The Challenge for Building Integration of Highly Transparent Photovoltaics and Photoelectrochromic Devices
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Novel Technologies for Glazing: A Useful Glossary
3. Novel Technologies for Semitransparent PVs
3.1. Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs)
3.2. Amorphous Silicon Solar Cells and Thin Film Solar Cells
3.3. Organic Solar Cells
3.4. Perovskite-Based Heterojunction Solar Cells
3.5. Open issues for Building Integration of Semi-Transparent PVs
4. The Architectural Evolution of Chromogenics for Building Integration
4.1. A chronological Review of PECDs
4.2. Photovoltachromic Devices: One Step Forward for PECDs
5. Building Integration of Multifunctional Devices
5.1. Effects on Visual Comfort Durability and Life-Cycle Assessment of Devices
5.2. Open Issues, Towards Smart Windows Adopting a Research-Driven Development
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Technology | Device (or Material) Complexity | Modulation of Spectral Properties | Energy Consumption for Operation | User’s Control and Overriding | Energy Yield |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Thermochromic | Single film deposition | Yes | No | No | No |
Photochromic | Single film deposition | Yes | No | No | No |
Electrochromic | Multilayer device; external circuitry and electronic control | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
Photoelectrochromic (PECD) | Multilayer device; external circuitry | Yes | No | Yes | No |
Photovoltachromic (PVCD) | Multilayer device, external circuitry. Grid-connected. | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
Semi-transparent PVs | Multilayer device, external circuitry. Grid-connected. | No | No | Yes * | Yes |
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Cannavale, A.; Martellotta, F.; Fiorito, F.; Ayr, U. The Challenge for Building Integration of Highly Transparent Photovoltaics and Photoelectrochromic Devices. Energies 2020, 13, 1929. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13081929
Cannavale A, Martellotta F, Fiorito F, Ayr U. The Challenge for Building Integration of Highly Transparent Photovoltaics and Photoelectrochromic Devices. Energies. 2020; 13(8):1929. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13081929
Chicago/Turabian StyleCannavale, Alessandro, Francesco Martellotta, Francesco Fiorito, and Ubaldo Ayr. 2020. "The Challenge for Building Integration of Highly Transparent Photovoltaics and Photoelectrochromic Devices" Energies 13, no. 8: 1929. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13081929