Current State and Future Prospects for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion Systems
1
Centre for Materials Physics, Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
2
School of Computing, Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
3
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Avenue, 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
4
Clean Energy Research Lab (CERL), Department of Physics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2020, 13(21), 5847; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13215847
Received: 30 September 2020
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Revised: 22 October 2020
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Accepted: 26 October 2020
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Published: 9 November 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Energy Electrochemical Capacitors)
Electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems such as electrochemical capacitors, batteries and fuel cells are considered as the most important technologies proposing environmentally friendly and sustainable solutions to address rapidly growing global energy demands and environmental concerns. Their commercial applications individually or in combination of two or more devices are based on their distinguishing properties e.g., energy/power densities, cyclability and efficiencies. In this review article, we have discussed some of the major electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems and encapsulated their technological advancement in recent years. Fundamental working principles and material compositions of various components such as electrodes and electrolytes have also been discussed. Furthermore, future challenges and perspectives for the applications of these technologies are discussed.
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Keywords:
energy storage systems (ESSs); renewable sources of energy; electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems (EECSs); future prospects
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MDPI and ACS Style
Abbas, Q.; Mirzaeian, M.; Hunt, M.R.C.; Hall, P.; Raza, R. Current State and Future Prospects for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion Systems. Energies 2020, 13, 5847. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13215847
AMA Style
Abbas Q, Mirzaeian M, Hunt MRC, Hall P, Raza R. Current State and Future Prospects for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion Systems. Energies. 2020; 13(21):5847. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13215847
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbbas, Qaisar, Mojtaba Mirzaeian, Michael R.C. Hunt, Peter Hall, and Rizwan Raza. 2020. "Current State and Future Prospects for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion Systems" Energies 13, no. 21: 5847. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13215847
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