A Performance Evaluation of a Solar Air Heater Using Different Shaped Ribs Mounted on the Absorber Plate—A Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Survey
2.1. Various Shape of Ribs
2.1.1. Numerical Investigation
2.1.2. Experimental Investigation
2.2. Various Pitch Distances
2.2.1. Numerical Investigation
2.2.2. Experimental Investigation
- (A)
- Rib arrangement 1 elucidated that midribs positioned at 3.3% and 6.67% truncation from the side walls provide the maximum thermal enhancement.
- (B)
- Arrangement 3 elucidated that middle ribs permanent at 5% truncation from side walls provide the better performances in terms of THPP results.
- (C)
- Arrangement 4 elucidated that with two transverse continuous ribs in between the truncated ribs, there was an indication of the maximum pressure drop.
2.3. Various Angle of Rib
2.3.1. Numerical Investigation
2.3.2. Experimental Investigation
2.4. Multiple Ribs
2.4.1. Numerical Investigation
2.4.2. Experimental Investigation
3. Conclusions
- Artificial roughness in solar air heaters results from better heat transfer and a reduced friction factor effect in SAH.
- It is observed that the modified geometry of multiple V-shaped ribs with an inclined attack angle of 60o gives maximum thermal enhancement compared to the smooth duct.
- It is found that a hyperbolic shape causes a reduction in the friction factor and enhanced heat transfer.
- In contrast with other shapes, trapezoidal-shaped ribs in the flow direction will result in more turbulence for heat transfer inductance.
- Discrete V-Down ribs suggest increasing the efficiency of pumping power to solar air heaters.
- Investigational studies show that a Discrete Multiple V shape with a staggered rib is compared with a broken arc, S shape, L shape, W shape, Arc shape, and Circular with V shape, which gives the best overall thermal performances.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Nomenclature
D | Hydraulic diameter of duct, m |
e | Rib height, m |
e/D | Relative roughness height |
P | Pitch of the rib, m |
P/e | Relative roughness pitch |
G | Gap width, m |
g/e | Relative gap width |
Gd | Gap distance, m |
Gd/Lv | Relative gap distance |
H | Depth of duct, m |
Lv | Length of single V-shaped rib, m |
W | Width of duct, m |
w | Width of single v-shaped rib, m |
W/w | Relative roughness width ratio |
Nu | Nusselt number of roughened duct |
Nus | Nusselt number of smooth duct |
fs | Friction factor of smooth duct |
f | Friction factor of roughened duct |
Re no | Reynolds number |
f | Friction factor |
Greeks | |
A | Angle of attack, degree |
H | Thermo-hydraulic performance parameter |
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S. No | Shape | Parameter/Range | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Delta-Winglet Vortex Adapted from [1] | Maximum heat transfer enhancement increased 51.6%. | Combination of DWV and semi-cylinder provide high heat transfer. |
Friction factor increases up to 6.11%. | |||
2 | Rectangular Sectioned Tapered Rib Reproduced with Permission from [2], Elsevier, 2017 | 12 different types of tapered rib with taper angle at 1.6°, 2.3° and 3.2° for the pitch of 10, 15, 20, and 25 mm are analyses. | 1.91 corresponding to the angle of 1.6° shows maximum thermal enhancement. |
3 | Rib–Groove shapes Reproduced with Permission from [3], Elsevier, 2015 | Nanoparticles like Al2O3, CuO, SiO, and ZnO2 with volume fraction 1.4% taken. | Trapezoidal groove shape of rib shows the topmost heat transfer and best Nusselt number. |
S. No | Shape | Parameter/Range | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Broken Arc Rib Adapted from [5] | Nusselt Number Result Shows in With staggered rib, 3.06 and 2.50. Without staggered rib, 2.60 and 2.27. | A staggered piece of rib placed between broken ribs induced a strong friction factor and Nusselt number. |
2 | Reverse L shape rib Reproduced with Permission from [6], Elsevier, 2016” | Thermo hydraulic performance occurs between 1.62–1.90. | Reverse l shape rib increases thermal performance. |
3 | Arc shape wire ribs arranged in ‘S’ shape adapted from [7] | Heat transfer augmentation and friction factor relative to arc shape significance 0.6667. | A survey was taken in an arc shape so they used a circular wire arc S shape rib for investigation. |
4 | W-shaped rib Reproduced with Permission from [8], Elsevier, 2011 | Nusselt number 2.36 Friction factor 2.01. | Using 60° attack angle, enhancement of Nusselt and friction factor will be greater and related with the smooth duct. |
Attack angle of 60° | |||
5 | Different shape of rib Reproduced with Permission from [9], Elsevier, 2011 | Thermal enhancement 0.013–0.014 (i.e., 13–14 K of air temperature upswing over the 1.5 m collector length with Re number near 7000. | Best relative performance to the non-artificial channel is attained by the novel shape of transverse broken ribs. |
6 | Triangular-Rib with Triangular-Groove Reproduced with Permission from [10], Elsevier, 2009 | The aspect ratio of W/H = 20 and duct height = 9 mm with height of rib e = 3 mm at three various pitch ratios, P/e = 6.6, 10, and 13.3. | Triangular-rib with triangular-groove provides the best values for all pitch ratios. |
7 | Protruded Roughness Geometry Adapted from [11] | (S/e) Length = 31.25, (L/e) relative long way length = 31.25 and (d/D) relative diameter = 0.294. | Protruded absorber plate shows the best heat transfer coefficient compared with the smooth plate. |
8 | Transverse ribs on 1, 2, 3 and 4 walls are reported Reproduced with Permission from [12], Elsevier, 2003 | Investigated transfer rib in all four walls, one by one. | 214% increase of Case B related to Case A. |
72% increase in Case C related to Case B. | |||
35% increase of Case D related to Case C. | |||
30% increase of Case E related to Case D. |
S. No | Shape | Parameter/Range | Remarks | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Hyperbolic Rib Reproduced with Permission from [13], Elsevier, 2017 | Thermal-hydraulic performance. | Hyperbolic rib avoids entrapment of small eddies in the corners, heat transfer enhancement will increase, and a decrease of rib height causes reduction of friction factor. | |
Friction factor | ||||
2 | Transverse square rib adapted from [14] | Thermal-hydraulic performance factor varies between 1.22 and 1.88. | Presence of an Inner square section of the rib will produce better thermal performance. | |
3 | Discrete Multi V-Rib with Staggered Rib Adapted from [15] | The overall thermal performance will be 3.67 with a width ratio of 3.0. | Staggered induct high velocity with turbulence in Discrete multiple v rib increases heat transfer coefficient. | |
4 | Square Ducts with Internal Surfaces Ribbed Reproduced with Permission from [16], Elsevier, 2008 | The P/e ratio of 12 provides the highest augmentation. | Inter rib distribution heat transfer strongly affects the shape of rib and recirculation just behind rib will be sensitive. | |
5 | Broken V-ribs Adapted from [17] | Broken V-rib compared without V-rib in following parameter: d/H = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, and 0.05. | Broken-V Rib leading higher heat transfer enhancement about 346–539%. | |
6 | Textured Asymmetric Arc Rib Adapted from [18] | p/e = 5 for the compound rib with d/e = 0.06 and p/e = 6 for triangular rib and asymmetric arc rib. | Progressive compound rib could progress the recital of heat transfer. | |
S. No | Shape | Parameter/Range | Remarks | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Integral chamfered rib Reproduced with Permission from [19], Elsevier, 2001 | Nusselt number enhancement was 120% more than the smooth absorber plate. | Integral chamber rib will increase 7% thermal efficiency. | |
Friction factor 1.8 to 3.9. | ||||
2 | Combined Wavy-Rib and Groove turbulator Reproduced with Permission from [21], Elsevier, 2014 | Thermal Performance of about 49–52% achieved. | Rib pitch to channel height can apply groove alone to attain maximum thermal performance. | |
3 | Trapezoidal-Winglets Groove Reproduced with Permission from [23], Elsevier, 2017 | Single attack angle of 45° considered. | Maximum heat energy transfer and pressure drop increased over the non-artificial channel. | |
4 | Continuous Rib Turbulator Reproduced with Permission from [24], Elsevier, 2015 | Solid inclined, curved, and vertical baffles used for optimal flow. | Solid curved baffles placed nearby absorber plate show the best performance valuation. | |
5 | Thin Ribs Reproduced with Permission from [25], Elsevier, 2017 | Aspect ratio for the duct (W/H) = 10, blockage ratio (e/H) = 0.1, roughness height (e/D) = 0.055, roughness pitch (P/e) = 10, and attack angle (a) = 90° are considered. |
| |
S. No | Shape | Parameter/Range | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 45° inclined V shape rib adapted from Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics [26] scientific research | Heat transfer enhancement will be 230–580% higher than the smooth channel. | Ribs arranged in opposite wall which create strong rotational momentum to increase heat transfer. |
2 | Discrete V-Down Rib Reproduced with Permission from [27], Elsevier, 2012 | Exegetic efficiency for DT/I >0.0175 K m/W. | Exergy discrete V-Down rib suggests increasing the efficiency of pumping power to solar air heater. |
3 | 9 Different Rib Shape [29]
| SST turbulence model used to compare the different shapes for turbulence models. | Turbulence intensity is initiate maximum at peak of the local heat transfer. |
Heat transfer is initiate at the reattachment points. | |||
4 | Forward Chamfered Ribbed Reproduced with Permission from [30], Elsevier, 2017 | The e/w, relative 10 roughness height (e/D), and e′/e ranges from 0.24 to 1.5, 0.018 to 0.043, and 0 to 1.0, respectively. | Different values of e/D, the Nu enhances, and friction factor is maximum in case of e/D value of 0.043. |
S. No | Shape | Parameter/Range | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Arc-Shaped Wire Adapted from [31] | The maximum improvement in Nusselt number has been obtained 3.80 times for the relative arc angle (a/90) of 0.3333 at relative roughness height of 0.0422. | Friction factor of1.75 times of used parameters. |
2 | Combination of Inclined and Transverse Ribs Reproduced with Permission from [33], Elsevier, 2009 | Relative roughness pitch (p/e) 3–8 and relative roughness height (e = D) 0.030. |
|
S. No | Shape | Parameter/Range | Remarks | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Multi V shape rib Reproduced with Permission from [34], Elsevier, 2014 | Heat transfer enhancement increases from 1.7–5.6 compared with the smooth duct. | Multiple V shape rib compares smooth duct higher heat transfer taking place. | |
2 | Non-Uniform Cross-section Ribs Reproduced with Permission from [36], Elsevier, 2015 | The trapezoidal rib has good Nusselt number range from 1.28 to 1.50.The square rib has a friction factor range from 2.64 to 3.74. | Compared with the square, circular, trapezoidal, and non-uniform, the trapezoidal shape has a good Nusselt number. | |
3 | Circular Transverse Wire Rib Reproduced with Permission from [37], Elsevier, 2013 | Maximum average Nusselt number originates in 117 with relative pitch of 7.14 and relative height of 0.042. | Circular transverse wire rib with parameter of P/e = 10.71 and e/D = 0.042 affords better thermal enhancement. | |
Average friction factor originates in 0.00317 for relative height of 0.042 and relative pitch of 7.14. | ||||
4 | Conical Protrusion Reproduced with Permission from [38], Elsevier, 2017 | Nusselt number of 1.3 and friction factor of 1.0 are observed in conical protrusion ribs compared to the spherical ribs. | Maximum thermal efficiency is 69.8% and efficiency enhancement factor (EEF) is 1.346. | |
5 | Discrete Double—Inclined Rib Reproduced with Permission from [39], Elsevier, 2014 | The height of the ribs and effects of the Re no are examined in mini-channel. | Enhance heat transfer with the increasing height and number of the double-inclined ribs. | |
6 | Downstream Ribs Arrangement Reproduced with Permission from [40], Elsevier, 2013 | Different cases designed by introducing half-size and same-size ribs downstream of the big ribs. | It found downstream ribs decrease the pressure loss and increase the flow structure. | |
S. No | Shape | Parameter/Range | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Flow-attack-angle in V-Down rib Arrangement Reproduced with Permission from [41], Elsevier, 2012 | Highest thermo-hydraulic performance is 2.06 resultant to flow-attack-angle of 60° | A Nusselt number is a strong function in flow attack angle and varies from 30° to 70° attack angle |
2 | Discrete multi V shaped and staggered ribs Adapted from [18] | Nusselt number ratio 3.4 Friction factor ratio 2.5. | Double pass channel with multiple v shapes will increase heat transfer rate compared with single pass channel. |
3 | Circular and V-Type Turbulators Reproduced with Permission from [43], Elsevier, 2015 | Thermal Enhancement factor is3.65 at Re of 6200. | The zigzag prearrangement of circular tabulators with concave shape inserts exhibits best performance. |
4 | Criss-Cross Pattern Reproduced with Permission from [44], Elsevier, 2018 | The Nusselt number in duct varies from 2.7 and 3.1 for inline and staggered. | Thermal-hydraulic performance varies between 1.2 and 1.5. |
5 | Circular and V-Type Turbulators Reproduced with Permission from [45], Elsevier, 2016 | The various parameters with different values are taken for analysis. | Maximum enhancement attained when Nu no is 5.85 and f is 4.96. |
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Share and Cite
Kumar B., V.; Manikandan, G.; Kanna, P.R.; Taler, D.; Taler, J.; Nowak-Ocłoń, M.; Mzyk, K.; Toh, H.T. A Performance Evaluation of a Solar Air Heater Using Different Shaped Ribs Mounted on the Absorber Plate—A Review. Energies 2018, 11, 3104. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11113104
Kumar B. V, Manikandan G, Kanna PR, Taler D, Taler J, Nowak-Ocłoń M, Mzyk K, Toh HT. A Performance Evaluation of a Solar Air Heater Using Different Shaped Ribs Mounted on the Absorber Plate—A Review. Energies. 2018; 11(11):3104. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11113104
Chicago/Turabian StyleKumar B., Varun, G. Manikandan, P. Rajesh Kanna, Dawid Taler, Jan Taler, Marzena Nowak-Ocłoń, Karol Mzyk, and Hoong Thiam Toh. 2018. "A Performance Evaluation of a Solar Air Heater Using Different Shaped Ribs Mounted on the Absorber Plate—A Review" Energies 11, no. 11: 3104. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11113104