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Volume 55
Issue 9
10.3390/medicina55090584
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Review

Molecular Basis of Cancer Pain Management: An Updated Review

by
Ayappa V. Subramaniam
,
Ashwaq Hamid Salem Yehya
and
Chern Ein Oon
*
Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Medicina 2019, 55(9), 584; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55090584
Submission received: 29 June 2019 / Revised: 5 September 2019 / Accepted: 9 September 2019 / Published: 12 September 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chronic Pain Management)
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Abstract

Pain can have a significantly negative impact on the quality of life of patients. Therefore, patients may resort to analgesics to relieve the pain. The struggle to manage pain in cancer patients effectively and safely has long been an issue in medicine. Analgesics are the mainstay treatment for pain management as they act through various methods on the peripheral and central pain pathways. However, the variability in the patient genotypes may influence a drug response and adverse drug effects that follow through. This review summarizes the observed effects of analgesics on UDP-glucuronosyl (UGT) 2B7 isoenzyme, cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6, μ-opioid receptor μ 1 (OPRM1), efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and ATP-binding cassette B1 ABCB1/multiple drug resistance 1 (MDR1) polymorphisms on the mechanism of action of these drugs in managing pain in cancer. Furthermore, this review article also discusses the responses and adverse effects caused by analgesic drugs in cancer pain management, due to the inter-individual variability in their genomes.
Keywords: cancer; pain management; analgesics; adverse drug effects; polymorphism cancer; pain management; analgesics; adverse drug effects; polymorphism
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MDPI and ACS Style

V. Subramaniam, A.; Salem Yehya, A.H.; Oon, C.E. Molecular Basis of Cancer Pain Management: An Updated Review. Medicina 2019, 55, 584. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55090584

AMA Style

V. Subramaniam A, Salem Yehya AH, Oon CE. Molecular Basis of Cancer Pain Management: An Updated Review. Medicina. 2019; 55(9):584. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55090584

Chicago/Turabian Style

V. Subramaniam, Ayappa, Ashwaq Hamid Salem Yehya, and Chern Ein Oon. 2019. "Molecular Basis of Cancer Pain Management: An Updated Review" Medicina 55, no. 9: 584. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55090584

APA Style

V. Subramaniam, A., Salem Yehya, A. H., & Oon, C. E. (2019). Molecular Basis of Cancer Pain Management: An Updated Review. Medicina, 55(9), 584. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55090584

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