Energy-Efficient beyond 5G Multiple Access Technique with Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer for the Factory of the Future
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Our Contributions
- We consider a SWIPT NOMA-enabled IIoT network, in which a single base station (BS) supports N IIoT devices, in a future autonomous factory through M sub-channels. A unique optimum power allocation technique has been developed to increase the overall EE of IIoT devices. The problem is described with constraints such as the individual QoS requirements, the maximum transmitting power, and the minimum harvested energy for each IIoT device on each sub-channel.
- We used a MOO model for a SWIPT NOMA-enabled IIoT system with the goal of maximizing both total transmission rate and total gathered energy at the same time. Next, we convert the harvested energy into throughput using the Shannon formula. Then, the examined MOO model is turned into a single-objective optimization (SOO) model by using the scalarization method.
- The corresponding problem, which involves joint optimization of power allocation and splitting control, is still non-convex and, thus, we propose decoupling the problem into two sub-problems to solve them iteratively via the Langrangian duality method.
4. Research Directions in Energy IIOT Systems for Factory of the Future
4.1. 5G Systems and Beyond
4.2. Mobile Edge Computing
4.3. Mobile Device Description
4.4. Industry 4.0
4.5. Raising Energy Awareness
5. System Model and Problem Formulation
6. Derivation of the SWIPT-NOMA System
Algorithm 1 The presented method for joint optimization problem of resource allocation algorithm and power splitting ratio |
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7. Simulation and Validation of the Energy Efficiency in the Factory of the Future Environments
8. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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---|---|---|---|
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Parameter | Description | Value |
---|---|---|
AWGN variance | ||
The radius of the factory | ||
The reference distance | ||
The path-loss exponent | ||
Max. number of IIoT Devices | ||
Number of sub-channels | ||
The EH efficiency | ||
The conversion efficiency | ||
The preference weight | 0.1 | |
Number of IIoT devices associated to the sub-channel | ||
f | Operating frequency | 3.5 GHz |
The total transmission power available at the BS | ||
The circuit power | ||
The minimum QoS threshold at the BS | ||
The minimum harvested power |
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Albataineh, Z.; Andrawes, A.; Abdullah, N.F.; Nordin, R. Energy-Efficient beyond 5G Multiple Access Technique with Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer for the Factory of the Future. Energies 2022, 15, 6059. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15166059
Albataineh Z, Andrawes A, Abdullah NF, Nordin R. Energy-Efficient beyond 5G Multiple Access Technique with Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer for the Factory of the Future. Energies. 2022; 15(16):6059. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15166059
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlbataineh, Zaid, Admoon Andrawes, Nor Fadzilah Abdullah, and Rosdiadee Nordin. 2022. "Energy-Efficient beyond 5G Multiple Access Technique with Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer for the Factory of the Future" Energies 15, no. 16: 6059. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15166059