pp. 331–335. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kumar, A.; Bahjaoui, A.; Musunuri, S.K.; Rout, B. Design and Tuning of Multi-Band Based Power System Stabilizer and Implementation in HYPERSIM. In Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Intelligent System Application to Power Systems (ISAP), New Delhi, India, 10–14 December 2019; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Renedo, J.; Sigrist, L.; Rouco, L. Design of power system stabilizers to damp low frequency inter-area oscillations with limited information. In Proceedings of the IEEE Milan PowerTech, Milano, Italy, 23–27 June 2019; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Carter, M.; Liang, X. Implementation of Power System Stabilizers in a Power Grid: A Case Study. In Proceedings of the IEEE Canadian Conference of Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE), Edmonton, AB, Canada, 5–8 May 2019; pp. 1–4. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Obaid, Z.A.; Ali Mejeed, R.; Al-Mashhadani, A. Investigating the Impact of using Modern Power System Stabilizers on Frequency Stability in Large Dynamic Multi-Machine Power System. In Proceedings of the 55th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC), Torino, Italy, 1–4 September 2020; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Nayak, B.P.; Prabhakaran, K.K.; Chelliah, T.R.; Jena, P. Investigation of Power System Stabilizer PSS-3B in a Large Hydro Generating Unit. In Proceedings of the IEEE 2nd International Conference on Smart Technologies for Power, Energy and Control (STPEC), Bilaspur, India, 19–22 December 2021; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Liu, M.; Bizzarri, F.; Brambilla, A.M.; Milano, F. On the Impact of the Dead-Band of Power System Stabilizers and Frequency Regulation on Power System Stability. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 2019, 34, 3977–3979. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lu, S.; Zhang, W.; Wang, T.; Cai, Y.; Sui, X.; Li, H.; Zhu, T.; Gang, Y.; Yu, Y. Parameter Tuning and Simulation Analysis of PSS Function in Excitation System with Suppression of Low Frequency Oscillation. In Proceedings of the IEEE 8th International Conference on Advanced Power System Automation and Protection (APAP), Xi’an, China, 21–24 October 2019; pp. 474–479. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Prabhakaran, K.K.; Tiwari, R.; Nayak, S.R.; Chelliah, T.R. Performance Investigation on Damping of Active Power Oscillation in the Large Hydro-Power Plant with Power System Stabilizer. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES), Jaipur, India, 16–19 December 2020; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Borkar, P.D.; Vaidya, A.P. Power System Stabilizer Tuning of SMIB using Scilab Software. In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference for Convergence in Technology (I2CT), Mangalore, India, 27–28 October 2018; pp. 1–5. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Stanev, R.; Nakov, K. Power System Stabilizers for Inverter Dominated Future Power Systems. In Proceedings of the 21st International Symposium on Electrical Apparatus & Technologies (SIELA), Bourgas, Bulgaria, 3–6 June 2020; pp. 1–8. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Baadji, B.; Bentarzi, H.; Bouaoud, A. SMIB power system model with PSS for transient stability studies. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE-B), Boumerdes, Algeria, 29–31 October 2017; pp. 1–5. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhang, G.; Liang, H.; Xie, H.; Qin, C.; Shi, Y.; Zhao, Y.; Jiang, W.; Yan, Y.; Yuan, Y. Study on the Adaptability of Power System Stabilizer Parameters under Deep Peak Regulation Condition. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Power System Technology (POWERCON), Haikou, China, 8–9 December 2021; pp. 14–20. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Patel, K. Transient Stability Analysis and Tuning of Power System Stabilizer for Three Machine Nine Bus System Using Frequency Response Approach. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Computing and Communication Engineering (ICACCE), Las Vegas, NV, USA, 22–24 June 2020; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Alsakati, A.A.; Vaithilingam, C.A.; Alnasseir, J.; Jagadeeshwaran, A. Transient Stability Improvement of Power System using Power System Stabilizer Integrated with Excitation System. In Proceedings of the International 11th IEEE International Conference on Control System, Computing and Engineering (ICCSCE), Penang, Malaysia, 27–28 August 2021; pp. 34–39. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Nikolaev, N. Tuning of power system stabilizer PSS3B and analysis of its properties. In Proceedings of the 20th International Symposium on Electrical Apparatus and Technologies (SIELA), Bourgas, Bulgaria, 3–6 June 2018; pp. 1–5. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ayman, M.; Soliman, M. Robust multi-objective PSSs design via complex Kharitonov’s theorem. Eur. J. Control 2021, 58, 131–142. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rather, Z.H.; Flynn, D. Impact of voltage dip induced delayed active power recovery on wind integrated power systems. Control Eng. Pract. 2017, 61, 124–133. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Li, Z.E.; Tiong, T.C.; Wong, K.I. Improving Transient Stability of Diesel-Wind-Solar Hybrid Power System by using PSS. In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Electrical, Control and Instrumentation Engineering (ICECIE), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 25 November 2019; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Liu, C.; Liu, W.; Zhang, Q. Influence of Power System Stabilizers on HVDC Control Systems in an Asynchronous Interconnection Power Grid. In Proceedings of the IEEE Milan PowerTech, Milano, Italy, 23–27 June 2019; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jakobsen, S.H.; Bombois, X.; Uhlen, K. Non-intrusive identification of hydro power plants’ dynamics using control system measurements. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2020, 122, 106180. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Podlaski, M.; Bombois, X.; Vanfretti, L. Validation of power plant models using field data with application to the Mostar hydroelectric plant. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2022, 142 Pt B, 108364. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Khazeiynasab, S.R.; Zhao, J.; Batarseh, I.; Tan, B. Power Plant Model Parameter Calibration Using Conditional Variational Autoencoder. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 2022, 37, 1642–1652. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Majka, Ł.; Sowa, M. Exciter fractional model and its susceptibility on parameter changes. Pozn. Univ. Technol. Acad. J. Electr. Eng. 2020, 104, 87–98. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Khazeiynasab, S.R. A Parallel Multi-Modal LSTM for Power System Model Calibration. TechRxiv 2022. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Khazeiynasab, S.R.; Qi, J. Generator Parameter Calibration by Adaptive Approximate Bayesian Computation With Sequential Monte Carlo Sampler. IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 2021, 12, 4327–4338. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zaker, B.; Khodadadi, A.; Karrari, M. A new approach to parameter identification of generation unit equipped with brushless exciter using estimated field voltage. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2022, 141, 108122. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Leiva Roca, D.A.; Mercado, P.; Suvire, G. System Frequency Response Model Considering the Influence of Power System Stabilizers. IEEE Lat. Am. Trans. 2022, 20, 912–920. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- IEEE Standard 421.5; IEEE Recommended Practice for Excitation System Models for Power System Stability Studies. IEEE: New York, NY, USA, 2016.
- Shahriar, M.S.; Shafiullah, M.; Rana, M.J.; Ali, A.; Ahmed, A.; Rahman, S.M. Neurogenetic approach for real-time damping of low-frequency oscillations in electric networks. Comput. Electr. Eng. 2020, 83, 106600. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chamorro, H.R.; Riano, I.; Gerndt, R.; Zelinka, I.; Gonzalez-Longatt, F.; Sood, V.K. Synthetic inertia control based on fuzzy adaptive differential evolution. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2019, 105, 803–813. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Ansari, J.; Abbasi, A.R.; Heydari, M.H.; Avazzadeh, Z. Simultaneous design of fuzzy PSS and fuzzy STATCOM controllers for power system stability enhancement. Alex. Eng. J. 2022, 61, 2841–2850. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Nakhi, P.R.; Kamarposhti, M.A. Multi objective design of type II fuzzy based power system stabilizer for power system with wind farm turbine considering uncertainty. Int. Trans. Electr. Energy Syst. 2020, 30, e12285. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Alaaesh, S.; Shamekh, A.; Altowati, A. Advanced Power System Stabilizer for a Single Machine—Infinite Bus Model: Transient Analysis. In Proceedings of the 1st Global Power, Energy and Communication Conference (GPECOM), Nevsehir, Turkey, 12–15 June 2019; pp. 206–211. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Farahani, M.; Ganjefar, S. Intelligent power system stabilizer design using adaptive fuzzy sliding mode controller. Neurocomputing 2017, 226, 135–144. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ray, P.K.; Paital, S.R.; Mohanty, A.; Eddy, F.Y.S.; Gooi, H.B. A robust power system stabilizer for enhancement of stability in power system using adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control. Appl. Soft Comput. 2018, 73, 471–481. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Paital, S.R.; Ray, P.K.; Mohanty, A.; Panda, G. Neuro-Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control Based Wide Area Power System Stabilizer for Transient Stability Improvement. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Energy, Power and Environment: Towards Clean Energy Technologies, Shillong, India, 5–7 March 2021; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sreedivya, K.M.; Aruna Jeyanthy, P.; Devaraj, D. Improved Design of Interval Type-2 Fuzzy based Wide Area Power System Stabilizer for Inter-area Oscillation Damping. Microprocess. Microsyst. 2021, 83, 103957. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mujeer, S.A.; Dwarasila, M.K.; Chintala, J.D.; Adimulam, V.S.K. Low frequency oscillations damping by design of power system stabilizer using intelligent controllers. Mater. Today Proc. 2021. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chaubey, P.; Lather, J.S.; Yelisetti, S.; Manda, S.; Yadav, N.K. Robust Power System Stabilizer based on Static Output Feedback Approach to Enhance Power System Stability. Energy Procedia 2019, 158, 2960–2965. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Feleke, S.; Satish, R.; Tatek, W.; Abdelaziz, A.Y.; El-Shahat, A. DE-Algorithm-Optimized Fuzzy-PID Controller for AGC of Integrated Multi Area Power System with HVDC Link. Energies 2022, 15, 6174. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Touil, S.; Bekakra, Y.; Attous, D.B. Influence of Fuzzy Power System Stabilizer using Different Membership Functions for Single and Multi-machine. J. Control Autom. Electr. Syst. 2021, 32, 1269–1278. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rashwan, A.F.; Ahmed, M.; Mossa, M.R.; Baha-El-Din, A.M.; Alkhalaf, S.; Senjyu, T.; Hemeida, A.M. Explicit adaptive power system stabilizer design based an on-line identifier for single-machine infinite bus. Ain Shams Eng. J. 2022, 13, 101544. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Paital, S.R.; Ray, P.K.; Mohanty, A. Firefly-swarm optimized fuzzy adaptive PSS in power system for transient stability enhancement. In Proceedings of the Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium—Fall (PIERS—FALL), Singapore, 19–22 November 2017; pp. 1969–1976. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Islam, S.I.; Lim, C.-C.; Shi, P. Functional observer based controller for stabilizing Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy systems with time-delays. J. Frankl. Inst. 2018, 355, 3619–3640. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Masrob, M.A.; Rahman, M.A.; George, G.H. Design of a neural network based power system stabilizer in reduced order power system. In Proceedings of the IEEE 30th Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE), Windsor, ON, Canada, 30 April–3 May 2017; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Masrob, M.A.; Rahman, M.A.; George, G.H.; Butt, C.B. Design of a simple neural network stabilizer for a synchronous machine of power system via MATLAB/Simulink. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Electric Machines and Drives Conference (IEMDC), Miami, FL, USA, 21–24 May 2017; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Prasad, K.B.; Kumar, K.V.; Sekhar, K.C. Fuzzy logic based balun power system stabilizer for SMIB system. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Power, Control, Signals and Instrumentation Engineering (ICPCSI), Chennai, India, 21–22 September 2017; pp. 1879–1884. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sreedivya, K.M.; Jeyanthy, P.A.; Devaraj, D. Fuzzy logic based power system stabilizer for damping low frequency oscillations in power system. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Innovations in Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Media Technology (ICEEIMT), Coimbatore, India, 3–4 February 2017; pp. 201–205. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ansari, J.A.; Soomro, S.A.; Memon, A.P.; Soomro, J.; Shah, M.A.; Fayazuddin. Selection of Suitable Feedforward Neural Network Based Power System Stabilizer for Robust Excitation Control System. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC/I&CPS Europe), Palermo, Italy, 12–15 June 2018; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sharma, M.K.; Vijay, A.; Pillai, G.N. Stable type-2 fuzzy logic control of TCSC to improve damping of power systems. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer, Communications and Electronics (Comptelix), Jaipur, India, 1–2 July 2017; pp. 388–393. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Masrob, M.A.; Rahman, M.A. Design of a simplified fuzzy logic power system stabilizer for dynamic reduction of a power system model. In Proceedings of the IET International Conference on Resilience of Transmission and Distribution Networks (RTDN 2017), Birmingham, UK, 26–28 September 2017; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gonzalez, M.R.; Sevilla, F.R.S.; Korba, P. Optimization free of algorithm-specific control parameters for Power System Stabilizer tuning. In Proceedings of the IEEE 61th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON), Riga, Latvia, 5–7 November 2020; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Xie, X. PSS Control of Multi Machine Power System Using Reinforcement Learning. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Robotics and Automation Sciences (ICRAS), Wuhan, China, 11–13 June 2021; pp. 132–135. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Alwahaibi, S.; Elshafei, A.L. Robust Power System Stabilization Using T-S Fuzzy Control. In Proceedings of the IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM), Portland, OR, USA, 05–10 August 2018; pp. 1–5. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Salajegheh, E.; Roudsari, R.M.; Mirzanejad, H. Designing decentralized adaptive fuzzy stabilizer in nonlinear multi-machine power system with unknown dynamic. In Proceedings of the IEEE 18th International Conference on Smart Communities: Improving Quality of Life Using ICT, IoT and AI (HONET), Karachi, Pakistan, 11–13 October 2021; pp. 88–93. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jamsheed, F.; Javed Iqbal, S. A minimal architecture neuro adaptive predictive control scheme for power system stabilizer. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2022, 137, 107750. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Douidi, B.; Mokrani, L.; Machmoum, M. A New Cascade Fuzzy Power System Stabilizer for Multi-machine System Stability Enhancement. J. Control Autom. Electr. Syst. 2019, 30, 765–779. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Saleem, B.; Badar, R.; Judge, M.A.; Manzoor, A.; ul Islam, S.; Rodrigues, J.J.P.C. Adaptive recurrent NeuroFuzzy control for power system stability in smart cities. Sustain. Energy Technol. Assess. 2021, 45, 101089. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sambariya, D.K.; Prasad, R. Selection of Membership Functions Based on Fuzzy Rules to Design an Efficient Power System Stabilizer. Int. J. Fuzzy Syst. 2017, 19, 813–828. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sadegh, M.A.; Farahani, M. Improvement of Power Systems Stability Using a New Learning Algorithm Based on Lyapunov Theory for Neural Network. Iran. J. Sci. Technol. Trans. Electr. Eng. 2017, 41, 293–303. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sabo, A.; Wahab, N.I.A.; Othman, M.L.; Mohd Jaffar, M.Z.A.; Acikgoz, H.; Beiranvand, H. Application of Neuro-Fuzzy Controller to Replace SMIB and Interconnected Multi-Machine Power System Stabilizers. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9591. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Salgotra, A.; Pan, S. Model based PI power system stabilizer design for damping low frequency oscillations in power systems. ISA Trans. 2018, 76, 110–121. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Patil, B.V.; Sampath, L.P.M.I.; Krishnan, A.; Eddy, F.Y.S. Decentralized nonlinear model predictive control of a multimachine power system. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2019, 106, 358–372. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Tusun, S.; Erceg, I.; Mehmedović, M.; Sumina, D. Decentralized Synergetic Power System Stabilizer. Electr. Eng. 2018, 100, 311–320. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhou, X.; Usman, M.; He, P.; Mastoi, M.S.; Shaobo, L. Parameter design of governor power system stabilizer to suppress ultra-low-frequency oscillations based on phase compensation. Electr. Eng. 2021, 103, 685–696. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Falehi, D.A. Optimal robust disturbance observer based sliding mode controller using multi-objective grasshopper optimization algorithm to enhance power system stability. J. Ambient. Intell. Humaniz. Comput. 2020, 11, 5045–5063. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Alotaibi, I.M.; Ibrir, S.; Abido, M.A.; Khalid, M. Nonlinear Power System Stabilizer Design for Small Signal Stability Enhancement. Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 2022, 47, 13893–13905. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hemmati, R. Power system stabilizer design based on optimal model reference adaptive system. Ain Shams Eng. J. 2018, 9, 311–318. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hadap, A.; Vaishnav, S. H-robust technique based ant optimal power system for solar energy power system stabilizer. Mater. Today Proc. 2022, 51, 118–124. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Khalil, Z.E.; El-Said Eliwa, A.E.F.; Sabry, W. A Design of a Modified Power System Stabilizer for Power System Transient Stability Enhancement. In Proceedings of the Twentieth International Middle East Power Systems Conference (MEPCON), Cairo, Egypt, 18–20 December 2018; pp. 712–717. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shankar Kar, A.; Gurrala, G. A Systematic Tuning Approach for Multi-Band Power System Stabilizers (PSS4B). In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion (SPEEDAM), Sorrento, Italy, 24–26 June 2020; pp. 628–633. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shama, F. Adaptive Power System Stabilizer Design For Interconnected Power Systems. In Proceedings of the Smart Grid Conference (SGC), Sanandaj, Iran, 28–29 November 2018; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jiang, C.; Xu, H.; Zhou, J.; Gan, D. An Iterative Design of PSS4B Stabilizers Using Contoured Controller Bode Plots. In Proceedings of the IEEE 8th International Conference on Advanced Power System Automation and Protection (APAP), Xi’an, China, 15 October 2020; pp. 354–357. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jamsheed, F.; Iqbal, S.J. Design of an Adaptive Power System Stabilizer using Robust System-Response Prediction. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Smart Grid and Renewable Energy (PESGRE2020), Cochin, India, 2–4 July 2020; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sreedivya, K.M.; Jeyanthy, P.A.; Devaraj, D. Design of an Optimal tuned Sliding Mode Controlled Power System Stabilizer for Stability Enhancement by Damping the Low Frequency Oscillations. In Proceedings of the IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON), Kochi, India, 17–20 October 2019; pp. 181–186. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Tare, A.; Patil, P.; Pande, V. Design of Fractional-order Power System Stabilizer. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Power Systems (ICPS), Jaipur, India, 20–22 December 2019; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gibbard, M.J.; Zhang, Q.; Vowles, D.J. Electric Power PSS With Ramp-Rejection. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 2020, 35, 4495–4504. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Deb Bhattacharya, S.; Gurrala, G.; Kar, A.S.; Reddy, V.; Vyas, K.S.; Nasika, D. IEEE PSS4B implementation in Static Excitation System and Hardware-in-Loop Testing with RTDS. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Power Systems Technology (POWERCON), Bangalore, India, 14–16 September 2020; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Delavari, H.; Flahzadeh, K. Robust Fractional Order Adaptive Power System Stabilizer for a Multi-Machine System. In Proceedings of the 27th Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE), Yazd, Iran, 30 April–2 May 2019; pp. 544–548. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Allaboyena, G.K.; Yilmaz, M. Robust Power System Stabilizer Modeling and Controller Synthesis Framework. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Electro Information Technology (EIT), Brookings, SD, USA, 20–22 May 2019; pp. 207–212. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sharma, R.; Puhan, S.S.; Choudhury, T.R. Sliding Mode Controller Design For Power System Stabilizer Based SMIB System. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Women in Engineering (WIE) Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (WIECON-ECE), Bhubaneswar, India, 26–27 December 2020; pp. 387–391. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Peres, W.; Coelho, F.C.R.; Costa, J.N.N. A pole placement approach for multi-band power system stabilizer tuning. Int. Trans. Electr. Energy Syst. 2020, 30, e12548. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Tare, A.V.; Mahajan, L.D.; Pande, V.N.; Vyawahare, V.A. Fractional-order Modeling and Control of Power System Stabilizer. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT), Melbourne, Australia, 13–15 February 2019; pp. 625–630. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Obaid, Z.A.; Muhssin, M.T.; Cipcigan, L.M. A model reference-based adaptive PSS4B stabilizer for the multi-machines power system. Electr. Eng. 2020, 102, 349–358. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Maherani, M.; Erlich, I.; Krost, G. Fixed order non-smooth robust H? wide area damping controller considering load uncertainties. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2020, 115, 105423. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Matsukawa, Y.; Watanabe, M.; Takahashi, H.; Mitani, Y. Optimal Placement and Tuning Approach for Design of Power System Stabilizers and Wide Area Damping Controllers Considering Transport Delay. IFAC PapersOnLine 2018, 51, 534–539. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Trentini, R.; Kutzner, R.; Bartsch, A.; Baasch, A. Damping of Interarea Modes using a GMVC-based WAPSS. IFAC PapersOnLine 2020, 53, 13539–13544. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yadykin, I.B.; Tomin, N.V.; Iskakov, A.B.; Galyaev, I.A. Optimal adaptive control of electromechanical oscillations modes in power systems. IFAC PapersOnLine 2022, 55, 134–139. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Raimundo, N.D.; Filho, C.; Paucar, V.L. A multi-objective optimization model for robust tuning of wide-area PSSs for enhancement and control of power system angular stability. Results Control Optim. 2021, 3, 100011. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lala, J.A.O.; Gallardo, C.F. Adaptive Tuning of Power System Stabilizer Using a Damping Control Strategy Considering Stochastic Time Delay. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 124254–124264. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ke, D.; Shen, F.; Chung, C.Y.; Zhang, C.; Xu, J.; Sun, Y. Application of Information Gap Decision Theory to the Design of Robust Wide-Area Power System Stabilizers Considering Uncertainties of Wind Power. IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy 2018, 9, 805–817. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Farahani, A.; Abolmasoumi, A.H.; Bayat, M. Fusion Estimation of Local Bus Frequency for Robust Wide Area Power System Stabilizer. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Control, Instrumentation and Automation (ICCIA), Tabriz, Iran, 23–24 February 2021; pp. 1–5. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Saadatmand, M.; Mozafari, B.; Gharehpetian, G.B.; Soleymani, S. Optimal coordinated tuning of power system stabilizers and wide-area measurement-based fractional-order PID controller of large-scale PV farms for LFO damping in smart grids. Int. Trans. Electr. Energy Syst. 2021, 31, e12612. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Patel, A.; Ghosh, S.; Folly, K.A. Inter-area oscillation damping with non-synchronised wide-area power system stabiliser. IET Gener. Transm. Distrib. 2018, 12, 3070–3078. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Fathollahi, A.; Kargar, A.; Derakhshandeh, S.Y. Enhancement of power system transient stability and voltage regulation performance with decentralized synergetic TCSC controller. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2022, 135, 107533. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shafiullah, M.; Rana, M.J.; Shahriar, M.S.; Zahir, M.H. Low-frequency oscillation damping in the electric network through the optimal design of UPFC coordinated PSS employing MGGP. Measurement 2019, 138, 118–131. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mejia-Ruiz, G.E.; Paternina, M.R.A.; Sevilla, F.R.S.; Korba, P. Fast hierarchical coordinated controller for distributed battery energy storage systems to mitigate voltage and frequency deviations. Appl. Energy 2022, 323, 119622. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Guesmi, T.; Alshammari, B.M.; Almalaq, Y.; Alateeq, A.; Alqunun, K. New Coordinated Tuning of SVC and PSSs in Multimachine Power System Using Coyote Optimization Algorithm. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3131. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mahdiyeh, E.; Neshat, M.; Khalid, S.A. A Novel Hybrid Sine Cosine Algorithm and Pattern Search for Optimal Coordination of Power System Damping Controllers. Sustainability 2019, 14, 541. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yathisha, L.; Patilkulkarni, S. LQR and LQG based optimal switching techniques for PSS and UPFC in power systems. Control Theory Technol. 2018, 16, 25–37. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Himaja, K.; Surendra, T.S.; Kalyani, S.T. Optimal Control Techniques Design to the Coordinated Control of Series Vectorial Compensator with Power System Stabilizers. J. Inst. Eng. Ser. B 2020, 101, 745–752. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Filho, D.C.R.N.; Paucar, V.L. Robust and Coordinated Tuning of PSS and FACTS-PODs of Interconnected Systems Considering Signal Transmission Delay Using Ant Lion Optimizer. J. Control Autom. Electr. Syst. 2018, 29, 625–639. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sankar, S.; Kumar, M.N.S.; Sangeetha, S.; Radhika, S.; Prabhu, P. Stability improvement on industrial load using current controlled voltage regulator. Mater. Today Proc. 2020, 33, 642–649. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sajid, S.; Zheng, Q.; Laraib, S.R.; Hussain, A.; Majeed, F. An impact of influence of power system operating condition over different type of PSS in a SMIB. In Proceedings of the IEEE Student Conference on Electric Machines and Systems, Huzhou, China, 14–16 December 2018; pp. 1–5. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Baraean, A.M.; Al-Duwaish, H.N. Coordinated Design of a Fuzzy Logic Power System Stabilizer and an SVC-based Stabilizer for Single-Machine Infinite-Bus Power System. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Control, Decision and Information Technologies (CoDIT), Thessaloniki, Greece, 10–13 April 2018; pp. 464–469. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Muzaffer, I.; ud din Mufti, M. Modeling of a multi-machine system aided with power system stabilizers and shunt compensator for transient stability enhancement. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy, Communication, Data Analytics and Soft Computing (ICECDS), Chennai, India, 1–2 August 2017; pp. 1716–1721. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shahgholian, G.; Mahdavian, M.; Ganji, E.; Eshaghpour, I.; Matouri, M.; Janghorbani, M. Transient stability enhancement of a two-machine power system using SVC and PSS: A comparative study. In Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology (ECTI-CON), Phuket, Thailand, 27–30 July 2017; pp. 103–106. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kamari, N.A.M.; Musirin, I.; Ibrahim, A.A. Swarm Intelligence Approach for Angle Stability Improvement of PSS and SVC-Based SMIB. J. Electr. Eng. Technol. 2020, 15, 1001–1014. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bhukya, J.; Mahajan, V. Optimization of controllers parameters for damping local area oscillation to enhance the stability of an interconnected system with wind farm. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2020, 119, 105877. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Renedo, J.; Rouco, L.; García-Cerrada, A.; Sigrist, L. A communication-free reactive-power control strategy in VSC-HVDC multi-terminal systems to improve transient stability. Electr. Power Syst. Res. 2019, 174, 105854. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Fan, G.; Yang, F.; Guo, P.; Xue, C.; Farkoush, S.G.; Karimpoor, M.J. A new model of connected renewable resource with power system and damping of low frequency oscillations by a new coordinated stabilizer based on modified multi-objective optimization algorithm. Sustain. Energy Technol. Assess. 2021, 47, 101356. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Dey, P.; Saha, A.; Bhattacharya, A.; Marungsri, B. Analysis of the Effects of PSS and Renewable Integration to an Inter-Area Power Network to Improve Small Signal Stability. J. Electr. Eng. Technol. 2020, 15, 2057–2077. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mustapha, H.; Buhari, M. A Dynamic Genetic Algorithm Based Power System Stabilizer for Improving Small-signal Stability of Grid-Connected PV System. In Proceedings of the Conferences IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica, Nairobi, Kenya, 25–28 August 2020; pp. 1–5. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sadamoto, T.; Ishizaki, T.; Imura, J.I.; Kato, T. Retrofitting Based Power System Stabilizer Design of PV-Integrated Power Systems. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Control Technology and Applications (CCTA), Copenhagen, Denmark, 21–24 August 2018; pp. 40–45. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Arunagirinathan, P.; Wei, Y.; Arzani, A.; Venayagamoorthy, G.K. Wide-Area Situational Awareness based Power System Stabilizer Tuning with Utility Scale PV Integration. In Proceedings of the Clemson University Power Systems Conference (PSC), Charleston, SC, USA, 4–7 September 2018; pp. 1–8. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Edrah, M.; Zhao, X.; Hung, W.; Qi, P.; Marshall, B.; Baloch, S.; Karcanias, A. Electromechanical interactions of full scale converter wind turbine with power oscillation damping and inertia control. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2022, 135, 107522. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bhukya, J.; Mahajan, V. Modelling of Power System Stabilizer for Double Fed Induction Generator based Wind Power System. In Proceedings of the IEEE 8th Power India International Conference (PIICON), Kurukshetra, India, 10–12 December 2018; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- He, W. Phase-Locked Loop Is a Kind of Power System Stabilizer. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 2019, 34, 5080–5082. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Alsakati, A.A.; Vaithilingam, C.; Aravind, R.B.; Khujaev, A. Power System Stabilizer for Stability Enhancement of Wind Generators Connected to Power System. In Proceedings of the IEEE 19th Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD), Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, 23–25 November 2021; pp. 245–250. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Nogueira, F.G.; Junior, W.B.; da Costa Junior, C.T.; Lana, J.J. LPV-based power system stabilizer: Identification, control and field tests. Control. Eng. Pract. 2018, 72, 53–67. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Abubakr, H.; Vasquez, J.C.; Mahmoud, K.; Darwish, M.M.F.; Guerrero, J.M. Robust PID-PSS Design for Stability Improvment of Grid-Tied HydroTurbine Generator. In Proceedings of the 22nd International Middle East Power Systems Conference (MEPCON), Assiut, Egypt, 14–16 December 2021; pp. 607–612. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sharma, K.K.; Gupta, A.; Kaur, G.; Kumar, R.; Chohan, J.S.; Sharma, S.; Singh, J.; Khalilpoor, N.; Issakhov, A. Power quality and transient analysis for a utility-tied interfaced distributed hybrid wind-hydro controls renewable energy generation system using generic and multiband power system stabilizers. Energy Rep. 2021, 7, 5034–5044. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Manmai, S.; Romphochai, S.; Janjamraj, N.; Ngaemngam, S.; Bhumkittipich, K. Load Frequency Control of Large Scale PV-BESS Generation Installation using Power System Stabilizer. In Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), Gyeongju, Korea, 31 October–3 November 2021; pp. 2378–2381. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rajbongshi, R.; Saikia, L.C.; Tasnin, W.; Saha, A.; Saha, D. Performance Analysis of Combined ALFC and AVR System Incorporating Power System Stabilizer. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Power, Energy and Environment: Towards Smart Technology (ICEPE), Shillong, India, 1–2 June 2018; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Li, Z.; Tiong, T.; Wong, K. Transient Stability Improvement by using PSS4C in Hybrid PV Wind Power System. In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Electrical, Control and Instrumentation Engineering (ICECIE), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 25 November 2019; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Veerashekar, K.; Flick, M.; Luther, M. The micro-hybrid method to assess transient stability quantitatively in pooled off-grid microgrids. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2020, 117, 105727. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mijbas, A.F.; Hasan, B.A.A.; Salah, H.A. Optimal Stabilizer PID Parameters Tuned by Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization for Damping Low Frequency Oscillations (LFO) for Single Machine Infinite Bus system (SMIB). J. Electr. Eng. Technol. 2020, 15, 1577–1584. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gude, M.K.; Salma, U. A novel approach of PSS optimal parameter tuning in a multi-area power system using hybrid butterfly optimization algorithm—Particle swarm optimization. Int. J. Syst. Assur. Eng. Manag. 2022, 13, 2619–2628. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rodrigues, F.; Molina, Y.; Silva, C.; Naupari, Z. Simultaneous tuning of the AVR and PSS parameters using particle swarm optimization with oscillating exponential decay. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2021, 133, 107215. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Dasu, B.; Kumar, M.S.; Rao, R.S. Design of robust modified power system stabilizer for dynamic stability improvement using Particle Swarm Optimization technique. Ain Shams Eng. J. 2019, 10, 769–783. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Khader, A.H.; Yakout, A.H.; El-Sharkawy, M. Damping Interarea Oscillations Using PID Power System Stabilizer With Grey Wolf Algorithm and Particle Swarm Algorithm. In Proceedings of the 21st International Middle East Power Systems Conference (MEPCON), Cairo, Egypt, 17–19 December 2019; pp. 330–336. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yi, J.; Zhang, G.; Huang, Q.; Teng, Y.; Zhang, P. Multi-machine Power System Stabilizers Optimal Design Considering Multiple Operating Modes. In Proceedings of the IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies—Asia (ISGT Asia), Chengdu, China, 21–24 May 2019; pp. 33–37. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shafla, J.H.; Laly, M.J. Optimal Design of Power System Stabilizer for Damping Low Frequency Oscillations in a Multi-Machine Power System. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Power Electronics and Renewable Energy Applications (PEREA), Kannur, India, 27–28 November 2020; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Santra, S.; Paul, S. PSO based weight selection and design of fixed structure robust power system stabilizer. In Proceedings of the IEEE Calcutta Conference (CALCON), Kolkata, India, 2–3 December 2017; pp. 114–119. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sharma, R.; Solomon, K. Robust decentralized fast output sampling technique via reduced order models based power system stabilizer for multimachine power system. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Information, Communication, Instrumentation and Control (ICICIC), Indore, India, 17–19 August 2017; pp. 1–11. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, D.; Ma, N.; Wei, M.; Liu, Y. Parameters tuning of power system stabilizer PSS4B using hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm. Int. Trans. Electr. Energy Syst. 2018, 28, e2598. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kabat, S.R.; Panigrahi, C.K.; Kumar, A. Computationally Fast Particle Swarm Optimization Power System Stabilizer Design for Interconnected Multimachine Power System. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Electrical Energy Systems (ICEES), Chennai, India, 11–13 February 2021; pp. 496–501. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jebali, M.; Kahouli, O.; Abdallah, H.H. Optimizing PSS parameters for a multi-machine power system using genetic algorithm and neural network techniques. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 2017, 90, 2669–2688. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Guesmi, T.; Farah, A.; Abdallah, H.H.; Ouali, A. Robust design of multimachine power system stabilizers based on improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithms. Electr. Eng. 2018, 100, 1351–1363. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kang, R.D.; Martinez, E.A.; Viveros, E.C. Coordinated tuning of power system controllers using parallel genetic algorithms. Electr. Power Syst. Res. 2021, 190, 106628. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shafiullah, M.; Rana, M.J.; Alam, M.S.; Abido, M.A. Online tuning of power system stabilizer employing genetic programming for stability enhancement. J. Electr. Syst. Inf. Technol. 2018, 5, 287–299. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mustapha, H.; Buhari, M.; Ahmad, A.S. An Improved Genetic Algorithm based Power System Stabilizer for power system stabilization. In Proceedings of the IEEE AFRICON, Accra, Ghana, 25–27 September 2019; pp. 1–5. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zheng, X.; Wu, N.; Yi, J. Development of a Hybrid Simulation Technology to Optimize Parameters of Multiple Power System Stabilizers. In Proceedings of the 5th Asia Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering (ACPEE), Chengdu, China, 4–7 June 2020; pp. 488–492. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Keskes, S.; Bouchiba, N.; Sallem, S.; Chrifi-Alaoui, L.; Kammoun, M.B.A. Optimal tuning of power system stabilizer using genetic algorithm to improve power system stability. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Green Energy Conversion Systems (GECS), Hammamet, Tunisia, 23–25 March 2017; pp. 1–5. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sabo, A.; Wahab, N.I.A.; Othman, M.L.; Jaffar, M.Z.A.B.M.; Acikgoz, H.; Nafisi, H.; Shahinzadeh, H. Artificial Intelligence-Based Power System Stabilizers for Frequency Stability Enhancement in Multi-Machine Power Systems. IEEE Access 2021, 9, 166095–166116. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sabo, A.; Wahab, N.I.A.; Othman, M.L. Coordinated Design of PSS and IPFC Using FFA to Control Low Frequency Oscillations. In Proceedings of the IEEE 19th Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD), Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, 23–25 November 2021; pp. 201–206. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sabo, A.; Wahab, N.I.A.; Othman, M.L.; Jaffar, M.Z.A.M.; Beiranvand, H. Optimal design of power system stabilizer for multimachine power system using farmland fertility algorithm. Int. Trans. Electr. Energy Syst. 2020, 30, e12657. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Devarapalli, R.; Bhattacharyya, B.; Sinha, N.K.; Dey, B. Amended GWO approach based multi-machine power system stability enhancement. ISA Trans. 2021, 109, 152–174. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Devarapalli, R.; Bhattacharyya, B. A hybrid modified grey wolf optimization-sine cosine algorithm-based power system stabilizer parameter tuning in a multimachine power system. Optim. Control Appl. Methods 2020, 41, 1143–1159. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gurung, S.; Jurado, F.; Naetiladdanon, S.; Sangswang, A. Comparative analysis of probabilistic and deterministic approach to tune the power system stabilizers using the directional bat algorithm to improve system small-signal stability. Electr. Power Syst. Res. 2020, 181, 106176. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chaib, L.; Choucha, A.; Arif, S. Optimal design and tuning of novel fractional order PID power system stabilizer using a new metaheuristic Bat algorithm. Ain Shams Eng. J. 2017, 8, 113–125. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Prakash, T.; Singh, V.P.; Mohanty, S.R. A synchrophasor measurement based wide-area power system stabilizer design for inter-area oscillation damping considering variable time-delays. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2019, 105, 131–141. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Farah, A.; Kahouli, A.; Guesmi, T.; Abdallah, H.H. Dual-Input Power System Stabilizer Design via JAYA Algorithm. In Proceedings of the 15th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals & Devices (SSD), Yasmine Hammamet, Tunisia, 19–22 March 2018; pp. 744–749. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Islam, M.S.; Islam, M.R.; Shafiullah, M.; Azam, M.S. Dragonfly Algorithm for Robust Tuning of Power System Stabilizers in Multimachine Networks. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Advancement in Electrical and Electronic Engineering (ICAEEE), Gazipur, Bangladesh, 24–26 February 2022; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gude, M.K.; Salma, U. Artificial Gorilla Troops Optimizer for Tuning Power System Stabilizer Control Parameters. In Proceedings of the IEEE 2nd International Conference On Electrical Power and Energy Systems (ICEPES), Bhopal, India, 10–11 December 2021; pp. 1–5. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Martins, L.F.B.; de Araujo, P.B.; de Vargas Fortes, E.; Macedo, L.H. Design of the PI–UPFC–POD and PSS Damping Controllers Using an Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm. J. Control Autom. Electr. Syst. 2017, 28, 762–773. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- De Marco, F.; Rullo, P. Damped Nyquist Plot for the Phase and Gain Optimization of Power System Stabilizers. Electr. Power Syst. Res. 2022, 205, 107708. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Huang, C.; Xu, Q.; Zhao, S. Tuning of power system stabilizer for large nuclear turbine-generator. In Proceedings of the IEEE 3rd International Future Energy Electronics Conference and ECCE Asia (IFEEC 2017—ECCE Asia), Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 3–7 June 2017; pp. 1882–1885. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mbuli, N.; Ngaha, W.S. A survey of big bang big crunch optimisation in power systems. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2022, 155, 111848. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kumara, K.; Srinaivasan, A.D. Design of pole placement power system stabilizer for SMIB-effect of operating conditions. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Electrical, Electronics, Communication, Computer, and Optimization Techniques (ICEECCOT), Mysuru, India, 15–16 December 2017; pp. 518–523. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lakshmi, A.S.V.V.; Kumar, M.S.; Raju, M.R. Optimal Robust PID-PSS Design for Melioration of Power System Stability Using Search and Rescue Algorithm. J. Control Autom. Electr. Syst. 2021, 32, 968–982. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kumara, K.; Srinivasan, A.D. Design of optimal controllers for the power system stabilizer—Effect of operating conditions. In Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Communication Technologies (ICECCT), Coimbatore, India, 22–24 February 2017; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- El-Dabah, M.A.; Kamel, S.; Abido, M.A.Y.; Khan, B. Optimal tuning of fractional-order proportional, integral, derivative and tilt-integral-derivative based power system stabilizers using Runge Kutta optimizer. Eng. Rep. 2022, 4, e12492. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Choudhary, R.; Rathor, B.; Sharma, V.K.; Anmol. Robust Discrete Mode Stabilizers for Heffron-Phillips SMIB Model. In Proceedings of the IEEE First International Conference on Smart Technologies for Power, Energy and Control (STPEC), Nagpur, India, 25–26 September 2020; pp. 1–5. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Panyarat, T.; Uatrongjit, S. Robust Optimization of Power System Stabilizer Parameters Based on Pole Placement. In Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology (ECTI-CON), Chiang Mai, Thailand, 19–22 May 2021; pp. 176–179. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Aradyamath, S.; Kumara, K.; Srinivasan, A.D. Enhanced Performance of Integrated Power System Stabilizer–Effect of Operating Conditions. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Current Trends in Computer, Electrical, Electronics and Communication (CTCEEC), Mysore, India, 8–9 September 2017; pp. 508–512. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mohandes, B.; Abdelmagid, Y.L.; Boiko, I. Development of PSS tuning rules using multi-objective optimization. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2018, 100, 449–462. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Nikolaev, N.; Rangelov, Y.; Panosyan, A.; Trinh, N.T. PSS/E Based Power System Stabilizer Tuning Tool. In Proceedings of the 21st International Symposium on Electrical Apparatus & Technologies (SIELA), Bourgas, Bulgaria, 3–6 June 2020; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Dey, P.; Bhattacharya, A.; Datta, J.; Das, P. Small signal stability improvement of large interconnected power systems using power system stabilizer. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference for Convergence in Technology (I2CT), Mumbai, India, 7–9 April 2017; pp. 753–760. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Baadji, B.; Bentarzi, H.; Belagoune, S. Memetic Algorithm for Coordinated design of Power System Stabilizers in multimachine system. In Proceedings of the Algerian Large Electrical Network Conference (CAGRE), Algiers, Algeria, 26–28 February 2019; pp. 1–5. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ekinci, S.; Hekimoglu, B. Parameter optimization of power system stabilizer via Salp Swarm algorithm. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Engineering (ICEEE), Istanbul, Turkey, 3–5 May 2018; pp. 143–147. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Dey, P.; Bhattacharya, A.; Das, P. Tuning of Power System Stabilizers in Multi-Machine Power Systems Using Moth Flame Optimization. In Proceedings of the International Electrical Engineering Congress (iEECON), Krabi, Thailand, 7–9 March 2018; pp. 1–4. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Han, W.; Stankovic, A.M. Koopman Model Predictive Control-based Power System Stabilizer Design. In Proceedings of the 52nd North American Power Symposium (NAPS), Tempe, AZ, USA, 11–13 April 2021; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhu, X.; Jin, T. Research of Control Strategy of Power System Stabilizer Based on Reinforcement Learning. In Proceedings of the IEEE 2nd International Conference on Circuits and Systems (ICCS), Chengdu, China, 10–13 December 2020; pp. 81–85. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Baadji, B.; Bentarzi, H.; Mati, A. Robust Wide Area Power System Stabilizers Design in Multimachine System based on Backtracking Search Optimization. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Smart Systems (ICASS), Medea, Algeria, 24–25 November 2018; pp. 1–5. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Arunagirinathan, P.; Venayagamoorthy, G.K. Situational Awareness of Power System Stabilizers’ Performance in Energy Control Centers. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE), Glasgow, UK, 19–24 July 2020; pp. 1–8. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rahmatian, M.; Seyedtabaii, S. Multi-machine optimal power system stabilizers design based on system stability and nonlinearity indices using Hyper-Spherical Search method. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2019, 105, 729–740. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gomes, S.; Guimaraes, C.H.C.; Martins, N.; Taranto, G.N. Damped Nyquist Plot for a pole placement design of power system stabilizers. Electr. Power Syst. Res. 2018, 158, 158–169. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Du, W.; Dong, W.; Wang, Y.; Wang, H. A Method to Design Power System Stabilizers in a Multi-Machine Power System Based on Single-Machine Infinite-Bus System Model. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 2021, 36, 3475–3486. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Tayeb, J.H.; Islam, M.R.; Shafiullah, M.; Gani, S.M.A.; Hossain, M.I. Robust Power System Stabilizer for Multi-machine Power Networks using Tunicate Swarm Algorithm. In Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS), Coimbatore, India, 23–25 February 2022; pp. 1761–1766. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Faraji, A.; Naghshbandy, A.H. A combined approach for power system stabilizer design using continuous wavelet transform and SQP algorithm. Int. Trans. Electr. Energy Syst. 2019, 29, e2768. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Alshammari, B.M.; Guesmi, T. New Chaotic Sunflower Optimization Algorithm for Optimal Tuning of Power System Stabilizers. J. Electr. Eng. Technol. 2020, 15, 1985–1997. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chitara, D.; Niazi, K.R.; Swarnkar, A.; Gupta, N. Cuckoo Search Optimization algorithm for designing of multimachine Power System Stabilizer. In Proceedings of the IEEE 1st International Conference on Power Electronics, Intelligent Control and Energy Systems (ICPEICES), Delhi, India, 4–6 July 2016; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ghosh, S.; Isbeih, Y.J.; El Moursi, M.S.; El-Saadany, E.F. Cross-Gramian Model Reduction Approach for Tuning Power System Stabilizers in Large Power Networks. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 2020, 35, 1911–1922. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kumar, K.; Prakash, A.; Parida, S.K.; Ghosh, S.; Kumar, C. Coordinated Tuning of AVRs and PSSs for Local and Inter-Area Modes of Oscillation in Eastern Regional Grid of India. In Proceedings of the IEEE 2nd International Conference on Smart Technologies for Power, Energy and Control (STPEC), Bilaspur, India, 19–22 December 2021; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Soliman, H.M.; Alazki, H.; Poznyak, A.S. Robust stabilization of power systems subject to a series of lightning strokes modeled by Markov jumps: Attracting ellipsoids approach. J. Frankl. Inst. 2022, 359, 3389–3404. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Peres, W.; Silva Júnior, I.C.; Passos Filho, J.A. Gradient based hybrid metaheuristics for robust tuning of power system stabilizers. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2018, 95, 47–72. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gandhi, O.; Kumar, D.S.; Rodríguez-Gallegos, C.D.; Srinivasan, D. Review of power system impacts at high PV penetration Part I: Factors limiting PV penetration. Sol. Energy 2020, 210, 181–201. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kumar, D.S.; Gandhi, O.; Rodríguez-Gallegos, C.D.; Srinivasan, D. Review of power system impacts at high PV penetration Part II: Potential solutions and the way forward. Sol. Energy 2020, 210, 202–221. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hossain, M.A.; Pota, H.R.; Hossain, M.J.; Blaabjerg, F. Evolution of microgrids with converter-interfaced generations: Challenges and opportunities. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2019, 109, 160–186. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hamilton, R.I.; Papadopoulos, P.N.; Bell, K. An investigation into spatial and temporal aspects of transient stability in power systems with increasing renewable generation. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2020, 115, 105486. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Nkosi, N.R.; Bansal, R.C.; Adefarati, T.; Naidoo, R.M.; Bansal, S.K. A review of small-signal stability analysis of DFIG-based wind power system. Int. J. Model. Simul. 2022. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hannan, M.A.; Islam, N.N.; Mohamed, A.; Lipu, M.S.H.; Ker, P.J.; Rashid, M.M.; Shareef, H. Artificial Intelligent Based Damping Controller Optimization for the Multi-Machine Power System: A Review. IEEE Access 2018, 6, 39574–39594. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Obaid, Z.A.; Cipcigan, L.M.; Muhssin, M.T. Power system oscillations and control: Classifications and PSSs’ design methods: A review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2017, 79, 839–849. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rafique, Z.; Khalid, H.M.; Muyeen, S.M.; Kamwa, I. Bibliographic review on power system oscillations damping: An era of conventional grids and renewable energy integration. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2022, 136, 107556. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Devarapalli, R.; Sinha, N.K.; Márquez, F.P.G. A Review on the Computational Methods of Power System Stabilizer for Damping Power Network Oscillations. Arch. Comput. Methods Eng. 2022, 29, 3713–3739. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Benasla, M.; Denaï, M.; Liang, J.; Allaoui, T.; Brahami, M. Performance of wide-area power system stabilizers during major system upsets: Investigation and proposal of solutions. Electr. Eng. 2021, 103, 1417–1431. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Okakwu, I.K.; Ogujor, E.A.; Airoboman, A.E. Enhancement of power system transient stability—A review. IOSR J. Electr. Electron. Eng. IOSR-JEEE 2017, 12, 32–36. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Maity, S.; Ramya, R. A comprehensive review of damping of low frequencyoscillations in power systems. Int. J. Innov. Technol. Explor. Eng. 2019, 8, 2278–3075. [Google Scholar]
- Demello, F.P.; Concordia, C. Concepts of synchronous machine stability as affected by excitation control. IEEE Trans. Power Appar. Syst. 1969, 88, 316–329. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Paszek, S.; Nocoń, A.; Pruski, P. The use of PSS2A system stabilisers to damp electromechanical swings in medium voltage networks with distributed energy sources. Arch. Electr. Eng. 2022, 71, 717–729. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Klein, M.; Rogers, G.J.; Kundur, P. A fundamental study of inter-area oscillations in power systems. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 1991, 6, 914–921. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Izdebski, M.; Małkowski, R.; Miller, P. New Performance Indices for Power System Stabilizers. Energies 2022, 15, 9582. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Reliability Guideline Power Plant Model Verification and Testing for Synchronous Machines; NERC: Atlanta, GA, USA, 2018. Available online: https://www.nerc.com/comm/RSTC_Reliability_Guidelines/Reliability_Guideline_-_PPMV_for_Synchronous_Machines_-_2018-06-29.pdf (accessed on 1 December 2022).
- Power System Stabilizer Tuning Guidelines; WECC: Salt Lake City, UT, USA, 2004. Available online: https://www.wecc.org/Reliability/PowerSystemStabilizerTuningGuidelines.pdf (accessed on 1 December 2022).
- WECC Power System Stabilizer Design and Performance Criteria; WECC: Salt Lake City, UT, USA, 2004; Available online: http://rmpsinc.com/resources/WECC_PSS_Design_and_Performance_Criteria (accessed on 1 December 2022).
- Larsen, E.V.; Swann, D.A. Applying Power System Stabilizers, Part I, II, III. IEEE Trans. Power Appar. Syst. 1981, 100, 3017–3041. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Pourbeik, P.; Gibbard, M.J. Simultaneous coordination of power system stabilizers and FACTS device stabilizers in a multimachine power system for enhancing dynamic performance. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 1998, 13, 473–479. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Detailed Comments | Paper |
---|---|
A paper on general issues related to PS stability. PSs with different, complex structures of power network were analyzed. Particular attention was paid to the problems of PS management (its control) resulting from current changes in the power network. Only 52 items were referred to in the literature list, but the paper should be treated as a literature review in the analyzed topic. The authors, through a critical analysis of the existing solutions, presented a possible transition path from the current, hierarchical control system (PS) to a new structure that, according to the authors, supports the decarbonization of electricity generation. | [8] |
In this paper, the authors presented the problems occurring in PSs related to the relatively high power generation by photovoltaic (PV) sources and proposed solutions that could help reduce these problems. | [9] |
This paper presents the current problem regarding the increase in the number of electricity sources characterized by stochastic changes in the generated power, which result in stochastic changes in frequency in PSs. The authors proposed new methods of PS modeling, taking into account distributed generation with stochastic properties. | [10] |
This paper describes the problems related to PSSs installed in an Indian PS. The authors presented many interesting technical problems. | [11] |
In this paper, the authors proposed the use of properly tuned (e.g., optimized by simultaneous tuning of many stabilizers) classic PSSs to damp inter-area oscillations as an alternative to expensive FACTS systems. | [13] |
This paper, through a thorough analysis of the hydraulic-mechanical part of a generator drive system, presents a justification for the need to take into account turbine model in electromechanical tests of transients, as well as in the optimization of PSS parameters and voltage regulators (AVRs). However, the authors in their research unfortunately used a simplified generator and network model (SMIB), which might lead to a lack of reliability of the obtained results. | [14] |
The authors presented a solution to the problem of limiting the allowable gain in a PSS main circuit resulting from the provisions of the “guide for setting test of power system stabilizer” of China. By modifying the structure of a PSS, improvement in the damping of inter-area oscillations was achieved. | [15] |
In this paper, an interesting modification of the structure of a lead-lag single-entry power system stabilizer improving its properties was presented. | [16] |
The paper concerns research related to the first nuclear power plant in Egypt (El-Dabaa). The authors, apart from specifying the stabilizer for the actual generating unit, presented the parameters of a mathematical model of this unit. | [17] |
The authors presented research leading to the elimination of low-frequency swings in PSs. The influence of several PSSs installed in Spanish power plants on the damping of inter-area swings (0.15 Hz) occurring in the European system was analyzed. The appendix to the paper provides the parameters of the mathematical models used. | [24] |
In this paper, an analysis of the event (disturbance) that took place in Canada on 22 May 2018 is presented. This event caused power oscillations in a PS. The PSS-E program from Siemens was used for the simulation tests. | [25] |
In this paper, research on the Iraqi Super Grid is presented. Unfortunately, despite being a case study, only the results for a 14-machine test system (South-East Australian) were included. | [26] |
The authors of this paper used Power System Computer-Aided Design software (PSCAD) to carry out simulation tests. The Tehri Hydropower Plant (HPP) and Koteshwar HPP high-power hydropower plants in India, part of the Tehri Hydro Power Complex with an installed capacity of 2400 MW, were investigated. | [27] |
This paper concerns a technical problem that occurs in real control systems, i.e., the influence of the PSS dead zone on the operation of a stabilizer and the principles of design of this dead zone. | [28] |
The authors, using research on transient states in PSs, presented an interesting alternative to Matlab, i.e., the SCILAB program. | [31] |
The paper presents, among others, measurements made at the Power System Stability Laboratory of TU Sofia. The authors presented a lot of results of simulation tests obtained with the use of ready-made models from the Matlab toolbox. | [32] |
The authors presented measurements and analyses of the operation of a power plant in Inner Mongolia (China) under the load of two generators at 70% and 30% of the rated power. | [34] |
Using stability studies, the authors presented the possibilities of the Power World Simulator program for the investigation of transients in PSs. | [35] |
In this paper, an analysis of the influence of excitation systems on electromechanical transients is presented. Two types of excitation systems, DC1A and ST1A [50], were tested. | [36] |
This paper presents a two-input, “single-band” stabilizer of the PSS3B type rarely described in the literature. According to the author, the paper aimed to fill the gap in the PSS3B’s ability to provide good phase compensation for a wide frequency range. Two PS models, three- and two- machine ones, were analyzed. The summary presented conclusions and technical recommendations, e.g., regarding the advantages and disadvantages of the PSS3B stabilizer, including the possibility of damping torsional oscillations. | [37] |
Using DigSILENT Power Factory software, the authors presented the risks associated with increase in PS power generation by wind turbines. | [39] |
Using the ETAP program, the authors presented the problem of transients occurring in a PS with connected generating units, including wind, photovoltaic, and Diesel engine. | [40] |
The authors present studies on the actual fragment of the large PS (Yunnan - China Southern) containing HVDC links. The analyzed PS fragment contains as many as 7 HVDC links. The paper presents a solution to the described problems. | [41] |
Detailed Comments | Paper |
---|---|
The introduction to this paper contains a very extensive literature review containing 42 items. | [54] |
One of the goals of the tuning described in the paper was to minimize the overshoot and maximize the undershoot of the angular speed deviation. In this context, it seems that there was lack of in-depth analysis of the impact of such a criterion on the generator terminal voltage waveforms. | [55] |
When examining the transients in a SMIB system, the authors assumed, among others, an unusual disturbance in the form of a load power change of 0.2 p.u. | [64] |
The authors emphasized the practical importance of classic PSSs (i.e., not based on artificial intelligence) resulting from their simpler structure and ease of tuning. | [78] |
It is worth comparing these two selected papers due to the very similar, partially repeated investigations. One paper [68] is from the conference taking place on 30 April–3 May 2017 (date added to IEEE Xplore: 15 June 2017), while the other paper [67] is from the conference on 21–24 May 2017 (date added to IEEE Xplore: 7 August 2017). | [67,68] |
In Section 2 of this paper, the concept of modeling uncertainty used in creating the model was introduced. To identify the system, a test signal introduced as a reference value to the generator excitation system was used. The signal was a square wave with a relatively large amplitude of ±0.2 p.u. | [76] |
The authors of this paper presented research in which PS electromechanical transients caused, among others, by asymmetrical short circuits, i.e., single-phase fault-to-ground, were analyzed. Nevertheless, the applied mathematical model did not take into account asymmetric states and did not assume subtransient symmetry (Xd” for all three machines was different than Xq”—a more extensive description of the model used is presented in [47] from the reference list of this paper). | [77] |
The paper provides a broad review of the literature on various ways of stabilizing PSs. | [79] |
In the introduction to this paper, the authors presented a list of selected failures caused by power swings in PSs. | [83] |
Detailed Comments | Paper |
---|---|
In the introduction to this paper, an extensive literature review was carried out in which as many as 49 items were analyzed. In the research, a step change in the reference voltage from 0.9 to 0.8 p.u was used as the cause of the transient. When analyzing the recorded waveforms during laboratory tests, a typical phenomenon could be noticed: improvement in the generator power waveform caused by the operation of PSS deteriorated the voltage waveform (Figure 5, page 220). | [7] |
This paper presents a PSS based on the use of artificial intelligence methods as a stabilizer for a static synchronous series compensator (SSSC). This is a good example illustrating the fact that the use of a PSS in a PS is no longer reserved only for the excitation systems of synchronous generators. Such a situation has been forced by changes in PS structure and, in particular, the connection of renewable sources that adversely affect the stability of a system. | [80] |
This paper presents comparative studies of the effectiveness of the operation of many different types of PSSs working in SMIBs. | [84] |
In this paper, a stabilizer using Park real-time transformation was proposed. The obtained results were experimentally verified using a synchronous generator with an apparent power of 83 kVA. | [86] |
In this paper, a specific problem observed in a real PS is presented. “In April 2016, when an asynchronous connection test was performed to connect the Yunnan power grid to China Southern Power Grid (main grid), a ultra-low-frequency oscillations arose in the Yunnan power grid with an oscillation frequency of 0.05 Hz and amplitude of 0.1 Hz.” (page 1) The authors modeled this case and proposed a solution to the problem. | [87] |
In simulation studies, the authors analyzed changes untypical for real systems causing the transient state in a PS, namely a large step change of 30% in field voltage and a step change in mechanical power of up to 10 p.u. for a duration of 10 ms (page 5059). | [88] |
This paper contains an extensive theoretical introduction. The authors referred to only 20 items; however, the issues under consideration were described in detail. | [91] |
In the simulation studies presented in this paper, the authors used a 10% step change in mechanical torque as the cause of a transient state in a PS. It is also worth noting that, in the tested PS, in the steady state (before and after the disturbance), the terminal voltage had a large value of 1.172 p.u. (Figure 4b, page 714). The authors included only two sentences in the conclusion. | [92] |
Using the example of this paper, it is worth asking the following question: why is a “broadband” PSS (which is for damping electromechanical swings in a wide frequency range) such as a PSS4B tested in a single-machine system (SMIB)? In real PSs, power swings are usually associated with the simultaneous influence of many generating units. | [93] |
This paper presents research on two PSs. In the first part, the authors used a popular 4M2A system. The second part describes a large system—the North China System—consisting of 547 generating units and 8647 lines. It is a pity that the authors presented so few research results and did not show selected waveforms for the large PS. | [95] |
This paper presents research on a “multi-band” system stabilizer (MBPSS) with a different structure than the PSS4B known from the literature. An MBPSS is for simultaneously damping electromechanical swings of many frequencies. It is worth paying attention to the extensive literature review, which included as many as 52 items. | [104] |
In the PS analyzed by the authors, in the steady state (after introducing the disturbance) there was a power imbalance, which was evidenced by a non-zero deviation in the angular speed of the rotors of synchronous generators. It should be emphasized that, in real systems, such an imbalance is corrected by appropriate control systems. | [106] |
In a 4M2A system, the influence of load characteristics on PS operation was analyzed. Two equivalent induction motors constituting dynamic loads were used as the load. It is worth emphasizing that, in a real PS, the loads are of different character. The differences in the character of loads were considered later in the paper, additionally treating loads as a source of uncertainty, which is a relatively rare but deliberate approach in the investigation of PS stability. | [107] |
In the introduction, a comparative analysis of various solutions with energy storage improving the operation of PSs in transient states was made (Table 1, page 3). A solution based on distributed measurements was proposed. | [119] |
As one of the issues considered in this paper, the rarely discussed problem of optimizing the location of PSS installation is presented. This problem was solved on the basis of an analysis of participation factors of rotor speed. Based on the results, it was observed (which is already known from the literature) that the appropriate allocation of a PSS improved the damping of transient waveforms in a PS. | [131] |
Detailed Comments | Paper |
---|---|
This paper contains a comparison of optimization algorithms, including the collective decision optimization (CDO) algorithm, the grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA), and the salp swarm slgorithm (SSA), used for the optimization of power system stabilizers in a network with installed photovoltaic sources. | [134] |
In this paper, a one-input lead-lag stabilizer with only one phase compensation element was analyzed. | [135] |
In this paper, it was proved that the regulation of renewable sources (in particular, wind farms), despite a reduction in the power generated in the source, was beneficial because the lack of such regulation had many more dangerous consequences, including the possibility of a failure in a PS and the related financial consequences. | [138] |
In this paper, the problem of the uncertainty of parameters of a PS mathematical model was taken into account. The paper described the tests at a hydroelectric power plant in Brazil (a power plant with 23 generating units with apparent power of 350 MVA each). In the conclusion, the authors stated that the safe application of adaptive control techniques in real, large power plants is a challenge, as opposed to research based only on simplified computational models. The reason was that real systems have many nonlinearities and uncertainties of parameters that may not be taken into account in simplified calculation models. The authors of the publication showed improvement in the waveforms in simulation tests by applying a new regulation technique. However, the improvement in the waveforms for the real object was not significant. It should be emphasized that such a situation is natural. | [142] |
The authors analyzed an actual PS associated with the hydroelectric dam and power plant in Aswan, Egypt. Unfortunately, in the paper, there was a lack of measurement verification of the analyzed case. | [143] |
The authors used ready-made mathematical models of PS elements available in Matlab Toolbox. It should be emphasized that the authors analyzed symmetrical and asymmetrical short circuits (single- and two-phase to ground) without specifying in the content of the paper whether the mathematical model used allowed for modeling the phenomena occurring in asymmetrical transient states. The authors analyzed the reactive power waveforms during transient states, as well as asymmetrical ones, i.e., with distorted waveforms (Figure 7, page 5040). However, the paper did not refer to the applied power theory according to which the authors determined the reactive power waveforms in the tested system. | [144] |
The paper contains investigations of a PS with photovoltaic sources and energy storage in steady and transient states. The conclusion to the paper consisted of only 62 words. They were very laconic and obvious. | [145] |
The authors investigated transients in PSs with fractional-order control systems. These studies concerned, among others, the system response to a step change in the voltage reference value, including a surprisingly large change from 0 to 1 p.u. (Figure 2b, page 4). | [146] |
This paper contains practical postulates, e.g., concerning an assessment of critical short-circuit times and stability margin in the study of power microgrids. In the paper, an analysis method that allowed studying the stability and influence of PSSs on microgrids was proposed. | [148] |
Detailed Comments | Paper |
---|---|
In this paper, three different optimization algorithms for PSS parameters were compared. The results were compared with a “classic” PSS (as the authors called it). Unfortunately, the conclusions concerned only the analyzed algorithms and did not refer to technical problems in real systems. | [153] |
In the introduction to this paper, the authors analyzed the content of as many as 48 literature items. | [152] |
As a disturbance in the steady state, the authors used, among others, a step change in the driving torque. | [156,185,189] |
The reference stabilizer in this research was the “classic” PSS. Unfortunately, the system with the reference stabilizer was unstable. Therefore, it was difficult to assess the solution presented in the paper. | [166] |
In these papers, the authors provide a broad review of the literature. | [170,183] |
The literature review in the introduction to this paper contained 36 items. | [171] |
The paper is one of the few that analyzed the problem of determining the place of PSS installation. The analysis was based on the study of eigenvalues of the PS model state matrix. | [174] |
In the introduction, the authors presented a review of 22 literature items. A two-input stabilizer, one input signal of which was a hard-to-measure drive torque signal, was investigated. | [175] |
Only the eigenvalues of the state matrix of the investigated PS were analyzed in this paper. Despite the lack of analysis of the waveforms in the test system (without linearization), the following was stated in the conclusions: “The results indicated that the system remained stable, with high damping margin, even in different loading scenarios, demonstrating the robustness of the parameterization obtained.” (page 772) | [178] |
This review paper contained extensive descriptions of the analyzed problem. It deserves attention despite the fact that it does not apply directly to PSS tuning (except for one literature item regarding the coordinated design of a PSS and an SVC to maximize damping). However, the paper is an example of reliable literature research on optimization algorithms. | [181] |
The authors presented a method of PSS parameter optimization based on the analysis of the position of the system state matrix eigenvalues on a complex plane. A slight improvement compared to the “classic” solution was obtained. This fact should not come as a surprise, as the actual system was analyzed in the paper. Unfortunately, the authors presented only the instantaneous power waveforms, and in this case, the generator stator voltage waveforms would also be extremely interesting. There was also a lack of research into the effectiveness of the proposed solution with regard to a larger PS. | [187] |
This paper presents an interesting, practical tool for PSS tuning. | [190] |
In the introduction, the authors reviewed only four literature items. | [192] |
This paper deals with the interesting issue of situational awareness, i.e., the knowledge of the current and future PS state. | [198] |
This paper presents an analysis of rotor angular speed after a short circuit lasting 80 ms, with the time of observation of the waveforms assumed to be as high as 100 s, during which the speed oscillated. | [199] |
This paper presents an interesting method of designing a PSS for complex PSs. The method was based on the SMIB model. | [201] |
Wavelet transform was used in this research on PS stability. As part of the introduction, the authors presented a description of the issues contained in 33 papers. | [203] |
This paper includes a very extensive introduction with an analysis of various tuning methods. The content of the paper presents an extended description of selected algorithms. The authors presented a comparison of six different tuning methods and performed a convergence analysis. | [209] |
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. |
© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Nocoń, A.; Paszek, S. A Comprehensive Review of Power System Stabilizers. Energies 2023, 16, 1945. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041945
Nocoń A, Paszek S. A Comprehensive Review of Power System Stabilizers. Energies. 2023; 16(4):1945. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041945
Chicago/Turabian StyleNocoń, Adrian, and Stefan Paszek. 2023. "A Comprehensive Review of Power System Stabilizers" Energies 16, no. 4: 1945. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041945