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Volume 14
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10.3390/en14164753
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Article

Optimal Location and Sizing of Energy Storage Systems in DC-Electrified Railway Lines Using a Coral Reefs Optimization Algorithm with Substrate Layers

by
David Roch-Dupré
1,
Carlos Camacho-Gómez
2,
Asunción P. Cucala
3,
Silvia Jiménez-Fernández
4,
Álvaro López-López
3,
Antonio Portilla-Figueras
4,
Ramón R. Pecharromán
3,
Antonio Fernández-Cardador
3 and
Sancho Salcedo-Sanz
4,*
1
Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Institute for Research in Technology, Comillas Pontifical University, 28049 Madrid, Spain
2
Department of Computer Systems, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28031 Madrid, Spain
3
Institute for Research in Technology, Comillas Pontifical University, 28049 Madrid, Spain
4
Department of Signal Processing and Communications, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2021, 14(16), 4753; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14164753
Submission received: 4 June 2021 / Revised: 22 July 2021 / Accepted: 29 July 2021 / Published: 5 August 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Simulation and Optimization of Electrotechnical Systems)
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Abstract

This paper deals with the problem of finding the optimal location and sizing of Energy Storage Systems in DC-electrified railway lines. These devices increment the use of the regenerated energy produced by the trains in the braking phases, as they store the energy to later provide to the catenary the excess of regenerated energy, that otherwise would be lost in the rheostats. However, these infrastructures require a high initial investment that, in some cases, may question their profitability. We propose a multi-method ensemble meta-heuristic to obtain the optimal solution to the problem, with a high level of accuracy. Specifically, the Coral Reefs Optimization with Substrate Layers (CRO-SL) is proposed, an evolutionary-type approach able to run different search procedures within the same population. We will evaluate the performance of the CRO-SL in the problem, and we will show that it performs better than the best known existing meta-heuristics for this problem.
Keywords: railway lines; Energy Storage Systems; multi-method ensembles; CRO-SL algorithm; meta-heuristics railway lines; Energy Storage Systems; multi-method ensembles; CRO-SL algorithm; meta-heuristics

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MDPI and ACS Style

Roch-Dupré, D.; Camacho-Gómez, C.; Cucala, A.P.; Jiménez-Fernández, S.; López-López, Á.; Portilla-Figueras, A.; Pecharromán, R.R.; Fernández-Cardador, A.; Salcedo-Sanz, S. Optimal Location and Sizing of Energy Storage Systems in DC-Electrified Railway Lines Using a Coral Reefs Optimization Algorithm with Substrate Layers. Energies 2021, 14, 4753. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14164753

AMA Style

Roch-Dupré D, Camacho-Gómez C, Cucala AP, Jiménez-Fernández S, López-López Á, Portilla-Figueras A, Pecharromán RR, Fernández-Cardador A, Salcedo-Sanz S. Optimal Location and Sizing of Energy Storage Systems in DC-Electrified Railway Lines Using a Coral Reefs Optimization Algorithm with Substrate Layers. Energies. 2021; 14(16):4753. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14164753

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roch-Dupré, David, Carlos Camacho-Gómez, Asunción P. Cucala, Silvia Jiménez-Fernández, Álvaro López-López, Antonio Portilla-Figueras, Ramón R. Pecharromán, Antonio Fernández-Cardador, and Sancho Salcedo-Sanz. 2021. "Optimal Location and Sizing of Energy Storage Systems in DC-Electrified Railway Lines Using a Coral Reefs Optimization Algorithm with Substrate Layers" Energies 14, no. 16: 4753. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14164753

APA Style

Roch-Dupré, D., Camacho-Gómez, C., Cucala, A. P., Jiménez-Fernández, S., López-López, Á., Portilla-Figueras, A., Pecharromán, R. R., Fernández-Cardador, A., & Salcedo-Sanz, S. (2021). Optimal Location and Sizing of Energy Storage Systems in DC-Electrified Railway Lines Using a Coral Reefs Optimization Algorithm with Substrate Layers. Energies, 14(16), 4753. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14164753

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