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Volume 22
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10.3390/s22249799
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Article

A Tiled Ultrasound Matrix Transducer for Volumetric Imaging of the Carotid Artery

by
Djalma Simões dos Santos
1,*,†,
Fabian Fool
1,†,
Moein Mozaffarzadeh
1,
Maysam Shabanimotlagh
1,
Emile Noothout
1,
Taehoon Kim
2,‡,
Nuriel Rozsa
2,
Hendrik J. Vos
1,3,
Johan G. Bosch
3,
Michiel A. P. Pertijs
2,
Martin D. Verweij
1,3 and
Nico de Jong
1,3
1
Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Department of Imaging Physics, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
2
Electronic Instrumentation Laboratory, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
3
Department Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
‡
Current address: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Sensors 2022, 22(24), 9799; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22249799
Submission received: 14 November 2022 / Revised: 9 December 2022 / Accepted: 12 December 2022 / Published: 14 December 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ultrasound/Photoacoustic Sensing and Imaging in Biomedical Applications)
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Abstract

High frame rate three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound imaging would offer excellent possibilities for the accurate assessment of carotid artery diseases. This calls for a matrix transducer with a large aperture and a vast number of elements. Such a matrix transducer should be interfaced with an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for channel reduction. However, the fabrication of such a transducer integrated with one very large ASIC is very challenging and expensive. In this study, we develop a prototype matrix transducer mounted on top of multiple identical ASICs in a tiled configuration. The matrix was designed to have 7680 piezoelectric elements with a pitch of 300 μm × 150 μm integrated with an array of 8 × 1 tiled ASICs. The performance of the prototype is characterized by a series of measurements. The transducer exhibits a uniform behavior with the majority of the elements working within the −6 dB sensitivity range. In transmit, the individual elements show a center frequency of 7.5 MHz, a −6 dB bandwidth of 45%, and a transmit efficiency of 30 Pa/V at 200 mm. In receive, the dynamic range is 81 dB, and the minimum detectable pressure is 60 Pa per element. To demonstrate the imaging capabilities, we acquired 3D images using a commercial wire phantom.
Keywords: ultrasound transducer; matrix array; lead zirconate titanate (PZT); application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC); high-frame rate; three-dimensional (3D); ultrasound imaging; carotid artery ultrasound transducer; matrix array; lead zirconate titanate (PZT); application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC); high-frame rate; three-dimensional (3D); ultrasound imaging; carotid artery

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MDPI and ACS Style

dos Santos, D.S.; Fool, F.; Mozaffarzadeh, M.; Shabanimotlagh, M.; Noothout, E.; Kim, T.; Rozsa, N.; Vos, H.J.; Bosch, J.G.; Pertijs, M.A.P.; et al. A Tiled Ultrasound Matrix Transducer for Volumetric Imaging of the Carotid Artery. Sensors 2022, 22, 9799. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22249799

AMA Style

dos Santos DS, Fool F, Mozaffarzadeh M, Shabanimotlagh M, Noothout E, Kim T, Rozsa N, Vos HJ, Bosch JG, Pertijs MAP, et al. A Tiled Ultrasound Matrix Transducer for Volumetric Imaging of the Carotid Artery. Sensors. 2022; 22(24):9799. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22249799

Chicago/Turabian Style

dos Santos, Djalma Simões, Fabian Fool, Moein Mozaffarzadeh, Maysam Shabanimotlagh, Emile Noothout, Taehoon Kim, Nuriel Rozsa, Hendrik J. Vos, Johan G. Bosch, Michiel A. P. Pertijs, and et al. 2022. "A Tiled Ultrasound Matrix Transducer for Volumetric Imaging of the Carotid Artery" Sensors 22, no. 24: 9799. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22249799

APA Style

dos Santos, D. S., Fool, F., Mozaffarzadeh, M., Shabanimotlagh, M., Noothout, E., Kim, T., Rozsa, N., Vos, H. J., Bosch, J. G., Pertijs, M. A. P., Verweij, M. D., & de Jong, N. (2022). A Tiled Ultrasound Matrix Transducer for Volumetric Imaging of the Carotid Artery. Sensors, 22(24), 9799. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22249799

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