Women’s Awareness of Reproductive Health
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Subgroup | n | % |
---|---|---|---|
Education | Primary | 7 | 6.3% |
Professional | 8 | 7.2% | |
Secondary | 49 | 44.1% | |
Tertiary | 47 | 42.3% | |
Place of residence | City < 20 thousand | 21 | 18.9% |
City 20–100 thousand | 19 | 9.0% | |
City 100 to 500 thousand | 10 | 17.1% | |
City > 500 thousand | 26 | 23.4% | |
Village | 35 | 31.5% | |
Marital status | In a relationship | 33 | 29.7% |
Not in a relationship | 78 | 70.3% | |
Age | <25 | 48 | 43.8% |
26–35 | 34 | 30.6% | |
36–45 | 17 | 15.3% | |
>45 | 12 | 10.8% | |
Professional status | Employed | 76 | 68.5% |
Unemployed | 35 | 31.5% | |
Progeny | Yes | 85 | 76.6% |
No | 26 | 23.4% | |
Trying to have a baby | Yes | 90 | 81.1% |
No | 21 | 19.9% | |
Infertility treatment | Yes | 91 | 82.0% |
No | 20 | 18.0% |
Variable | Subgroup | n | % |
---|---|---|---|
What do you think is the period of regular intercourses after which we can speak about infertility? | <3 months | 4 | 3.6% |
3–6 months | 9 | 8.1% | |
6 months to 1 year | 38 | 34.1% | |
>1 year | 60 | 54.1% | |
Does a woman’s fertility depend on her age? | It does not depend | 15 | 13.5% |
I do not know | 8 | 7.2% | |
Yes | 40 | 36.0% | |
Yes, it decreases after 35 years of age | 48 | 43.2% | |
What do you think is the percentage distribution of infertility between women and men? | 70% men, 30% women | 6 | 5.4% |
50% men, 50% women | 23 | 20.7% | |
40% women, 45% men, 15% both | 37 | 33.3% | |
30% men, 70% women | 45 | 40.5% | |
Do you think that testing for the presence of viral, bacterial, and infectious diseases should be performed during evaluation for infertility? | No | 21 | 18.9% |
Yes | 91 | 81.1% | |
Which of the mentioned diseases can be the cause of infertility in women? | Anatomical defects | 64 | 57.7% |
Thyroid dysfunctions | 86 | 77.5% | |
Hormonal disorders | 102 | 91.9% | |
Polycystic ovary syndrome | 95 | 85.6% | |
Endometriosis | 71 | 64.0% | |
Obesity | 65 | 58.6% | |
Stress | 78 | 70.3% | |
Sudden gain or loss of body mass | 46 | 41.4% | |
Excessive physical effort | 33 | 29.7% | |
What microbe-borne diseases may contribute to possessing the healthy baby? | HIV | 39 | 35.1% |
Treponema pallidum bacteria (syphilis) | 42 | 37.8% | |
Chlamydia trachomatis | 40 | 36.0% | |
Cytomegalovirus | 25 | 22.5% | |
Rubella | 41 | 36.9% | |
Toxoplasmosis | 43 | 43 | |
I do not know | 32 | 28.8% | |
Does the human psyche have a significant influence on fertilization success? | Yes | 93 | 83.8% |
No | 2 | 1.8% | |
I do not know | 16 | 14.4% | |
If you experienced problems with infertility, where would you seek help or what would you do? | Visit to a family doctor | 9 | 8.1% |
Visit to a gynecologist | 104 | 93.7% | |
Visit to a different physician, e.g., endocrinologist | 84 | 75.7% | |
Change to the lifestyle—giving up smoking | 70 | 63.1% | |
Being subject to pharmacotherapy | 62 | 55.9% | |
Adoption of a child | 22 | 19.8% | |
Other | 1 | 0.9% |
Variable: Level of Knowledge on Causes of Infertility | n | % | Test Result |
---|---|---|---|
Insufficient (0–50) | 44 | 39.64% | χ2 = 4.765 df = 1 p = 0.029 |
Rather good (51–66) | 41 | 36.94% | |
Good (67–80) | 13 | 11.71% | |
More than good (81–87) | 7 | 6.31% | |
Very good (88–100) | 6 | 5.41% |
Variable: Level of Knowledge on Symptoms Related to Limited Fertility | n | % | Test Result |
---|---|---|---|
Insufficient (0–50) | 65 | 58.6 | χ2 = 3.252 df = 1 p = 0.071 |
Rather good (51–66) | 36 | 32.4 | |
Good (67–80) | 9 | 8.1 | |
Very good (88–100) | 1 | 0.9 | |
Total | 111 | 100.0 |
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Zalewska, O.; Wszołek, K.; Pięt, M.; Wilczak, M.; Chmaj-Wierzchowska, K. Women’s Awareness of Reproductive Health. Medicina 2024, 60, 158. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60010158
Zalewska O, Wszołek K, Pięt M, Wilczak M, Chmaj-Wierzchowska K. Women’s Awareness of Reproductive Health. Medicina. 2024; 60(1):158. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60010158
Chicago/Turabian StyleZalewska, Oliwia, Katarzyna Wszołek, Małgorzata Pięt, Maciej Wilczak, and Karolina Chmaj-Wierzchowska. 2024. "Women’s Awareness of Reproductive Health" Medicina 60, no. 1: 158. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60010158
APA StyleZalewska, O., Wszołek, K., Pięt, M., Wilczak, M., & Chmaj-Wierzchowska, K. (2024). Women’s Awareness of Reproductive Health. Medicina, 60(1), 158. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60010158