Validity and Reliability of Mobile Applications for Assessing Strength, Power, Velocity, and Change-of-Direction: A Systematic Review

Silva, Rui; Rico-González, Markel; Lima, Ricardo; Akyildiz, Zeki; Pino-Ortega, José; Clemente, Filipe Manuel

doi:10.3390/s21082623

Open AccessReview

Validity and Reliability of Mobile Applications for Assessing Strength, Power, Velocity, and Change-of-Direction: A Systematic Review

by

Rui Silva

^1,*,

Markel Rico-González

^2,3

,

Ricardo Lima

^1,4

,

Zeki Akyildiz

⁵

,

José Pino-Ortega

^3,6

and

Filipe Manuel Clemente

^1,7

¹

Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal

²

Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country, UPV-EHU, Lasarte 71, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain

³

BIOVETMED & SPORTSCI Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, San Javier, 30100 Murcia, Spain

⁴

The Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal

⁵

Sports Science Department, Gazi University, Teknikokullar, Ankara 06500, Turkey

⁶

Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Murcia, 30720 San Javier, Spain

⁷

Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Sensors 2021, 21(8), 2623; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21082623

Submission received: 20 February 2021 / Revised: 1 April 2021 / Accepted: 6 April 2021 / Published: 8 April 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microelectromechanical Systems in Sports and Exercise)

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Abstract

This systematic review aimed to (1) identify and summarize studies that have examined the validity of apps for measuring human strength, power, velocity, and change-of-direction, and (2) identify and summarize studies that have examined the reliability of apps for measuring human strength, power, velocity, and change-of-direction. A systematic review of Cochrane Library, EBSCO, PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases was performed, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. From the 435 studies initially identified, 23 were fully reviewed, and their outcome measures were extracted and analyzed. In total, 11 mobile applications were analyzed and summarized for their validity and reliability to test movement velocity, movement time, movement displacement, power output, and workload. The present systematic review revealed that the tested apps are valid and reliable for measuring bar movement velocity during lower and upper body resistance exercises; however, systematic bias was detected with heavier loads.

Keywords: sports technology; smartphone; accuracy; precision; athletic performance; fitness

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MDPI and ACS Style

Silva, R.; Rico-González, M.; Lima, R.; Akyildiz, Z.; Pino-Ortega, J.; Clemente, F.M. Validity and Reliability of Mobile Applications for Assessing Strength, Power, Velocity, and Change-of-Direction: A Systematic Review. Sensors 2021, 21, 2623. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21082623

AMA Style

Silva R, Rico-González M, Lima R, Akyildiz Z, Pino-Ortega J, Clemente FM. Validity and Reliability of Mobile Applications for Assessing Strength, Power, Velocity, and Change-of-Direction: A Systematic Review. Sensors. 2021; 21(8):2623. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21082623

Chicago/Turabian Style

Silva, Rui, Markel Rico-González, Ricardo Lima, Zeki Akyildiz, José Pino-Ortega, and Filipe Manuel Clemente. 2021. "Validity and Reliability of Mobile Applications for Assessing Strength, Power, Velocity, and Change-of-Direction: A Systematic Review" Sensors 21, no. 8: 2623. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21082623

APA Style

Silva, R., Rico-González, M., Lima, R., Akyildiz, Z., Pino-Ortega, J., & Clemente, F. M. (2021). Validity and Reliability of Mobile Applications for Assessing Strength, Power, Velocity, and Change-of-Direction: A Systematic Review. Sensors, 21(8), 2623. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21082623

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Validity and Reliability of Mobile Applications for Assessing Strength, Power, Velocity, and Change-of-Direction: A Systematic Review

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