Ultrasound-Based Morphological and Functional Assessment in Male CrossFit Athletes with Unilateral Subacromial Shoulder Pain: An Observational Study
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methods and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Sample Size Calculations
2.3. Participants
2.4. Descriptive Data
2.5. USI Assessment
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographics Data
3.2. USI Differences
4. Discussion
Limitations and Future Research
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Descriptive Variables | Total Sample (n = 20) |
---|---|
Age (years) | 25.70 ± 4.03 (20.00–32.00) |
Weight (kg) | 86.37 ± 8.86 (75.00–110.00) |
Height (m) | 1.79 ± 0.07 (1.70–1.91) |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.84 ± 2.62 (23.77–34.72) |
Dominant Side (R/L) (%) | 15/5 (75%/25%) |
Painful Side (R/L) (%) | 12/8 (66.67%/33.33%) |
USI Variables | PS (n = 20) | NPS (n = 20) | Mean Differences (95%CI) | PS vs. NPS p-Value (ES) |
---|---|---|---|---|
SST (cm) | 0.62 ± 0.07 (0.45–0.73) | 0.60 ± 0.06 (0.44–0.70) | 0.02 (−0.01–0.04) | 0.136 (0.34) |
AHD_Rest (cm) | 0.90 ± 0.9 (0.75–1.06) | 0.92 ± 0.12 (0.73–1.24) | −0.02 (−0.07–0.02) | 0.285 (0.24) |
AHD_Dist. (cm) | 1.13 ± 0.21 (0.80–1.50) | 1.13 ± 0.24 (0.78–1.75) | −0.01 (−0.6–0.05) | 0.944 (0.02) |
AHD_Dif. (cm) | 0.23 ± 0.17 (0.04–0.60) | 0.21 ± 0.16 (0.02–0.56) | 0.02 (−0.02–0.07) | 0.341 (0.21) |
BBLHT CSA (cm2) | 0.11 ± 0.02 (0.08–0.16) | 0.12 ± 0.02 (0.08–0.16) | −0.01 (−0.2–0.01) | 0.177 (0.31) |
BG (°) | 118.26 ± 8.17 (95.00–130.80) | 117.55 ± 10.66 (95.40–132.00) | 0.71 (−3.31–4.74) | 0.714 (0.08) |
CAL distance (cm) | 2.89 ± 0.29 (2.16–3.36) | 2.82 ± 0.37 (2.05–3.77) | 0.002 (−0.04–0.16) | 0.231 (0.27) |
CAL thickness (mm) | 1.01 ± 0.03 (0.26–1.64) | 1.02 ± 0.03 (0.59–1.69) | −0.0002 (−0.018–0.017) | 0.977 (0.006) |
SADB thickness (mm) | 0.9 ± 0.53 (0.4–2.5) | 0.7 ± 0.43 (0.2–1.7) | 0.2 (0.07–0.32) | 0.004 (0.74) * |
SA_Rest (cm) | 0.75 ± 0.22 (0.40–1.26) | 0.77 ± 0.30 (0.26–1.58) | −0.01 (−0.12–0.09) | 0.758 (0.07) |
SA_Cont. (cm) | 1.10 ± 0.30 (0.64–1.59) | 1.18 ± 0.39 (0.46–2.05) | −0.08 (−0.24–0.08) | 0.326 (0.23) |
SA_Dif. (cm) | 0.35 ± 0.16 (0.07–0.78) | 0.41 ± 0.26 (0.02–0.99) | −0.06 (−0.19–0.07) | 0.338 (0.22) |
LT_Rest (cm) | 0.46 ± 0.12 (0.25–0.72) | 0.49 ± 0.21 (0.20–1.21) | −0.03 (−0.11–0.05) | 0.477 (0.16) |
LT_Cont. (cm) | 0.62 ± 0.17 (0.30–0.94) | 0.66 ± 0.28 (0.24–1.52) | −0.04 (−0.16–0.07) | 0.450 (0.17) |
LT_Dif. (cm) | 0.15 ± 0.13 (0.01–0.57) | 0.17 ± 0.14 (0.02–0.67) | −0.01 (−0.06–0.03) | 0.543 (0.13) |
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Guerineau, F.; Cools, A.; Almazán-Polo, J.; Sosa-Reina, M.D.; Abuín-Porras, V.; Baroa-Fernández, C.; García-Ginés, P.; Román-Franganillo, A.; González-de-la-Flor, Á. Ultrasound-Based Morphological and Functional Assessment in Male CrossFit Athletes with Unilateral Subacromial Shoulder Pain: An Observational Study. Medicina 2025, 61, 1304. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61071304
Guerineau F, Cools A, Almazán-Polo J, Sosa-Reina MD, Abuín-Porras V, Baroa-Fernández C, García-Ginés P, Román-Franganillo A, González-de-la-Flor Á. Ultrasound-Based Morphological and Functional Assessment in Male CrossFit Athletes with Unilateral Subacromial Shoulder Pain: An Observational Study. Medicina. 2025; 61(7):1304. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61071304
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuerineau, Fabien, Ann Cools, Jaime Almazán-Polo, María Dolores Sosa-Reina, Vanesa Abuín-Porras, Cristian Baroa-Fernández, Pablo García-Ginés, Ana Román-Franganillo, and Ángel González-de-la-Flor. 2025. "Ultrasound-Based Morphological and Functional Assessment in Male CrossFit Athletes with Unilateral Subacromial Shoulder Pain: An Observational Study" Medicina 61, no. 7: 1304. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61071304
APA StyleGuerineau, F., Cools, A., Almazán-Polo, J., Sosa-Reina, M. D., Abuín-Porras, V., Baroa-Fernández, C., García-Ginés, P., Román-Franganillo, A., & González-de-la-Flor, Á. (2025). Ultrasound-Based Morphological and Functional Assessment in Male CrossFit Athletes with Unilateral Subacromial Shoulder Pain: An Observational Study. Medicina, 61(7), 1304. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61071304