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Current Oncology
Volume 30
Issue 6
10.3390/curroncol30060395
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Review

Novel Tools for Diagnosis and Monitoring of AML

by
Francesca Guijarro
1,2,
Marta Garrote
1,2,
Neus Villamor
1,2,
Dolors Colomer
1,2,3,
Jordi Esteve
2,4 and
Mónica López-Guerra
1,2,3,*
1
Hematopathology Section, Pathology Department, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
2
Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
3
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
4
Hematology Department, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Curr. Oncol. 2023, 30(6), 5201-5213; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30060395
Submission received: 28 April 2023 / Revised: 11 May 2023 / Accepted: 18 May 2023 / Published: 23 May 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Haematological Neoplasms: Diagnosis and Management)
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Abstract

In recent years, major advances in the understanding of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) pathogenesis, together with technological progress, have led us into a new era in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with AML. A combination of immunophenotyping, cytogenetic and molecular studies are required for AML diagnosis, including the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) gene panels to screen all genetic alterations with diagnostic, prognostic and/or therapeutic value. Regarding AML monitoring, multiparametric flow cytometry and quantitative PCR/RT-PCR are currently the most implemented methodologies for measurable residual disease (MRD) evaluation. Given the limitations of these techniques, there is an urgent need to incorporate new tools for MRD monitoring, such as NGS and digital PCR. This review aims to provide an overview of the different technologies used for AML diagnosis and MRD monitoring and to highlight the limitations and challenges of current versus emerging tools.
Keywords: AML; diagnosis; MRD monitoring; flow cytometry; NGS; digital PCR AML; diagnosis; MRD monitoring; flow cytometry; NGS; digital PCR

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MDPI and ACS Style

Guijarro, F.; Garrote, M.; Villamor, N.; Colomer, D.; Esteve, J.; López-Guerra, M. Novel Tools for Diagnosis and Monitoring of AML. Curr. Oncol. 2023, 30, 5201-5213. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30060395

AMA Style

Guijarro F, Garrote M, Villamor N, Colomer D, Esteve J, López-Guerra M. Novel Tools for Diagnosis and Monitoring of AML. Current Oncology. 2023; 30(6):5201-5213. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30060395

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guijarro, Francesca, Marta Garrote, Neus Villamor, Dolors Colomer, Jordi Esteve, and Mónica López-Guerra. 2023. "Novel Tools for Diagnosis and Monitoring of AML" Current Oncology 30, no. 6: 5201-5213. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30060395

APA Style

Guijarro, F., Garrote, M., Villamor, N., Colomer, D., Esteve, J., & López-Guerra, M. (2023). Novel Tools for Diagnosis and Monitoring of AML. Current Oncology, 30(6), 5201-5213. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30060395

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