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10.3390/d14040232
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Article

Keyhole into a Lost World: The First Purely Freshwater Species of the Ponto-Caspian Genus Clathrocaspia (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae)

by
Vitaliy V. Anistratenko
1,
Dmitry M. Palatov
2,3,
Elizaveta M. Chertoprud
4,
Tatyana Y. Sitnikova
3,5,
Olga Y. Anistratenko
1,6,
Catharina Clewing
7 and
Maxim V. Vinarski
3,*
1
Department of Invertebrate Fauna and Systematics, Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, B. Khmelnytsky Str. 15, 01054 Kiev, Ukraine
2
A.N. Severtzov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, 33, Leninsky Prospect, 117071 Moscow, Russia
3
Laboratory of Macroecology & Biogeography of Invertebrates, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
4
Department of Hydrobiology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
5
Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Street 3, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
6
Department of Cenozoic Deposits, Institute of Geological Sciences, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, O. Gontchar Str. 55b, 01054 Kiev, Ukraine
7
Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26 (IFZ), 35392 Giessen, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diversity 2022, 14(4), 232; https://doi.org/10.3390/d14040232
Submission received: 23 February 2022 / Revised: 11 March 2022 / Accepted: 18 March 2022 / Published: 22 March 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Continental Mollusca under Global Change)
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Abstract

The species of the Ponto-Caspian gastropod genus Clathrocaspia Lindholm, 1930 have been recorded so far from the Caspian Sea Basin only from marine waters, whereas they inhabit the estuarine areas as well as the purely freshwater environments in the Azov–Black Sea Basin. This genus has recently been assessed as putatively extinct in the Caspian Sea. A new purely freshwater species Clathrocaspia laevigata sp. n. from the water-flows of the Samur River delta in Dagestan, Russia, is described. A morphological comparison of the new species with C. brotzkajae (Starobogatov in Anistratenko & Prisjazhnjuk, 1992) from the Caspian Sea and C. knipowitschii (Makarov, 1938) inhabiting the Azov–Black Sea Basin shows their overall similarity. The major difference is that C. laevigata sp. n. almost completely lacks the reticulate teleoconch sculpture, whereas it is well-developed in all known Clathrocaspia species. The molecular data revealed probable sister relationships between the new species and C. knipowitschii. All Dagestan populations are ecologically and spatially isolated from the open sea and and are very locally restricted. We suggest to consider newly described snail species as retained in a pure freshwater refuge located in the coastal area of the Caspian Sea. The discovery of such a refuge sheds more light on the origin, current state and the future of the unique Ponto-Caspian aquatic biota under global change and increasing anthropogenic impact.
Keywords: non-marine Hydrobiidae; morphology; taxonomy; Caspian Sea; Dagestan; refuge non-marine Hydrobiidae; morphology; taxonomy; Caspian Sea; Dagestan; refuge

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MDPI and ACS Style

Anistratenko, V.V.; Palatov, D.M.; Chertoprud, E.M.; Sitnikova, T.Y.; Anistratenko, O.Y.; Clewing, C.; Vinarski, M.V. Keyhole into a Lost World: The First Purely Freshwater Species of the Ponto-Caspian Genus Clathrocaspia (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae). Diversity 2022, 14, 232. https://doi.org/10.3390/d14040232

AMA Style

Anistratenko VV, Palatov DM, Chertoprud EM, Sitnikova TY, Anistratenko OY, Clewing C, Vinarski MV. Keyhole into a Lost World: The First Purely Freshwater Species of the Ponto-Caspian Genus Clathrocaspia (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae). Diversity. 2022; 14(4):232. https://doi.org/10.3390/d14040232

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anistratenko, Vitaliy V., Dmitry M. Palatov, Elizaveta M. Chertoprud, Tatyana Y. Sitnikova, Olga Y. Anistratenko, Catharina Clewing, and Maxim V. Vinarski. 2022. "Keyhole into a Lost World: The First Purely Freshwater Species of the Ponto-Caspian Genus Clathrocaspia (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae)" Diversity 14, no. 4: 232. https://doi.org/10.3390/d14040232

APA Style

Anistratenko, V. V., Palatov, D. M., Chertoprud, E. M., Sitnikova, T. Y., Anistratenko, O. Y., Clewing, C., & Vinarski, M. V. (2022). Keyhole into a Lost World: The First Purely Freshwater Species of the Ponto-Caspian Genus Clathrocaspia (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae). Diversity, 14(4), 232. https://doi.org/10.3390/d14040232

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