Relationships between Physical Activity, Sleeping Time, and Psychological Distress in Community-Dwelling Elderly Japanese
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Clinical Parameters
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Cabinet Office. Annual Report on the Ageing Society: 2018 (Summary). Available online: https://www8.cao.go.jp/kourei/english/annualreport/2018/pdf/c1-1.pdf (accessed on 2 April 2019).
- Wada, T.; Ishine, M.; Sakagami, T.; Okumiya, K.; Fujisawa, M.; Murakami, S.; Otsuka, K.; Yano, S.; Kita, T.; Matsubayashi, K.; et al. Depression in Japanese community-dwelling elderly-prevalence and association with ADL and QOL. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 2004, 39, 15–23. Available online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15158577 (accessed on 5 June 2019). [CrossRef]
- Haseda, M.; Kondo, N.; Takagi, D.; Kondo, K. Community social capital and inequality in depressive symptoms among older Japanese adults: A multilevel study. Health Place 2018, 52, 8–17. Available online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29775833 (accessed on 5 June 2019). [CrossRef]
- Chang, Y.-C.; Lu, M.-C.; Hu, I.-H.; Wu, W.-C.I.; Hu, S.C. Effects of different amounts of exercise on preventing depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults: A prospective cohort study in Taiwan. BMJ Open 2017, 7, e014256. Available online: http://bmjopen.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014256 (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
- Ishihara, T.; Tou, K.; Takizawa, K.; Mizuno, M. Effects of daily exercises on executive function and mental health in elderly individuals: Comparison between low intensity and moderate/vigorous intensity exercise. Jpn. J. Physiol. Anthropol. 2015, 20, 127–133. Available online: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jjpa/20/3/20_KJ00010051702/_pdf (accessed on 2 April 2019). (In Japanese).
- Kanamori, S.; Takamiya, T.; Inoue, S.; Kai, Y.; Tsuji, T.; Kondo, K. Frequency and pattern of exercise and depression after two years in older Japanese adults: The JAGES longitudinal study. Sci. Rep. 2018, 8, 11224. Available online: http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-29053-x (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
- Mc Dowell, C.P.; Carlin, A.; Capranica, L.; Dillon, C.; Harrington, J.M.; Lakerveld, J.; Loyen, A.; Ling, F.C.M.; Brug, J.; MacDonncha, C.; et al. Associations of self-reported physical activity and depression in 10,000 Irish adults across harmonised datasets: A DEDIPAC-study. BMC Public Health 2018, 18, 779. Available online: https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-018-5702-4 (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
- Okoro, C.A.; Stoodt, G.; Rohrer, J.E.; Strine, T.W.; Li, C.; Balluz, L.S. Physical Activity Patterns among U.S. Adults with and without Serious Psychological Distress. Public Health Rep. 2014, 129, 30–38. Available online: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/003335491412900106 (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Takeda, F.; Noguchi, H.; Monma, T.; Tamiya, N. How Possibly Do Leisure and Social Activities Impact Mental Health of Middle-Aged Adults in Japan: An Evidence from a National Longitudinal Survey. PLoS ONE 2015, 10, e0139777. Available online: https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139777 (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
- Grønning, K.; Espnes, G.A.; Nguyen, C.; Rodrigues, A.M.F.; Gregorio, M.J.; Sousa, R.; Canhão, H.; André, B. Psychological distress in elderly people is associated with diet, wellbeing, health status, social support and physical functioning—A HUNT3 study. BMC Geriatr. 2018, 18, 891. Available online: https://bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12877-018-0891-3 (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
- Tolmunen, T.; Voutilainen, S.; Hintikka, J.; Rissanen, T.; Tanskanen, A.; Viinamäki, H.; Kaplan, G.A.; Salonen, J.T. Dietary Folate and Depressive Symptoms Are Associated in Middle-Aged Finnish Men. J. Nutr. 2003, 133, 3233–3236. Available online: https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/133/10/3233/4768420 (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
- Atkins, J.; Naismith, S.L.; Luscombe, G.M.; Hickie, I.B. Psychological distress and quality of life in older persons: Relative contributions of fixed and modifiable risk factors. BMC Psychiatry 2013, 13, 249. Available online: http://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-244X-13-249 (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
- Cunningham, T.J.; Wheaton, A.G.; Giles, W.H. The Association between Psychological Distress and Self-Reported Sleep Duration in a Population-Based Sample of Women and Men. Sleep Disord. 2015, 2015, 172064. Available online: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/sd/2015/172064/ (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
- Glozier, N.; Martiniuk, A.; Patton, G.; Ivers, R.; Li, Q.; Hickie, I.; Senserrick, T.; Woodward, M.; Norton, R.; Stevenson, M. Short sleep duration in prevalent and persistent psychological distress in young adults: The DRIVE study. Sleep 2010, 33, 1139–1145. Available online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20857859 (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
- Hori, D.; Tsujiguchi, H.; Kambayashi, Y.; Hamagishi, T.; Kitaoka, M.; Mitoma, J.; Asakura, H.; Suzuki, F.; Anyenda, E.O.; Nguyen, T.T.T.; et al. The associations between lifestyles and mental health using the General Health Questionnaire 12-items are different dependently on age and sex: A population-based cross-sectional study in Kanazawa, Japan. Environ. Health Prev. Med. 2016, 21, 410–421. Available online: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12199-016-0541-3 (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
- Kim, H.-M.; Lee, S.W. Beneficial Effects of Appropriate Sleep Duration on Depressive Symptoms and Perceived Stress Severity in a Healthy Population in Korea. Korean J. Fam. Med. 2018, 39, 57–61. Available online: http://kjfm.or.kr/journal/view.php?doi=10.4082/kjfm.2018.39.1.57 (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
- Seixas, A.A.; Vallon, J.; Barnes-Grant, A.; Butler, M.; Langford, A.T.; Grandner, M.A.; Schneeberger, A.R.; Huthchinson, J.; Zizi, F.; Jean-Louis, G.; et al. Mediating effects of body mass index, physical activity, and emotional distress on the relationship between short sleep and cardiovascular disease. Medicine 2018, 97, e11939. Available online: http://Insights.ovid.com/crossref?an=00005792-201809140-00004 (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
- Fujiwara, M.; Inagaki, M.; Nakaya, N.; Fujimori, M.; Higuchi, Y.; Kakeda, K.; Uchitomi, Y.; Yamada, N. Smoking among adults with serious psychological distress: Analysis of anonymized data from a national cross-sectional survey in Japan. J. Affect. Disord. 2018, 239, 131–137. Available online: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0165032718310589 (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
- Sung, H.-Y.; Prochaska, J.J.; Ong, M.K.; Shi, Y.; Max, W. Cigarette Smoking and Serious Psychological Distress: A Population-Based Study of California Adults. Nicotine Tob. Res. 2011, 13, 1183–1192. Available online: https://academic.oup.com/ntr/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/ntr/ntr148 (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Loscalzo, E.; Sterling, R.C.; Weinstein, S.P.; Salzman, B. Alcohol and other drug use in older adults: Results from a community needs assessment. Aging Clin. Exp. Res. 2017, 29, 1149–1155. Available online: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40520-016-0718-z (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
- Nakagawa, Y.; Mafune, K.; Inoue, A.; Hiro, H. Changes in drinking habits and psychological distress in Japanese non- or occasional drinking workers: A one-year prospective cohort study. Ind. Health 2017, 55, 243–251. Available online: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/indhealth/55/3/55_2016-0171/_article (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
- Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. National Health and Nutrition Survey. Available online: https://www.mhlw.go.jp/content/10904750/000351576.pdf (accessed on 1 June 2019). (In Japanese)
- Steele, B.G.; Holt, L.; Belza, B.; Ferris, S.; Lakshminaryan, S.; Buchner, D.M. Quantitating Physical Activity in COPD Using a Triaxial Accelerometer. Chest 2000, 117, 1359–1367. Available online: https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.117.5.1359 (accessed on 1 June 2019). [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Shimizu, N.; Hashidate, H.; Ota, T.; Saito, A. The known-groups validity of intensity-based physical activity measurement using an accelerometer in people with subacute stroke. J. Phys. Ther. Sci. 2018, 30, 507–513. Available online: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jpts/30/4/30_jpts-2017-616/_article (accessed on 1 June 2019). [CrossRef]
- Hamasaki, H.; Yanai, H.; Kakei, M.; Noda, M.; Ezaki, O. The validity of the non-exercise activity thermogenesis questionnaire evaluated by objectively measured daily physical activity by the triaxial accelerometer. BMC Sports Sci. Med. Rehabil. 2014, 6, 27. Available online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25075310 (accessed on 1 June 2019). [CrossRef]
- Shiga Federation of National Health Insurance Organization. Questionnaire on Specific Health Examination. Available online: http://www.shigakokuho.or.jp/cmsfiles/contents/0000000/60/englishi(H30kara).pdf (accessed on 2 April 2019).
- Ohkawara, K.; Oshima, Y.; Hikihara, Y.; Ishikawa-Takata, K.; Tabata, I.; Tanaka, S. Real-time estimation of daily physical activity intensity by a triaxial accelerometer and a gravity-removal classification algorithm. Br. J. Nutr. 2011, 105, 1681–1691. Available online: http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0007114510005441 (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
- Oshima, Y.; Kawaguchi, K.; Tanaka, S.; Ohkawara, K.; Hikihara, Y.; Ishikawa-Takata, K.; Tabata, I. Classifying household and locomotive activities using a triaxial accelerometer. Gait Posture 2010, 31, 370–374. Available online: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0966636210000068 (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
- Owari, Y.; Miyatake, N.; Kataoka, H. Relationship between Social Participation, Physical Activity and Psychological Distress in Apparently Healthy Elderly People: A Pilot Study. Acta Med. Okayama 2018, 72, 31–37. Available online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29463936 (accessed on 2 April 2019).
- Harada, Y.; Oga, T.; Chin, K.; Takegami, M.; Takahashi, K.-I.; Sumi, K.; Nakamura, T.; Nakayama-Ashida, Y.; Minami, I.; Horita, S.; et al. Differences in relationships among sleep apnoea, glucose level, sleep duration and sleepiness between persons with and without type 2 diabetes: Obstructive sleep apnoea and diabetes. J. Sleep Res. 2012, 21, 410–418. Available online: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-2869.2012.00997.x (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
- Asakura, R.; Miyatake, N.; Mochimasu, K.D.; Kurato, R.; Kuwana, S. Comparison of Psychological Distress between Type 2 Diabetes Patients with and without Proteinuria. Acta Med. Okayama 2017, 71, 309–314. Available online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28824186x (accessed on 2 April 2019).
- Furukawa, T.A.; Kawakami, N.; Saitoh, M.; Ono, Y.; Nakane, Y.; Nakamura, Y.; Tachimori, H.; Iwata, N.; Uda, H.; Nakane, H.; et al. The performance of the Japanese version of the K6 and K10 in the World Mental Health Survey Japan. Int. J. Methods Psychiatr. Res. 2008, 17, 152–158. Available online: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/mpr.257 (accessed on 1 June 2019). [CrossRef]
- Iwata, N.; Uno, B.; Suzuki, T. Psychometric properties of the 30-item version general health questionnaire in Japanese. Jpn. J. Psychiatry Neurol. 1994, 48, 547–556. Available online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7891417 (accessed on 1 June 2019). [CrossRef]
- Kessler, R.C.; Andrews, G.; Colpe, L.J.; Hiripi, E.; Mroczek, D.K.; Normand, S.L.T.; Walters, E.E.; Zaslavsky, A.M. Short screening scales to monitor population prevalences and trends in non-specific psychological distress. Psychol. Med. 2002, 32, 959–976. Available online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12214795 (accessed on 1 June 2019). [CrossRef]
- Furukawa, T.A.; Kessler, R.C.; Slade, T.; Andrews, G. The performance of the K6 and K10 screening scales for psychological distress in the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being. Psychol. Med. 2003, 33, 357–362. Available online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12622315 (accessed on 1 June 2019). [CrossRef]
- Kessler, R.C.; Barker, P.R.; Colpe, L.J.; Epstein, J.F.; Gfroerer, J.C.; Hiripi, E.; Howes, M.J.; Normand, S.-L.T.; Manderscheid, R.W.; Walters, E.E.; et al. Screening for serious mental illness in the general population. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 2003, 60, 184–189. Available online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12578436 (accessed on 1 June 2019). [CrossRef]
- Parker, G.; Brotchie, H. Gender differences in depression. Int. Rev. Psychiatry 2010, 22, 429–436. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Brodaty, H.; Luscombe, G.; Parker, G.; Wilhelm, K.; Hickie, I.; Austin, M.-P.; Mitchell, P. Increased rate of psychosis and psychomotor change in depression with age. Psychol. Med. 1997, 27, 1205–1213. Available online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9300524 (accessed on 1 June 2019). [CrossRef]
- Robertson, R.; Robertson, A.; Jepson, R.; Maxwell, M. Walking for depression or depressive symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ment. Health Phys. Act. 2012, 5, 66–75. Available online: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1755296612000099 (accessed on 1 June 2019). [CrossRef]
- Teychenne, M.; Ball, K.; Salmon, J. Sedentary Behavior and Depression Among Adults: A Review. Int. J. Behav. Med. 2010, 17, 246–254. Available online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20174982 (accessed on 1 June 2019). [CrossRef]
- Zhai, L.; Zhang, H.; Zhang, D. SLEEP DURATION AND DEPRESSION AMONG ADULTS: A META-ANALYSIS OF PROSPECTIVE STUDIES: Research Article: Sleep Duration and Depression. Depress. Anxiety 2015, 32, 664–670. Available online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26047492 (accessed on 1 June 2019). [CrossRef]
- NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute. The 2015 NHK Japanese Time Use Survey. Available online: https://www.nhk.or.jp/bunken/english/reports/pdf/report_16071301.pdf (accessed on 2 April 2019).
- Justino Borges, L.; Bertoldo Benedetti, T.R.; Zarpellon Mazo, G. The influence of physical exercise on depressive symptoms and functional fitness in elderly residents of south Brazil. Rev. Esp. Geriatr. Gerontol. 2010, 45, 72–78. Available online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20206416 (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
- Blake, M.; Waloszek, J.M.; Schwartz, O.; Raniti, M.; Simmons, J.G.; Blake, L.; Murray, G.; Dahl, R.E.; Bootzin, R.; Dudgeon, P.; et al. The SENSE study: Post intervention effects of a randomized controlled trial of a cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness-based group sleep improvement intervention among at-risk adolescents. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 2016, 84, 1039–1051. Available online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27775416 (accessed on 2 April 2019). [CrossRef]
Total (n = 108) | ||
---|---|---|
Age (years) | 74.0 | (65–88) |
Height (cm) | 154.5 | (139–178) |
Body weight (kg) | 54.5 | (36–89) |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.8 | ±2.9 |
Exercise (Mets × h/w) | 4.6 | (0.32–13.4) |
Number of Steps (steps/day) | 5456.6 | (525.9–20372.7) |
Walking time (min/day) | 80.7 | (17.9–222.4) |
≦1.5 Mets (min/day) | 501.8 | ±124.0 |
1.6–2.9 Mets (min/day) | 285.0 | ±78.5 |
≧3 Mets (min/day) | 74.9 | (5.7–180.8) |
≦1.5 Mets (%/day) | 57.2 | ±10.7 |
1.6–2.9 Met (%/day) | 33.1 | ±8.4 |
≧3 Mets (%/day) | 9.0 | (0.61–23.28) |
Total sleeping time (min/day) | 399.0 | ±70.3 |
Time in bed (min/day) | 480.5 | (359–820) |
K6 score | 1.0 | (0–18) |
Psychological distress, n (%) | 18 (16.7) | |
Medication | ||
Hypertension, n (%) | 44 (40.7) | |
Diabetes Mellitus, n (%) | 7 (6.5) | |
Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 29 (26.9) | |
Medical history | ||
Stroke, n (%) | 5 (4.6) | |
Heart disease, n (%) | 12 (11.1) | |
Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 1 (0.9) | |
Anemia, n (%) | 16 (14.8) | |
Smoking habits, n (%) | 2 (1.9) | |
Exercise habits, n (%) | 48 (44.4) | |
Drinking habits, n (%) | 28 (25.9) |
rs | p | |
---|---|---|
Sex | 0.075 | 0.462 |
Age (years) | 0.041 | 0.671 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | –0.018 | 0.854 |
Exercise (Mets/h/w) | –0.021 | 0.826 |
Number of Steps (steps/day) | –0.084 | 0.387 |
Walking time (min/day) | –0.095 | 0.326 |
≦1.5 Mets (min/day) | –0.042 | 0.667 |
≧3 Mets (min/day) | –0.016 | 0.867 |
≦1.5 Mets (%/day) | –0.019 | 0.847 |
1.6–2.9 Mets (%/day) | 0.054 | 0.579 |
≧3 Mets (%/day) | 0.006 | 0.952 |
Total sleeping time (min/day) | –0.224 | 0.020 |
Time in bed (min/day) | –0.078 | 0.424 |
Objective Variable | Explanatory Variables | b | 95% Cl | Standardized β | p | VIF | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Psychological distress | Constant | 16.214 | 3.053 | to | 29.376 | |||
Sex | −0.055 | −1.513 | to | 1.734 | 0.013 | 0.893 | 1.125 | |
Age (years) | −0.064 | −0.211 | to | 0.074 | −0.095 | 0.341 | 1.126 | |
Walking time (min/day) | −0.026 | −0.048 | to | −0.004 | −0.276 | 0.019 | 1.548 | |
≦1.5 Mets (%/day) | −2.373 | −10.278 | to | 5.533 | −0.068 | 0.553 | 1.482 | |
Total sleeping time (min/day) | −0.012 | −0.022 | to | −0.002 | −0.231 | 0.016 | 1.024 |
© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Yamamoto, Y.; Suzuki, H.; Owari, Y.; Miyatake, N. Relationships between Physical Activity, Sleeping Time, and Psychological Distress in Community-Dwelling Elderly Japanese. Medicina 2019, 55, 318. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55070318
Yamamoto Y, Suzuki H, Owari Y, Miyatake N. Relationships between Physical Activity, Sleeping Time, and Psychological Distress in Community-Dwelling Elderly Japanese. Medicina. 2019; 55(7):318. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55070318
Chicago/Turabian StyleYamamoto, Yukio, Hiromi Suzuki, Yutaka Owari, and Nobuyuki Miyatake. 2019. "Relationships between Physical Activity, Sleeping Time, and Psychological Distress in Community-Dwelling Elderly Japanese" Medicina 55, no. 7: 318. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55070318