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Volume 16
Issue 5
10.3390/ph16050715
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Article

Application of Direct Thermal Desorption–Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Determination of Volatile and Semi-Volatile Organosulfur Compounds in Onions: A Novel Analytical Approach

by
Ana V. González-de-Peredo
,
Mercedes Vázquez-Espinosa
,
Estrella Espada-Bellido
,
Marta Ferreiro-González
*,
Ceferino Carrera
,
Miguel Palma
and
Gerardo F. Barbero
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Wine and Agrifood Research Institute (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16(5), 715; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16050715
Submission received: 7 March 2023 / Revised: 27 April 2023 / Accepted: 2 May 2023 / Published: 8 May 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Liquid Chromatography in Analysis of Bioactive Compounds for Pharmaceuticals, Cosmetics, and Functional Food Interest)
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Abstract

The population is now more aware of their diets due to the connection between food and general health. Onions (Allium cepa L.), common vegetables that are minimally processed and grown locally, are known for their health-promoting properties. The organosulfur compounds present in onions have powerful antioxidant properties and may decrease the likelihood of developing certain disorders. It is vital to employ an optimum approach with the best qualities for studying the target compounds to undertake a thorough analysis of these compounds. In this study, the use of a direct thermal desorption–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method with a Box–Behnken design and multi-response optimization is proposed. Direct thermal desorption is an environmentally friendly technique that eliminates the use of solvents and requires no prior preparation of the sample. To the author’s knowledge, this methodology has not been previously used to study the organosulfur compounds in onions. Likewise, the optimal conditions for pre-extraction and post-analysis of organosulfur compounds were as follows: 46 mg of onion in the tube, a desorption heat of 205 °C for 960 s, and a trap heat of 267 °C for 180 s. The repeatability and intermediate precision of the method were evaluated by conducting 27 tests over three consecutive days. The results obtained for all compounds studied revealed CV values ranging from 1.8% to 9.9%. The major compound reported in onions was 2,4-dimethyl-thiophene, representing 19.4% of the total area of sulfur compounds. The propanethial S-oxide, the principal compound responsible for the tear factor, accounted for 4.5% of the total area.
Keywords: Allium cepa L.; direct thermal desorption–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; multi-response optimization; onion; organosulfur compounds Allium cepa L.; direct thermal desorption–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; multi-response optimization; onion; organosulfur compounds
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MDPI and ACS Style

V. González-de-Peredo, A.; Vázquez-Espinosa, M.; Espada-Bellido, E.; Ferreiro-González, M.; Carrera, C.; Palma, M.; F. Barbero, G. Application of Direct Thermal Desorption–Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Determination of Volatile and Semi-Volatile Organosulfur Compounds in Onions: A Novel Analytical Approach. Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16, 715. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16050715

AMA Style

V. González-de-Peredo A, Vázquez-Espinosa M, Espada-Bellido E, Ferreiro-González M, Carrera C, Palma M, F. Barbero G. Application of Direct Thermal Desorption–Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Determination of Volatile and Semi-Volatile Organosulfur Compounds in Onions: A Novel Analytical Approach. Pharmaceuticals. 2023; 16(5):715. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16050715

Chicago/Turabian Style

V. González-de-Peredo, Ana, Mercedes Vázquez-Espinosa, Estrella Espada-Bellido, Marta Ferreiro-González, Ceferino Carrera, Miguel Palma, and Gerardo F. Barbero. 2023. "Application of Direct Thermal Desorption–Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Determination of Volatile and Semi-Volatile Organosulfur Compounds in Onions: A Novel Analytical Approach" Pharmaceuticals 16, no. 5: 715. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16050715

APA Style

V. González-de-Peredo, A., Vázquez-Espinosa, M., Espada-Bellido, E., Ferreiro-González, M., Carrera, C., Palma, M., & F. Barbero, G. (2023). Application of Direct Thermal Desorption–Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Determination of Volatile and Semi-Volatile Organosulfur Compounds in Onions: A Novel Analytical Approach. Pharmaceuticals, 16(5), 715. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16050715

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