Changes in the Disparity Vergence Main Sequence After Treatment of Symptomatic Convergence Insufficiency in Children
Abstract
:Introduction
Methods
Patient Selection
Study Design
Clinical Testing
Objective Outcome Measures of Disparity Vergence: Instrumentation
Stimuli Presentation and Data Collection
Calibration
Eye Movement Analyses
Treatment: Office-based Vergence and Accommodative Therapy with Home Reinforcement (OBVAT)
Follow-up Visit
Statistical Analysis
Results
Discussion
Ethics and Conflict of Interest
Acknowledgments
References
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Function | Mean Pre-VT | Mean Post VT | Mean Change | Sig | Cohen’s d Effect Size | Confidence Interval |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CISS | 35.8 | 11.2 | 24.6 | P=0.002 | 2.84 | 17.9 to 31.4 |
Cover Test (Distance) (Δ)* | -0.8 | -0.5 | 0.3 | P=0.16 | 0.16 | -0.8 to 0.2 |
Cover Test (Near) (Δ)* | -9.2 | -7.3 | 1.8 | P=0.03 | 0.43 | -3.2 to -0.4 |
Base-in Break (Δ) | 14.8 | 19.6 | 4.8 | P=0.02 | 0.74 | -8.1 to -1.4 |
Base-out Break (Δ) | 11.8 | 38.3 | 26.6 | P=0.002 | 3.59 | -32.9 to -20.2 |
Near point of convergence Break (cm) | 16.5 | 3.6 | 12.9 | P=0.002 | 4.03 | 10.2 to 15.6 |
Accommodation Amplitude Right Eye (cm) | 14.8 | 8.5 | 6.3 | P=0.003 | 1.94 | 3.7 to 8.9 |
Vergence Facility (FPM) | 8.7 | 34.8 | 22.4 | P=0.003 | 2.56 | 11.6 to 30.8 |
Monocular Accommodative Facility (FPM) | 7.4 | 28.3 | 20.9 | P=0.001 | 2.89 | 15.4 to 26.3 |
4° Symmetrical Convergence | ||||||
Function | Mean Pre OBVAT | Mean Post OBVAT | Mean Change | Sig | Cohen’s d Effect Size | Confidence Interval |
Peak Velocity (°/sec) | 14.7 | 26.1 | 11.4 | P=<0.001 | 1.48 | 8.3 to 15.0 |
Time to Peak Velocity(sec) | 0.50 | 0.40 | 0.10 | P=<0.001 | 0.99 | .07 to .17 |
Response Amplitude (°) | 2.6 | 4.1 | 1.5 | P=<0.001 | 1.31 | 1.0 to 1.9 |
Latency (sec) | 0.25 | 0.22 | 0.03 | P=0.13 | 0.31 | -01 to .07 |
6° Symmetrical Convergence | ||||||
Peak Velocity (°/sec) | 14.7 | 26.1 | 11.4 | P=<0.001 | 1.46 | 8.0 to 14.6 |
Time to Peak Velocity(sec) | 0.50 | 0.40 | 0.10 | P=0.01 | 0.51 | 0.05 to 0.15 |
Response Amplitude (°) | 2.6 | 4.1 | 1.5 | P=<0.001 | 1.15 | 1.0 to 1.9 |
Latency (sec) | 0.23 | 0.25 | 0.02 | P=0.31 | 0.12 | -0.08 to 0.02 |
4° Symmetrical Divergence | ||||||
Function | Mean Pre OBVAT | Mean Post OBVAT | Mean Change | Sig | Cohen’s d Effect Size | Confidence Interval |
Peak Velocity (°/sec) | 13.5 | 19.0 | 5.5 | P=,01 | 0.62 | 1.4 to 9.6 |
Time to Peak Velocity(sec) | 0.43 | 0.40 | 0.03 | P=.25 | 0.27 | -0.03 to 0.09 |
Response Amplitude (°) | 2.7 | 3.6 | 0.9 | P=.006 | 0.69 | -0.3 to 1.5 |
Latency (sec) | 0.21 | 0.23 | 0.02 | P=0.46 | 0.16 | -0.8 to 0.03 |
6° Symmetrical Divergence | ||||||
Peak Velocity (°/sec) | 15.8 | 20.3 | 4.5 | P=0.02 | 0.60 | 0.8 to 8.2 |
Time to Peak Velocity(sec) | 0.53 | 0.56 | 0.03 | P=0.28 | 0.26 | 0.05 to 0.15 |
Response Amplitude (°) | 3.1 | 4.3 | 1.2 | P=0.001 | 0.98 | 0.6 to 1.9 |
Latency (sec) | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.01 | P=0.17 | 0.33 | -0.03 to 0.01 |
5° Saccades | ||||||
Function | Mean Pre OBVAT | Mean Post OBVAT | Mean Change | Sig | Cohen’s d Effect Size | Confidence Interval |
Peak Velocity (°/sec) | 202.5 | 212.8 | 10.3 | P=.12 | 0.49 | -23.7 to 3.1 |
Time to Peak Velocity(sec) | 0.24 | 0.27 | 0.03 | P=.35 | 0.28 | -0.09 to 0.03 |
Response Amplitude (°) | 4.6 | 4.7 | 0.1 | P=.46 | 0.22 | -0.4 to 0.2 |
Latency (sec) | 0.23 | 0.22 | 0.01 | P=.38 | 0.26 | -0.01 to 0.03 |
10° Saccades | ||||||
Peak Velocity (°/sec) | 312.1 | 312.0 | 0.1 | P=0.99 | 0.003 | -24.9 to 25.1 |
Time to Peak Velocity(sec) | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.01 | P=0.38 | 0.27 | 0.01 to 0.03 |
Response Amplitude (°) | 9.0 | 8.8 | 0.2 | P=0.68 | 0.14 | -0.4 to 0.6 |
Latency (sec) | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.01 | P=0.55 | 0.18 | -0.01 to 0.02 |
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Scheiman, M.; Yaramothu, C.; Alvarez, T.L. Changes in the Disparity Vergence Main Sequence After Treatment of Symptomatic Convergence Insufficiency in Children. J. Eye Mov. Res. 2019, 12, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.16910/jemr.12.4.6
Scheiman M, Yaramothu C, Alvarez TL. Changes in the Disparity Vergence Main Sequence After Treatment of Symptomatic Convergence Insufficiency in Children. Journal of Eye Movement Research. 2019; 12(4):1-10. https://doi.org/10.16910/jemr.12.4.6
Chicago/Turabian StyleScheiman, Mitchell, Chang Yaramothu, and Tara L. Alvarez. 2019. "Changes in the Disparity Vergence Main Sequence After Treatment of Symptomatic Convergence Insufficiency in Children" Journal of Eye Movement Research 12, no. 4: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.16910/jemr.12.4.6
APA StyleScheiman, M., Yaramothu, C., & Alvarez, T. L. (2019). Changes in the Disparity Vergence Main Sequence After Treatment of Symptomatic Convergence Insufficiency in Children. Journal of Eye Movement Research, 12(4), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.16910/jemr.12.4.6