Impact of Flexible AC Transmission System Devices on Automatic Generation Control with a Metaheuristic Based Fuzzy PID Controller
1
Department of EEE, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh 532127, India
2
Robotics and Internet-of-Things Lab (RIOTU), Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 12435, Saudi Arabia
3
Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt
4
Department of EEE, Sri Sivani College of Engineering, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh 532410, India
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2019, 12(21), 4193; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12214193
Received: 19 September 2019 / Revised: 25 October 2019 / Accepted: 29 October 2019 / Published: 2 November 2019
(This article belongs to the Section Electrical Power and Energy System)
The present work proposes a teaching–learning-based optimization (TLBO)-tuned fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller of two-area hydro-thermal generating units for automatic generation control (AGC). The proposed system takes into account the physical constraints such as transport delay (TD), generation rate constraint (GRC), and governor dead band (GDB) nonlinearities. Firstly, fuzzy PID controllers were designed for both the areas and their gains were optimized using various minimization objective function criteria. Furthermore, applications of flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices such as static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC), thyristor-controlled phase shifter (TCPS), and unified power flow controller (UPFC) were investigated by integrating FACTS devices in appropriate locations of the system. The simulation results revealed that the minimum objective values were attained when the UPFC was placed in the system. Lastly, robustness analysis was done to observe the capability of the proposed controller with UPFC by changing system parameters and considering random load disturbances.
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Keywords:
automatic generation control (AGC); flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) device; fuzzy PID controller; random load disturbance; teaching–learning-based optimization (TLBO)
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MDPI and ACS Style
Pilla, R.; Azar, A.T.; Gorripotu, T.S. Impact of Flexible AC Transmission System Devices on Automatic Generation Control with a Metaheuristic Based Fuzzy PID Controller. Energies 2019, 12, 4193.
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