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Article

Quantification of the Link between Timed Up-and-Go Test Subtasks and Contractile Muscle Properties

1
AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health and Bioresources, 8020 Graz, Austria
2
Institute of Neural Engineering, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
3
Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Prevention, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
4
Alma Mater Europaea ECM, Faculty of Physical Therapy, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
5
Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
6
Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
7
Albert Schweitzer Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Geriatric Health Care Centers Graz, 8020 Graz, Austria
8
Physiology Division, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sensors 2021, 21(19), 6539; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21196539
Submission received: 30 July 2021 / Revised: 12 September 2021 / Accepted: 22 September 2021 / Published: 30 September 2021

Abstract

Frailty and falls are a major public health problem in older adults. Muscle weakness of the lower and upper extremities are risk factors for any, as well as recurrent falls including injuries and fractures. While the Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) test is often used to identify frail members and fallers, tensiomyography (TMG) can be used as a non-invasive tool to assess the function of skeletal muscles. In a clinical study, we evaluated the correlation between the TMG parameters of the skeletal muscle contraction of 23 elderly participants (22 f, age 86.74 ± 7.88) and distance-based TUG test subtask times. TUG tests were recorded with an ultrasonic-based device. The sit-up and walking phases were significantly correlated to the contraction and delay time of the muscle vastus medialis (ρ = 0.55–0.80, p < 0.01). In addition, the delay time of the muscles vastus medialis (ρ = 0.45, p = 0.03) and gastrocnemius medialis (ρ = −0.44, p = 0.04) correlated to the sit-down phase. The maximal radial displacements of the biceps femoris showed significant correlations with the walk-forward times (ρ = −0.47, p = 0.021) and back (ρ = −0.43, p = 0.04). The association of TUG subtasks to muscle contractile parameters, therefore, could be utilized as a measure to improve the monitoring of elderly people’s physical ability in general and during rehabilitation after a fall in particular. TUG test subtask measurements may be used as a proxy to monitor muscle properties in rehabilitation after long hospital stays and injuries or for fall prevention.
Keywords: Timed Up-and-Go test; tensiomyography; biomedical signal processing; biomedical engineering; biomedical sensors; functional health assessments Timed Up-and-Go test; tensiomyography; biomedical signal processing; biomedical engineering; biomedical sensors; functional health assessments

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ziegl, A.; Hayn, D.; Kastner, P.; Fabiani, E.; Šimunič, B.; Löffler, K.; Weidinger, L.; Brix, B.; Goswami, N.; Günter, S. Quantification of the Link between Timed Up-and-Go Test Subtasks and Contractile Muscle Properties. Sensors 2021, 21, 6539. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21196539

AMA Style

Ziegl A, Hayn D, Kastner P, Fabiani E, Šimunič B, Löffler K, Weidinger L, Brix B, Goswami N, Günter S. Quantification of the Link between Timed Up-and-Go Test Subtasks and Contractile Muscle Properties. Sensors. 2021; 21(19):6539. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21196539

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ziegl, Andreas, Dieter Hayn, Peter Kastner, Ester Fabiani, Boštjan Šimunič, Kerstin Löffler, Lisa Weidinger, Bianca Brix, Nandu Goswami, and Schreier Günter. 2021. "Quantification of the Link between Timed Up-and-Go Test Subtasks and Contractile Muscle Properties" Sensors 21, no. 19: 6539. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21196539

APA Style

Ziegl, A., Hayn, D., Kastner, P., Fabiani, E., Šimunič, B., Löffler, K., Weidinger, L., Brix, B., Goswami, N., & Günter, S. (2021). Quantification of the Link between Timed Up-and-Go Test Subtasks and Contractile Muscle Properties. Sensors, 21(19), 6539. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21196539

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